Exam 2: Theories of Development

Maura went to kindergarten for the first time this week. She travels to school on the bus with children of many different ages. On Friday, Maura responded to her father's request with an unacceptable word. Her father was horrified and was ready to punish Maura. Maura's grandmother, however, stopped him and whispered in his ear "Just ignore it and it will go away." Maura's grandmother's advice is an example of which of the following operant conditioning principles?

One of the major criticisms of Freud's psychosexual theory is that it is based on

One of the main advantages to the developmental theories of Freud and Piaget is the

Based upon his case studies, Freud hypothesized ____________stages of development.

One of the insights that guided Piaget is that developmental sequences are

________ is a rephrasing of the operant conditioning principle of the advice frequently given to both parents and teachers to "catch children engaging in correct behavior."

Watson conditioned a phobia in "Little Albert" to demonstrate that development can be attributed solely to learned associations between stimuli and responses. Thus, Watson can be seen to agree with the of development.

Erikson proposed that the most important socializing agent was________ in the industry versus inferiority crisis.

Summarize the three structures of personality that Freud included as part of his psychosexual theory of development. Define each and provide an age-related example of each one.

In this Piagetian stage, children begin to employ symbols.

Conservation is one of the major operations achieved in the____________ stage.

Bronfenbrenner's outermost context is the macrosystem. An example of the macrosystem is

Although Erikson agreed with Freud about the importance of internal impulses, Erikson differed with Freud concerning the importance of____________ factors.

According to Piaget, children are born with a sucking reflex. This reflex must be adapted to the environment for the child to gain nutrition. Shortly after birth when presented with a bottle the child attempts to suck with the in-born sucking reflex. According to Piaget, this is an example of which of the following processes?

Cookie Monster is a good example of the

Neo-Piagetian theorists argue that older children demonstrate more advanced problem solving capabilities than younger children because older children have greater short-term memory capabilities. Therefore, these theorists would support the____________ theory of development.

Piaget hypothesized four stages of development. Therefore, it can be concluded that he agreed with the____________ of development.

Every time 2-month-old Alberto's mother gives him a bottle, she smiles and sings him a song. If classical conditioning is correct, Alberto should soon start sucking

________ was an early theorist who advocated that environmental influences were the cause of behavioral change.

In Piaget's theory,__________ is the balance between assimilation and accommodation.