Exam 21: Microbial Ecology

Compared to eutrophic lakes, the biochemical oxygen demand, or BOD, of oligotrophic lakes is

Much of the microbial fermentation in humans occurs in the

Which region of marine habitat refers to the microscopic interface between water and air?

Which of the following require endosymbiotic protists and bacteria to digest plant material such as lignin and cellulose?

Describe the interaction of Vibrio cholerae with copepods. How did sari cloth help decrease the incidence of cholera in Bangladesh?

Synechococcus, a cyanobacterium, is a free-living marine organism that fixes CO₂ into biomass while producing molecular oxygen utilized by swarms of heterotrophic bacteria. Which of the following is the most likely habitat of this bacterium?

Metatranscriptomics is the study of ________ obtained from an environmental community.

Describe the process of haustorial parasitism.

The high biological oxygen demand that accompanies algal bloom in eutrophic lakes increases the span of the ________ zone.

Explain how metagenomics and metatranscriptomics have been used to assess ocean diversity.

A graduate student filtered a liter of seawater using a Millipore filter membrane of 2 mm pore size. Her filtrate

Explain how viruses select for increased diversity of microbial plankton in the oceans.

Fungi play a much larger and more significant role in the decomposition of terrestrial biomass than they do in marine ecosystems. This is because fungi

Lignin decomposition forms

Which of the following are the main consumers of biomass in the ocean?

The Dutch microbiologist van Niel first demonstrated anoxygenic photosynthesis in soil and water bacteria. He generalized his work by hypothesizing that

The ________ region of an oligotrophic lake extends to about 10 meters below the surface.

Explain at least three ways in which metagenomes may overlook organisms in the environment.

Which of the following is responsible for the characteristic odor of soil?

The ________ is a set of conditions, including its habitat, resources, and relations with other species of the ecosystem, that enable an organism to grow and reproduce.