Question 1

Which aspects of Piaget's cognitive developmental theory have been supported by recent research? What are the major criticisms of Piaget's theory?

Accepted Answer

Supported by research: Children do seem

Question 2

What percentage of 18- to 20-year-olds is able to consistently use formal operational thought?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 to 30% 
B)  50 to 60% 
C)  80 to 90% 
D)  100% 
A)  20 to 30% 
B)  50 to 60% 
C)  80 to 90% 
D)  100%

Question 3

When adults in a work setting take responsibility for teaching and advising students, it is called

Accepted Answer

A)  mentoring. 
B)  service-learning. 
C)  internships. 
D)  apprenticeships. 
A)  mentoring. 
B)  service-learning. 
C)  internships. 
D)  apprenticeships.

Question 4

If you ask a child what she would do if she had a "third eye," she might respond by saying things like "spy on my older brother" or "put it on the top of my foot so I could see under things." These answers indicate that the child is capable of

Accepted Answer

A)  transitive thinking. 
B)  perspective-taking. 
C)  abstract thought. 
D)  reversibility. 
A)  transitive thinking. 
B)  perspective-taking. 
C)  abstract thought. 
D)  reversibility.

Question 5

On a whim, 16-year-old Bre decided to get a short haircut. When she walks into school the next day, she feels as if everyone in the entire school is watching her. This is most likely an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  personal fable. 
B)  abstract thought. 
C)  reflective thinking. 
D)  imaginary audience. 
A)  personal fable. 
B)  abstract thought. 
C)  reflective thinking. 
D)  imaginary audience.

Question 6

Which subtheory of Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence involves mastering new tasks and figuring out new ways to solve problems?

Accepted Answer

A)  componential 
B)  experiential 
C)  contextual 
D)  crystallized 
A)  componential 
B)  experiential 
C)  contextual 
D)  crystallized

Question 7

Research examining Piaget's theory in a number of different cultures indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  children seem to pass through Piaget's stages in the same order and at the same ages world-wide. 
B)  children seem to pass through Piaget's stages in the same order but not necessarily at the same ages world-wide. 
C)  all children regardless of cultural background or educational level eventually attain formal operations. 
D)  the rates at which individuals achieve formal operations are the same in industrialized and non industrialized countries. 
A)  children seem to pass through Piaget's stages in the same order and at the same ages world-wide. 
B)  children seem to pass through Piaget's stages in the same order but not necessarily at the same ages world-wide. 
C)  all children regardless of cultural background or educational level eventually attain formal operations. 
D)  the rates at which individuals achieve formal operations are the same in industrialized and non industrialized countries.

Question 8

Sean finds that when he tries to learn algebra by himself it is impossible. However, when he works with his tutor, algebra seems so much easier-she gradually gets him to understand the material by himself. According to Vygotsky's theory, Sean is able to master algebra because of the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  guided participation. 
B)  abstract thinking. 
C)  situated cognition. 
D)  socially shared cognition. 
A)  guided participation. 
B)  abstract thinking. 
C)  situated cognition. 
D)  socially shared cognition.

Question 9

Describe the characteristics associated with four out of the eight types of intelligence in Gardner's theory of intelligence. Give at least 2 professions that are associated with each type of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Refer to Table 14.1 on page 463. The eig

Question 10

One of the things that family members and others can do to help children with intellectual disability improve the quality of their lives is

Accepted Answer

A)  encourage children with intellectual disabilities to explore the environment. 
B)  work with them on basic learning skills such as labeling, sorting, and comparing objects. 
C)  celebrate their achievements and developmental milestones. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  encourage children with intellectual disabilities to explore the environment. 
B)  work with them on basic learning skills such as labeling, sorting, and comparing objects. 
C)  celebrate their achievements and developmental milestones. 
D)  all of the above

Question 11

Which type of reasoning involves reaching a particular conclusion on the basis of general principles?

