Question 1

One of the chief executive functions of the ________ is making choices about what to do.

Accepted Answer

A) ego 
B) cortex 
C) self 
D) superego 
A) ego 
B) cortex 
C) self 
D) superego C

Question 2

Self-handicapping helps individuals make ________ attributions for their performance.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal 
B)  external 
C)  dispositional 
D)  extrinsic 
A)  internal 
B)  external 
C)  dispositional 
D)  extrinsic B

Question 3

Kevin just got a low grade on his term paper.If Kevin has a ________ mindset, he would be most likely to give up and reduce his efforts in the class, feeling as though he is just "a bad writer."

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed 
B)  growth 
C)  pessimistic 
D)  sensitive 
A)  fixed 
B)  growth 
C)  pessimistic 
D)  sensitive A

Question 4

Tim has asked Robin to marry him.Robin isn't sure whether she loves him enough or whether she loves him in the right way.She talks with her sister about all the reasons why it would be wise to marry Tim, and all the reasons why it wouldn't be such a great idea.According to Wilson's theory of reasons-generated attitude change, Robin might regret it were she to base her decision on the reasons she mentioned.Why is that?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her sister will unconsciously reinforce some reasons and punish others. 
B)  Reasons Robin generates during the conversation won't predict her long-term attitudes and feelings very well. 
C)  Such objective, dispassionate verbal reports will counteract the passionate feelings she has for Tim. 
D)  People often fall prey to post-decision regret, due to their need to justify their decisions. 
A)  Her sister will unconsciously reinforce some reasons and punish others. 
B)  Reasons Robin generates during the conversation won't predict her long-term attitudes and feelings very well. 
C)  Such objective, dispassionate verbal reports will counteract the passionate feelings she has for Tim. 
D)  People often fall prey to post-decision regret, due to their need to justify their decisions.

Question 5

States that were settled ______ by European Americans tend to have a more independent view of the self.

Accepted Answer

A) more recently 
B) a long time ago 
C) predominantly 
D) only 
A) more recently 
B) a long time ago 
C) predominantly 
D) only

Question 6

Agustin knows you're taking a psychology class and wants to know what he can do to be more disciplined in a few weeks when midterm exams come around.What advice do you have, based on the information in this chapter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exert self-control in some area now to practice for the future. 
B)  Consider starting a fight to provide an excuse for poor performance when the time comes. 
C)  See about volunteering at a day care so he can be sick when midterms come around. 
D)  Give up.There's nothing that can be done. 
A)  Exert self-control in some area now to practice for the future. 
B)  Consider starting a fight to provide an excuse for poor performance when the time comes. 
C)  See about volunteering at a day care so he can be sick when midterms come around. 
D)  Give up.There's nothing that can be done.

Question 7

When there are no objective criteria to measure achievement, people often rely on ________ to evaluate how well they performed.

Accepted Answer

A)  social comparison 
B)  introspection 
C)  cognitive appraisal processes 
D)  attribution of arousal 
A)  social comparison 
B)  introspection 
C)  cognitive appraisal processes 
D)  attribution of arousal

Question 8

Social comparison theory suggests that in order to learn about our own abilities and attitudes, we

Accepted Answer

A) use introspection. 
B) compare ourselves to others. 
C) examine our past behaviors. 
D) must experience both arousal and cognition. 
A) use introspection. 
B) compare ourselves to others. 
C) examine our past behaviors. 
D) must experience both arousal and cognition.

Question 9

Recall that Dutton and Aron (1974) had an attractive female confederate approach men either on a high, narrow, swaying suspension bridge, or else on the other side of the bridge where they were sitting.In thinking about processes of misattribution of arousal, which group of men was more likely to call the confederate later and ask her for a date?

Accepted Answer

A)  Those who had rested for a while. 
B)  Those who were approached on the bridge. 
C)  Both groups were equally likely to call because the confederate was so attractive. 
D)  Men from neither group called the confederate because they misattributed the arousal to anxiety. 
A)  Those who had rested for a while. 
B)  Those who were approached on the bridge. 
C)  Both groups were equally likely to call because the confederate was so attractive. 
D)  Men from neither group called the confederate because they misattributed the arousal to anxiety.

