Question 1

________ refers to the process of looking inward and examining our thoughts, feelings, and motives.

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-actualization 
B)  Introspection 
C)  Implicit personality 
D)  Self-examination 
A)  Self-actualization 
B)  Introspection 
C)  Implicit personality 
D)  Self-examination

Question 2

Mariana wonders whether she has the potential to become a first-rate social psychologist.To assess her potential, she would most likely compare herself to

Accepted Answer

A)  her parents. 
B)  famous social psychologists whose research she has read. 
C)  other psychology majors she knows. 
D)  Sigmund Freud. 
A)  her parents. 
B)  famous social psychologists whose research she has read. 
C)  other psychology majors she knows. 
D)  Sigmund Freud.

Question 3

Why would cognitive attributional processes be involved in helping us label emotions?

Accepted Answer

A)  All arousal has a cognitive component. 
B)  All arousal is social in origin. 
C)  In many situations, there is more than one plausible cause for arousal. 
D)  Extreme arousal short-circuits rational cognitive processes. 
A)  All arousal has a cognitive component. 
B)  All arousal is social in origin. 
C)  In many situations, there is more than one plausible cause for arousal. 
D)  Extreme arousal short-circuits rational cognitive processes.

Question 4

Reading programs that are intended to encourage children to read more by paying them to read books is an example of using

Accepted Answer

A) task-contingent rewards. 
B) performance-contingent rewards. 
C) negative reinforcement. 
D) intrinsic motivation. 
A) task-contingent rewards. 
B) performance-contingent rewards. 
C) negative reinforcement. 
D) intrinsic motivation.

Question 5

Pablo had always gotten much satisfaction out of caring for his brothers and sisters when they were sick.A few months ago, Pablo's father convinced him to take a job at a hospital as a nurse's aide so that he could earn money doing what he enjoyed.Now that Pablo has been working at the hospital for a while, he no longer enjoys caring for sick people as much as he did before he took the job.One reason for Pablo's attitude change may be that the job has undermined his ________ for helping others.

Accepted Answer

A)  intrinsic motivation 
B)  extrinsic motivation 
C)  external justification 
D)  internal justification 
A)  intrinsic motivation 
B)  extrinsic motivation 
C)  external justification 
D)  internal justification

Question 6

According to information presented in the textbook, researchers found that in order to feel more optimistic about their own futures, cancer patients engage in

Accepted Answer

A)  upward social comparison. 
B)  impression management. 
C)  reconstructive memory. 
D)  downward social comparison. 
A)  upward social comparison. 
B)  impression management. 
C)  reconstructive memory. 
D)  downward social comparison.

Question 7

Who is likely to feel best about herself?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mary Ann, who compares her tennis skills to her those of her older sister, who's also on the team 
B)  Lori, who compares her cooking skills as a thirty-year-old to those she had just after college 
C)  April, who compares her number of graduate school acceptances to that of her roommate, who has a similar number of acceptances 
D)  Vera, who compares the number of sit-ups she can do with the number she would like to do 
A)  Mary Ann, who compares her tennis skills to her those of her older sister, who's also on the team 
B)  Lori, who compares her cooking skills as a thirty-year-old to those she had just after college 
C)  April, who compares her number of graduate school acceptances to that of her roommate, who has a similar number of acceptances 
D)  Vera, who compares the number of sit-ups she can do with the number she would like to do

Question 8

Michelle is going to be rewarded for completing a task, no matter how well (or poorly) it is done.This is the best definition of

Accepted Answer

A) reinforcement. 
B) task-contingent rewards. 
C) intrinsic motivation. 
D) performance-contingent rewards. 
A) reinforcement. 
B) task-contingent rewards. 
C) intrinsic motivation. 
D) performance-contingent rewards.

Question 9

According to research on the overjustification effect, why would high course grades be very unlikely to undermine intrinsic motivation to learn? Grades

Accepted Answer

A)  aren't important to some students. 
B)  are based on course performance. 
C)  are based on both skill and motivation. 
D)  cause students to become anxious. 
A)  aren't important to some students. 
B)  are based on course performance. 
C)  are based on both skill and motivation. 
D)  cause students to become anxious.

Question 10

Describe what a fixed versus a growth mindset is.Which mindset is more likely to lead to subsequent success after a failure experience? Why?

Accepted Answer

A fixed mindset is the idea that our abi

Question 11

Which of the following is the best example of the self-control function of the self?