Accepted Answer

A)  abstract 
B)  combinatorial 
C)  reflective 
D)  deductive 
A)  abstract 
B)  combinatorial 
C)  reflective 
D)  deductive

Question 12

Terman's (1921) longitudinal study found that gifted children are

Accepted Answer

A)  generally more well-adjusted than the average child. 
B)  often neurotic. 
C)  very eccentric in their thinking. 
D)  emotionally sensitive in most social situations. 
A)  generally more well-adjusted than the average child. 
B)  often neurotic. 
C)  very eccentric in their thinking. 
D)  emotionally sensitive in most social situations.

Question 13

Using deductive reasoning in order to systematically manipulate variables in order to test hypotheses is called ________.

Accepted Answer

hypothetic

Question 14

Working more than 20 hours per week during adolescence has been associated with poorer grades in school.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Cultural-familial retardation refers to intellectual disability caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  a recessive gene found within certain ethnic minority groups. 
B)  the lack of educational support and stimulation. 
C)  chromosome abnormalities identified within certain family constellations. 
D)  environmental toxins highly concentrated in certain regions of the country. 
A)  a recessive gene found within certain ethnic minority groups. 
B)  the lack of educational support and stimulation. 
C)  chromosome abnormalities identified within certain family constellations. 
D)  environmental toxins highly concentrated in certain regions of the country.

Question 16

List the six vocational categories in Holland's (1997) theory. For each vocational category, give at least three personality characteristics or interests that are associated with the category.

Accepted Answer

Refer to Figure 14.3 on page 477. Realis

Question 17

Piaget's theory implies that as children reorganize their cognitive structures, they rise to a higher and qualitatively different level of logical thought. Once achieved, these new structures and organizations

Accepted Answer

A)  apply across all contexts. 
B)  are temporary, and often "regress" to a lower stage of development. 
C)  influence thinking only within a particular context or domain of knowledge. 
D)  depend on the child's age, rather than on their level of experience. 
A)  apply across all contexts. 
B)  are temporary, and often "regress" to a lower stage of development. 
C)  influence thinking only within a particular context or domain of knowledge. 
D)  depend on the child's age, rather than on their level of experience.

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding the application of Piaget's theory to human development is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Piaget changed the view of children from one of passivity to one of activity. 
B)  Piaget's theory has many applications to the field of education. 
C)  Piaget's theory sparked researchers to conduct studies attempting to support or refute his claims. 
D)  Piaget himself did not collect much data about child cognitive development. 
A)  Piaget changed the view of children from one of passivity to one of activity. 
B)  Piaget's theory has many applications to the field of education. 
C)  Piaget's theory sparked researchers to conduct studies attempting to support or refute his claims. 
D)  Piaget himself did not collect much data about child cognitive development.

Question 19

Gardner believed that intelligence has a(n) ________, meaning that it has an underlying biological and/or genetic aspect.

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary cause 
B)  biopsychological potential 
C)  sociological potential 
D)  hormonal cause 
A)  evolutionary cause 
B)  biopsychological potential 
C)  sociological potential 
D)  hormonal cause

Question 20

All of the following are environmental factors that can lead to intellectual disability EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  lead exposure. 
B)  poor nutrition. 
C)  lack of stimulation. 
D)  allergic reactions to immunizations. 
A)  lead exposure. 
B)  poor nutrition. 
C)  lack of stimulation. 
D)  allergic reactions to immunizations.

Which aspects of Piaget's cognitive developmental theory have been supported by recent research? What are the major criticisms of Piaget's theory?

What percentage of 18- to 20-year-olds is able to consistently use formal operational thought?

When adults in a work setting take responsibility for teaching and advising students, it is called

If you ask a child what she would do if she had a "third eye," she might respond by saying things like "spy on my older brother" or "put it on the top of my foot so I could see under things." These answers indicate that the child is capable of

On a whim, 16-year-old Bre decided to get a short haircut. When she walks into school the next day, she feels as if everyone in the entire school is watching her. This is most likely an example of

Which subtheory of Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence involves mastering new tasks and figuring out new ways to solve problems?

