Exam 2: Theories of Development

The approach hypothesized by Urie Bronbenbrenner which emphasizes the individual and their relationship to many interrelated environments is called

__________ occurs in the phallic stage when according to Freud the child has a sexual attraction to his or her opposite-sex parent.

Although Watson has been called an extreme advocate of John Locke's "blank slate theory" his request for "… a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, …" indicates that he did acknowledge

According to Piaget, the early schemes are part of which domain of development?

Reinforcement ____________the likelihood of a behavior reoccurring again in the future.

Both Freud's and Erikson's theories have been cumulative theories. This means that later stages and crises build on the previous ones. Therefore, in both of these theories which of the following is critical?

Which one of the following theories considers nature to be a more contributing factor than nurture?

One of the most important aspects of Piaget's theory is that the research to support his ideas is

One of the major contributions of Erikson's psychosocial theory is that it is

________ proposed a theory of development that includes a complex system of interrelated contexts that interact with the child's unique biological processes.

Present the four contexts that constitute Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory. Define each and provide a developmental example for each one. How is this model a multidisciplinary one?

_______ occurs, according to Bandura, when in addition to acquiring behaviors by observing and modeling others, children also learn about their personal competencies.

Compare the three learning theories. Present two comparisons and two differences.

One of the major criticisms of the ethology and sociobiology theories is that they

One of the main components of Freud's theories is his concept of stages. Therefore, Freud would agree with the____________ of development.

____________are used by developmental scientists to create hypotheses and identify variables to be studied.

An example of a negative reinforcement is

Geena has been failing asleep in class on a regular basis. Most of the time her homework is not completed, and she frequently comes to school during the winter with no coat or gloves. The school authorities contact social services. They investigate. This is an example of which of Bronfenbrenner's contexts?

Vygotsky's theory is an excellent example of how the different domains of development interact. Which of the following two domains are integral to Vygotsky's theory?

Sandra is watching some of her classmates on the play ground. They have become rowdy and are hitting each other with the jump ropes. The recess monitor intervenes and the children are placed into time-out as Sandra watches. The next day when the jump ropes are distributed at recess, Sandra is careful to use them to jump. This is an example of