Accepted Answer

A) making a good first impression 
B) justifying why you spent so much money on your new cell phone 
C) thinking about what kind of person you really are 
D) making a plan about how to study and succeed academically 
A) making a good first impression 
B) justifying why you spent so much money on your new cell phone 
C) thinking about what kind of person you really are 
D) making a plan about how to study and succeed academically

Question 12

Describe what advice you can give first-year students about increasing their self-control, based on research in this chapter.

Accepted Answer

Research evidence says that practicing s

Question 13

Consider the following self-description: "It's important to me to make others happy.I work hard to cooperate with others, and seldom get into arguments.My friends are more important to me than my professional success." A(n) ________ is most likely to have provided such a self-description.

Accepted Answer

A)  teacher living in Berlin, Germany 
B)  professor living in Minneapolis, Minnesota 
C)  executive living in Tokyo, Japan 
D)  writer living in Paris, France 
A)  teacher living in Berlin, Germany 
B)  professor living in Minneapolis, Minnesota 
C)  executive living in Tokyo, Japan 
D)  writer living in Paris, France

Question 14

Which of the following situations best exemplifies the misattribution of arousal?

Accepted Answer

A)  You ask for second helpings and infer that you must have been really hungry. 
B)  You just got a huge raise at your part-time restaurant job and now you find the customers less enjoyable than before. 
C)  You are exhausted after an all-nighter, take two caffeine tabs to stay awake, and panic when you see the content of your psychology exam. 
D)  You were rejected from a law school to which your friend was admitted, so you feel resentful of her success. 
A)  You ask for second helpings and infer that you must have been really hungry. 
B)  You just got a huge raise at your part-time restaurant job and now you find the customers less enjoyable than before. 
C)  You are exhausted after an all-nighter, take two caffeine tabs to stay awake, and panic when you see the content of your psychology exam. 
D)  You were rejected from a law school to which your friend was admitted, so you feel resentful of her success.

Question 15

Suppose that Lauren has always wanted to go out with Sam.She calls him up and asks him to go to a movie with her, and he accepts enthusiastically.Under which of the following conditions will she experience the most joy?

Accepted Answer

A)  She has just walked in the door after going for a long run, and knows that she is still aroused from the exercise. 
B)  She had taken some allergy medicine that, unknown to her, causes mild arousal. 
C)  She had taken some allergy medicine that she knows causes mild arousal. 
D)  She had taken some allergy medicine that, unknown to her, causes relaxation and sleepiness. 
A)  She has just walked in the door after going for a long run, and knows that she is still aroused from the exercise. 
B)  She had taken some allergy medicine that, unknown to her, causes mild arousal. 
C)  She had taken some allergy medicine that she knows causes mild arousal. 
D)  She had taken some allergy medicine that, unknown to her, causes relaxation and sleepiness.

Question 16

The principal of a local elementary school plans to implement a "Reading for Cash" program, whereby children would be given cash rewards for reading.Before investing in this plan, the principal asks for your assessment.Because ________ tend to ________, you would probably tell her that the program would not be an effective way to increase interest in reading.

Accepted Answer

A)  external rewards; reduce any inherent intrinsic interest 
B)  external rewards; increase any inherent intrinsic interest 
C)  any forms of encouragement; reduce intrinsic motivation 
D)  intrinsic interests; weaken over time regardless of incentives 
A)  external rewards; reduce any inherent intrinsic interest 
B)  external rewards; increase any inherent intrinsic interest 
C)  any forms of encouragement; reduce intrinsic motivation 
D)  intrinsic interests; weaken over time regardless of incentives

Question 17

When people in Western cultures learn about the interdependent view of the self and people in Asian cultures learn of the independent view of the self, what is the typical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) "Of course, they are so similar, it's easy to understand." 
B) Many decide to change their view of self and "convert" to the view held by the other culture. 
C) Many wish to promote a vision of a unified intradependent view of the self. 
D) Many have difficulty understanding how the others could view the world in such a way. 
A) "Of course, they are so similar, it's easy to understand." 
B) Many decide to change their view of self and "convert" to the view held by the other culture. 
C) Many wish to promote a vision of a unified intradependent view of the self. 
D) Many have difficulty understanding how the others could view the world in such a way.

Question 18

Complete the following analogy.Behavioral self-handicapping: ________ :: reported self-handicapping: ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  using drugs and alcohol; blaming bad mood and test anxiety 
B)  blaming bad mood and test anxiety; using drugs and alcohol 
C)  being a narcissist; being a non-narcissist 
D)  being a non-narcissist; being a narcissist 
A)  using drugs and alcohol; blaming bad mood and test anxiety 
B)  blaming bad mood and test anxiety; using drugs and alcohol 
C)  being a narcissist; being a non-narcissist 
D)  being a non-narcissist; being a narcissist

Question 19

If you are experiencing physiological arousal (heart pounding, feeling warm and a bit shaky), according to the two-factor theory of emotion, what would you do next to provide an interpretation of the arousal?