Question 10

________ refers to the desire to engage in an activity because we enjoy it, not because we expect external rewards.

Accepted Answer

A)  Intrinsic motivation 
B)  Extrinsic motivation 
C)  Hedonic motivation 
D)  The overjustification effect 
A)  Intrinsic motivation 
B)  Extrinsic motivation 
C)  Hedonic motivation 
D)  The overjustification effect

Question 11

A basic tenet of self-perception theory is that we infer our feelings from our behavior when

Accepted Answer

A)  the reasons for our attitudes or feelings are ambiguous. 
B)  the reasons for our attitudes or feelings are clear. 
C)  we can easily identify external reasons for our feelings. 
D)  we think about how others perceive us. 
A)  the reasons for our attitudes or feelings are ambiguous. 
B)  the reasons for our attitudes or feelings are clear. 
C)  we can easily identify external reasons for our feelings. 
D)  we think about how others perceive us.

Question 12

Unique baby names are a sign of a(n) _______ self-construal.

Accepted Answer

A) interdependent 
B) independent 
C) complex 
D) nonexistent 
A) interdependent 
B) independent 
C) complex 
D) nonexistent

Question 13

Rewards are not as likely to undermine intrinsic motivation when

Accepted Answer

A)  they depend on how well people perform the task in question. 
B)  people grow anxious or apprehensive about being evaluated. 
C)  rewards are not given to everyone. 
D)  no one is labeled a "loser." 
A)  they depend on how well people perform the task in question. 
B)  people grow anxious or apprehensive about being evaluated. 
C)  rewards are not given to everyone. 
D)  no one is labeled a "loser."

Question 14

According to research mentioned in this chapter, after observing the amount of time elementary students spent playing new math games, researchers provided rewards to children for playing with the games.After the rewards were removed,

Accepted Answer

A)  children's intrinsic interest in the math games increased. 
B)  the time children spent playing the game remained the same. 
C)  although children reported less liking for the math games, they continued to play with them. 
D)  children's intrinsic interest in the math games decreased. 
A)  children's intrinsic interest in the math games increased. 
B)  the time children spent playing the game remained the same. 
C)  although children reported less liking for the math games, they continued to play with them. 
D)  children's intrinsic interest in the math games decreased.

Question 15

According to research, when participants were asked to first suppress a thought, they later performed worse ________ in the second task.

Accepted Answer

A)  on a math test 
B)  at containing their laughter at a funny video 
C)  on a mock interview 
D)  at a word association task 
A)  on a math test 
B)  at containing their laughter at a funny video 
C)  on a mock interview 
D)  at a word association task

Question 16

What is meant by the idea of the "looking glass self" (Cooley, 1902)?

Accepted Answer

A) We see ourselves best through introspection. 
B) We see ourselves and the social world through others' eyes and take on those views. 
C) We tend to seek out friendships that only reflect our own personal beliefs. 
D) We refuse to believe that any opinion other than our own is valid. 
A) We see ourselves best through introspection. 
B) We see ourselves and the social world through others' eyes and take on those views. 
C) We tend to seek out friendships that only reflect our own personal beliefs. 
D) We refuse to believe that any opinion other than our own is valid.

Question 17

The two major ways that a person may self-handicap are ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  using upward social comparison; avoiding downward social comparison 
B)  creating real obstacles to success; making excuses in advance 
C)  avoiding the frontstage region; seeking out the backstage region 
D)  making internal attributions for failure; making external attributions for success 
A)  using upward social comparison; avoiding downward social comparison 
B)  creating real obstacles to success; making excuses in advance 
C)  avoiding the frontstage region; seeking out the backstage region 
D)  making internal attributions for failure; making external attributions for success

Question 18

Robert has an important exam the next day.However, instead of studying for his exam, Robert is out at a party and drinking until the early morning hours.What social-psychological construct can explain Robert's behavior and why would he do this?

Accepted Answer

Robert's behavior can be explained by th

Question 19

In Japan, you can rent fake guests for a wedding, a fake audience for a public lecture, and fake mourners for a funeral.These "convenience agencies" (benriya) exist because

Accepted Answer

A)  many Japanese spend so much time at work that they do not have time to attend special events. 
B)  many Japanese spend so much time at work that they don't have time to develop friendships. 
C)  the "fake" guests are a longstanding Japanese tradition, which villagers used to do for free but which now has become commercialized. 
D)  the Japanese are very concerned with avoiding the public embarrassment of not having "enough" attendees at social events. 
A)  many Japanese spend so much time at work that they do not have time to attend special events. 
B)  many Japanese spend so much time at work that they don't have time to develop friendships. 
C)  the "fake" guests are a longstanding Japanese tradition, which villagers used to do for free but which now has become commercialized. 
D)  the Japanese are very concerned with avoiding the public embarrassment of not having "enough" attendees at social events.

