Exam 11: Unions and Industrial Relations

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The "free rider" problem refers to the situation where workers benefit from the collective bargaining and representation efforts of a union without actually joining or financially supporting the union. This can create a dilemma for workers who may feel that they can benefit from the union's work without having to contribute to its efforts, leading to a lack of incentive for them to join or support the union.

On the other hand, the "exit vs. voice" methods refer to the choices that workers have when expressing discontent with unsatisfactory working conditions and employment contracts. The "exit" method involves workers leaving their current job in search of better opportunities elsewhere, while the "voice" method involves workers using their collective bargaining power through a union to negotiate for better working conditions and contracts.

Workers facing these dilemmas must weigh the potential benefits of joining a union and becoming an activist, such as improved working conditions and better job security, against the potential costs, such as union dues and the risk of retaliation from employers. Ultimately, the decision to join a union and become an activist is a personal one that requires careful consideration of the potential risks and rewards.