Research examining Piaget's theory in a number of different cultures indicates that

Sean finds that when he tries to learn algebra by himself it is impossible. However, when he works with his tutor, algebra seems so much easier-she gradually gets him to understand the material by himself. According to Vygotsky's theory, Sean is able to master algebra because of the concept of

Describe the characteristics associated with four out of the eight types of intelligence in Gardner's theory of intelligence. Give at least 2 professions that are associated with each type of intelligence.

One of the things that family members and others can do to help children with intellectual disability improve the quality of their lives is

Which type of reasoning involves reaching a particular conclusion on the basis of general principles?

Terman's (1921) longitudinal study found that gifted children are

Using deductive reasoning in order to systematically manipulate variables in order to test hypotheses is called ________.

Working more than 20 hours per week during adolescence has been associated with poorer grades in school.

Cultural-familial retardation refers to intellectual disability caused by

List the six vocational categories in Holland's (1997) theory. For each vocational category, give at least three personality characteristics or interests that are associated with the category.

Piaget's theory implies that as children reorganize their cognitive structures, they rise to a higher and qualitatively different level of logical thought. Once achieved, these new structures and organizations

Which of the following statements regarding the application of Piaget's theory to human development is FALSE?

Gardner believed that intelligence has a(n) ________, meaning that it has an underlying biological and/or genetic aspect.

All of the following are environmental factors that can lead to intellectual disability EXCEPT

Exploring Child Development

Heredity and the Environment

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers

Socioemotional Development in Infants and Toddlers

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Socioemotional Development in Adolescenc

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Exam 14: Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Which aspects of Piaget's cognitive developmental theory have been supported by recent research? What are the major criticisms of Piaget's theory?

What percentage of 18- to 20-year-olds is able to consistently use formal operational thought?

When adults in a work setting take responsibility for teaching and advising students, it is called

If you ask a child what she would do if she had a "third eye," she might respond by saying things like "spy on my older brother" or "put it on the top of my foot so I could see under things." These answers indicate that the child is capable of

On a whim, 16-year-old Bre decided to get a short haircut. When she walks into school the next day, she feels as if everyone in the entire school is watching her. This is most likely an example of

Which subtheory of Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence involves mastering new tasks and figuring out new ways to solve problems?

Research examining Piaget's theory in a number of different cultures indicates that

Sean finds that when he tries to learn algebra by himself it is impossible. However, when he works with his tutor, algebra seems so much easier-she gradually gets him to understand the material by himself. According to Vygotsky's theory, Sean is able to master algebra because of the concept of

Describe the characteristics associated with four out of the eight types of intelligence in Gardner's theory of intelligence. Give at least 2 professions that are associated with each type of intelligence.

One of the things that family members and others can do to help children with intellectual disability improve the quality of their lives is

Which type of reasoning involves reaching a particular conclusion on the basis of general principles?

Terman's (1921) longitudinal study found that gifted children are

Using deductive reasoning in order to systematically manipulate variables in order to test hypotheses is called ________.

Working more than 20 hours per week during adolescence has been associated with poorer grades in school.

Cultural-familial retardation refers to intellectual disability caused by

List the six vocational categories in Holland's (1997) theory. For each vocational category, give at least three personality characteristics or interests that are associated with the category.

Piaget's theory implies that as children reorganize their cognitive structures, they rise to a higher and qualitatively different level of logical thought. Once achieved, these new structures and organizations

Which of the following statements regarding the application of Piaget's theory to human development is FALSE?

Gardner believed that intelligence has a(n) ________, meaning that it has an underlying biological and/or genetic aspect.

All of the following are environmental factors that can lead to intellectual disability EXCEPT

Exploring Child Development

Heredity and the Environment

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers

Socioemotional Development in Infants and Toddlers

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Socioemotional Development in Adolescenc

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