Exam 14: Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Members of different kinds of cultures may experience emotions differently. People in ________ countries report more self-focused emotions, whereas people in ________ countries are more likely to report other-focused emotions.

Some cross-cultural researchers compare average levels of traits across cultures. For example, Chueng and Song (1989) found that Chinese participants generally described themselves as higher on ________ when compared to an American sample.

Describe evidence that is consistent with the idea that genetically influenced personality attributes generate cultural differences. What considerations are critically important to emphasize when discussing this possibility?

The ecological approach attempts to find geographical reasons for cross-cultural differences.

It has been suggested that the only way psychologists can address the generalizability issue is to ________.

Extraversion, openness, and sociosexuality might be lower in countries near the equator because low levels of these traits ________.

Nima moved to the United States when she was 5 years old, and she gradually adopted the language, attitudes, and styles of American culture. The process through which Nima became Americanized is known as ________.

One reason Europeans were able to colonize and dominate other cultures was that they ________.

Which of the following is NOT an important reason for identifying cross-cultural differences in experience, personality, and behavior?

Which finding has been used to support the argument that personality itself has no meaning in collectivist societies?

________ cultures tend to emphasize the needs of the group.

According to the text, what two factors are hypothesized to influence whether a culture is high in tightness?

According to the ecological approach, differences in ecology generate differences in ________, which in turn shapes ________.

Some research suggests that thinking in Asians as opposed to European Americans is more disrupted by talking.

Describe the ecological approach for explaining the origins of cross-cultural differences in behavior. How does this perspective differ from a deconstructionist perspective on this issue?

Identify and describe five major dimensions used by cross-cultural psychologists to characterize cultures. Identify any parallels between these dimensions and the dimensions used to study individuals.

A culture that stresses that "tall poppies are cut first" or that "the nail that stands out gets pounded down" might be high in which cultural dimension?

What term associated with Japanese culture refers to indulgence and dependence that may exist between a parent and child?

Buddhist countries might be higher in self-compassion than Confucianist countries.

Which value would most likely be associated with a collectivist culture?