Accepted Answer

A)  look for cues from the environment 
B)  introspect 
C)  use self-awareness 
D)  recall the last time you consumed caffeine 
A)  look for cues from the environment 
B)  introspect 
C)  use self-awareness 
D)  recall the last time you consumed caffeine

Question 20

Upward social comparison is to ________ as downward social comparison is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) superior; equal 
B) inferior; equal 
C) equal; inferior 
D) superior; inferior 
A) superior; equal 
B) inferior; equal 
C) equal; inferior 
D) superior; inferior

________ refers to the process of looking inward and examining our thoughts, feelings, and motives.

Mariana wonders whether she has the potential to become a first-rate social psychologist.To assess her potential, she would most likely compare herself to

Why would cognitive attributional processes be involved in helping us label emotions?

Reading programs that are intended to encourage children to read more by paying them to read books is an example of using

According to information presented in the textbook, researchers found that in order to feel more optimistic about their own futures, cancer patients engage in

Who is likely to feel best about herself?

Michelle is going to be rewarded for completing a task, no matter how well (or poorly) it is done.This is the best definition of

According to research on the overjustification effect, why would high course grades be very unlikely to undermine intrinsic motivation to learn? Grades

Describe what a fixed versus a growth mindset is.Which mindset is more likely to lead to subsequent success after a failure experience? Why?

Which of the following is the best example of the self-control function of the self?

Describe what advice you can give first-year students about increasing their self-control, based on research in this chapter.

Consider the following self-description: "It's important to me to make others happy.I work hard to cooperate with others, and seldom get into arguments.My friends are more important to me than my professional success." A(n) ________ is most likely to have provided such a self-description.

Which of the following situations best exemplifies the misattribution of arousal?

Suppose that Lauren has always wanted to go out with Sam.She calls him up and asks him to go to a movie with her, and he accepts enthusiastically.Under which of the following conditions will she experience the most joy?

When people in Western cultures learn about the interdependent view of the self and people in Asian cultures learn of the independent view of the self, what is the typical reaction?

Complete the following analogy.Behavioral self-handicapping: :: reported self-handicapping: .

If you are experiencing physiological arousal (heart pounding, feeling warm and a bit shaky), according to the two-factor theory of emotion, what would you do next to provide an interpretation of the arousal?

Upward social comparison is to as downward social comparison is to .

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It

Prejudice: Causes Consequences and Cures

Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future

Social Psychology and Health

Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Exam 5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

________ refers to the process of looking inward and examining our thoughts, feelings, and motives.

Mariana wonders whether she has the potential to become a first-rate social psychologist.To assess her potential, she would most likely compare herself to

Why would cognitive attributional processes be involved in helping us label emotions?

Reading programs that are intended to encourage children to read more by paying them to read books is an example of using

According to information presented in the textbook, researchers found that in order to feel more optimistic about their own futures, cancer patients engage in

Who is likely to feel best about herself?

Michelle is going to be rewarded for completing a task, no matter how well (or poorly) it is done.This is the best definition of

According to research on the overjustification effect, why would high course grades be very unlikely to undermine intrinsic motivation to learn? Grades

Describe what a fixed versus a growth mindset is.Which mindset is more likely to lead to subsequent success after a failure experience? Why?

Which of the following is the best example of the self-control function of the self?

Describe what advice you can give first-year students about increasing their self-control, based on research in this chapter.

Consider the following self-description: "It's important to me to make others happy.I work hard to cooperate with others, and seldom get into arguments.My friends are more important to me than my professional success." A(n) ________ is most likely to have provided such a self-description.

Which of the following situations best exemplifies the misattribution of arousal?

Suppose that Lauren has always wanted to go out with Sam.She calls him up and asks him to go to a movie with her, and he accepts enthusiastically.Under which of the following conditions will she experience the most joy?

When people in Western cultures learn about the interdependent view of the self and people in Asian cultures learn of the independent view of the self, what is the typical reaction?

Complete the following analogy.Behavioral self-handicapping: ________ :: reported self-handicapping: ________.

If you are experiencing physiological arousal (heart pounding, feeling warm and a bit shaky), according to the two-factor theory of emotion, what would you do next to provide an interpretation of the arousal?

Upward social comparison is to ________ as downward social comparison is to ________.

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It

Prejudice: Causes Consequences and Cures

Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future

Social Psychology and Health

Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Complete the following analogy.Behavioral self-handicapping: :: reported self-handicapping: .

Upward social comparison is to as downward social comparison is to .