Question 20

The overall positive or negative evaluation that people have themselves is

Accepted Answer

A)  extrinsic motivation. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  terror management. 
D)  dispositional attribution. 
A)  extrinsic motivation. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  terror management. 
D)  dispositional attribution.

One of the chief executive functions of the ________ is making choices about what to do.

Self-handicapping helps individuals make ________ attributions for their performance.

Kevin just got a low grade on his term paper.If Kevin has a ________ mindset, he would be most likely to give up and reduce his efforts in the class, feeling as though he is just "a bad writer."

States that were settled ______ by European Americans tend to have a more independent view of the self.

Agustin knows you're taking a psychology class and wants to know what he can do to be more disciplined in a few weeks when midterm exams come around.What advice do you have, based on the information in this chapter?

When there are no objective criteria to measure achievement, people often rely on ________ to evaluate how well they performed.

Social comparison theory suggests that in order to learn about our own abilities and attitudes, we

________ refers to the desire to engage in an activity because we enjoy it, not because we expect external rewards.

A basic tenet of self-perception theory is that we infer our feelings from our behavior when

Unique baby names are a sign of a(n) _______ self-construal.

Rewards are not as likely to undermine intrinsic motivation when

According to research mentioned in this chapter, after observing the amount of time elementary students spent playing new math games, researchers provided rewards to children for playing with the games.After the rewards were removed,

According to research, when participants were asked to first suppress a thought, they later performed worse ________ in the second task.

What is meant by the idea of the "looking glass self" (Cooley, 1902)?

The two major ways that a person may self-handicap are and .

Robert has an important exam the next day.However, instead of studying for his exam, Robert is out at a party and drinking until the early morning hours.What social-psychological construct can explain Robert's behavior and why would he do this?

In Japan, you can rent fake guests for a wedding, a fake audience for a public lecture, and fake mourners for a funeral.These "convenience agencies" (benriya) exist because

The overall positive or negative evaluation that people have themselves is

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It

Prejudice: Causes Consequences and Cures

Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future

Social Psychology and Health

Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Exam 5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

One of the chief executive functions of the ________ is making choices about what to do.

Self-handicapping helps individuals make ________ attributions for their performance.

Kevin just got a low grade on his term paper.If Kevin has a ________ mindset, he would be most likely to give up and reduce his efforts in the class, feeling as though he is just "a bad writer."

States that were settled ______ by European Americans tend to have a more independent view of the self.

Agustin knows you're taking a psychology class and wants to know what he can do to be more disciplined in a few weeks when midterm exams come around.What advice do you have, based on the information in this chapter?

When there are no objective criteria to measure achievement, people often rely on ________ to evaluate how well they performed.

Social comparison theory suggests that in order to learn about our own abilities and attitudes, we

________ refers to the desire to engage in an activity because we enjoy it, not because we expect external rewards.

A basic tenet of self-perception theory is that we infer our feelings from our behavior when

Unique baby names are a sign of a(n) _______ self-construal.

Rewards are not as likely to undermine intrinsic motivation when

According to research mentioned in this chapter, after observing the amount of time elementary students spent playing new math games, researchers provided rewards to children for playing with the games.After the rewards were removed,

According to research, when participants were asked to first suppress a thought, they later performed worse ________ in the second task.

What is meant by the idea of the "looking glass self" (Cooley, 1902)?

The two major ways that a person may self-handicap are ________ and ________.

Robert has an important exam the next day.However, instead of studying for his exam, Robert is out at a party and drinking until the early morning hours.What social-psychological construct can explain Robert's behavior and why would he do this?

In Japan, you can rent fake guests for a wedding, a fake audience for a public lecture, and fake mourners for a funeral.These "convenience agencies" (benriya) exist because

The overall positive or negative evaluation that people have themselves is

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It

Prejudice: Causes Consequences and Cures

Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future

Social Psychology and Health

Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

The two major ways that a person may self-handicap are and .