Question 1

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Leukocytes, others -+ , leukocyte activation

Accepted Answer

A)  Histamine, serotonin 
B)  Leukotrienes C4, D4, E14 
C)  Nitric oxide 
D)  Chemokines 
E)  IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins 
A)  Histamine, serotonin 
B)  Leukotrienes C4, D4, E14 
C)  Nitric oxide 
D)  Chemokines 
E)  IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Question 2

Acute and Chronic Inflammation
-Which of the following is associated with acute inﬂammation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutophils 
B)  Macrophages 
C)  Lymphocytes 
D)  Tissue ﬁbrosis 
E)  Tissue necrosis 
A)  Neutophils 
B)  Macrophages 
C)  Lymphocytes 
D)  Tissue ﬁbrosis 
E)  Tissue necrosis

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a general principle of the chemical mediators of
Inﬂammation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mediators originate either from plasma or from cells 
B)  The production of active mediators is triggered by microbial products or by host proteins 
C)  Most mediators perform their biologic activity by initially binding to specific receptors on target cells 
D)  One mediator can stimulate the release of other mediators by target cells themselves 
E)  Mediators can act on one or few target cell types
F) Once activated and released from the cell, most of these mediators last a long
Time (long-lived)
G) Most mediators have the potential to cause harmful effects 
A)  Mediators originate either from plasma or from cells 
B)  The production of active mediators is triggered by microbial products or by host proteins 
C)  Most mediators perform their biologic activity by initially binding to specific receptors on target cells 
D)  One mediator can stimulate the release of other mediators by target cells themselves 
E)  Mediators can act on one or few target cell types
F) Once activated and released from the cell, most of these mediators last a long
Time (long-lived)
G) Most mediators have the potential to cause harmful effects

Question 4

Match the endothelial molecule (leukocyte adhesion molecule) with its major role:
-Adhesion (eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes)

Accepted Answer

A)  ICAM-1 
B)  P-selectin 
C)  E-selectin 
D)  VCAM-1 
E)  GlyCam-1
F) CD31 (PECAM) 
A)  ICAM-1 
B)  P-selectin 
C)  E-selectin 
D)  VCAM-1 
E)  GlyCam-1
F) CD31 (PECAM)

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT associated with cell death?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nuclear condensation (pyknosis) 
B)  Nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis) 
C)  Dissolution of the nucleus (karyolysis) 
D)  Decrease in intracellular Ca++ 
E)  Amorphous mitochondrial densities 
A)  Nuclear condensation (pyknosis) 
B)  Nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis) 
C)  Dissolution of the nucleus (karyolysis) 
D)  Decrease in intracellular Ca++ 
E)  Amorphous mitochondrial densities

Question 6

Which of the following appears, histologically, as an eosinophilic meshwork of threads or sometimes as an amorphous coagulum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serous inﬂammation 
B)  Fibrinous inﬂammation 
C)  Suppurative or purulent inﬂammation 
D)  Ulcers 
A)  Serous inﬂammation 
B)  Fibrinous inﬂammation 
C)  Suppurative or purulent inﬂammation 
D)  Ulcers

Question 7

Which of the following is marked by the outpouring of a thin fluid that, depending on the size of injury, is derived from either the plasma or the secretions of mesothelial cells lining the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serous inﬂammation 
B)  Fibrinous inﬂammation 
C)  Suppurative or purulent inﬂammation 
D)  Ulcers 
A)  Serous inﬂammation 
B)  Fibrinous inﬂammation 
C)  Suppurative or purulent inﬂammation 
D)  Ulcers

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a morphologic feature of cells undergoing apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypoxia 
B)  Cell shrinkage 
C)  Chromatin condensation 
D)  Formation of cytoplasmic blebs and apoptotic bodies 
E)  Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells or cell bodies, usually by macrophages 
A)  Hypoxia 
B)  Cell shrinkage 
C)  Chromatin condensation 
D)  Formation of cytoplasmic blebs and apoptotic bodies 
E)  Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells or cell bodies, usually by macrophages

Question 9

Which of the following is characteristic of focal bacterial or, occasionally, fungal infections, because microbes stimulate the accumulation of inﬂammatory cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coagulative necrosis 
B)  Liquefactive necrosis 
C)  Causeous necrosis 
D)  Fat necrosis 
E)  Gangrenous necrosis 
A)  Coagulative necrosis 
B)  Liquefactive necrosis 
C)  Causeous necrosis 
D)  Fat necrosis 
E)  Gangrenous necrosis

Question 10

Which of the following opposes proteasome-mediated protein degradation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thyroid hormone 
B)  Cytokines 
C)  Glucocorticoids 
D)  Dexamethasone 
E)  Insulin 
A)  Thyroid hormone 
B)  Cytokines 
C)  Glucocorticoids 
D)  Dexamethasone 
E)  Insulin

Question 11

Atrophy may be accompanied by residual bodies, such as lipofuscin granules, which
Can turn tissue what color?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yellow 
B)  Blue 
C)  Brown 
D)  White 
E)  Red 
A)  Yellow 
B)  Blue 
C)  Brown 
D)  White 
E)  Red

Question 12

Chemically induced cell injury from carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and acetaminophen (Tylenol) aﬀect which organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brain 
B)  Kidneys 
C)  Pancreas 
D)  Spleen 
E)  Liver 
A)  Brain 
B)  Kidneys 
C)  Pancreas 
D)  Spleen 
E)  Liver

Question 13

Cell injury often results in increased intracellular calcium and this in turn mediates a variety of deleterious eﬀects. Which of the following is NOT activated by calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATPases 
B)  Phospholipases 
C)  Proteases 
D)  Endonucleases 
E)  ATP synthase 
A)  ATPases 
B)  Phospholipases 
C)  Proteases 
D)  Endonucleases 
E)  ATP synthase

Exam 1: Pathology

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Leukocytes, others -+ , leukocyte activation

Acute and Chronic Inflammation -Which of the following is associated with acute inﬂammation?

Which of the following is NOT a general principle of the chemical mediators of Inﬂammation?

Match the endothelial molecule (leukocyte adhesion molecule) with its major role: -Adhesion (eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes)