Question 1

A side chain on an amino acid is sometimes called

Accepted Answer

A)  fibrous or globular. 
B)  a polypeptide chain. 
C)  an R group. 
D)  an isozyme. 
E)  nucleic acid. 
A)  fibrous or globular. 
B)  a polypeptide chain. 
C)  an R group. 
D)  an isozyme. 
E)  nucleic acid. C

Question 2

When placed in water, an inorganic compound dissociates 99 percent, forming hydrogen ions and anions. Thiscompound would be a

Accepted Answer

A)  strong base. 
B)  weak base. 
C)  strong acid. 
D)  weak acid. 
E)  salt. 
A)  strong base. 
B)  weak base. 
C)  strong acid. 
D)  weak acid. 
E)  salt. C

Question 3

Which of the following is/are needed to form a triglyceride molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 glycerol molecules 
B)  1 glycerol molecule 
C)  3 fatty acid molecules 
D)  3 glycerol molecules and 3 fatty acid molecules 
E)  3 fatty acid molecules and 1 glycerol molecule 
A)  3 glycerol molecules 
B)  1 glycerol molecule 
C)  3 fatty acid molecules 
D)  3 glycerol molecules and 3 fatty acid molecules 
E)  3 fatty acid molecules and 1 glycerol molecule E

Question 4

In-Text Figure Based Questions
-What makes fatty acid 3 an unsaturated fatty acid? (Figure 2-17)

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of only single covalent bonds 
B)  the presence of a double covalent bond 
C)  the presence of an ionic bond 
D)  the presence of a hydrogen bond 
E)  the presence of a triple covalent bond 
A)  the presence of only single covalent bonds 
B)  the presence of a double covalent bond 
C)  the presence of an ionic bond 
D)  the presence of a hydrogen bond 
E)  the presence of a triple covalent bond

Question 5

Molecules with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate group that form biological membranes are called

Accepted Answer

A)  diglycerides. 
B)  disaccharides. 
C)  dipeptides. 
D)  prostaglandins. 
E)  phospholipids. 
A)  diglycerides. 
B)  disaccharides. 
C)  dipeptides. 
D)  prostaglandins. 
E)  phospholipids.

Question 6

In-Text Figure Based Questions
-How many atoms are shown in each glucose structure? (Figure 2-12)

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  10 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  10

Question 7

Chemical reactions that occur in the body are accelerated by

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamins. 
B)  cofactors. 
C)  hormones. 
D)  electrons. 
E)  enzymes. 
A)  vitamins. 
B)  cofactors. 
C)  hormones. 
D)  electrons. 
E)  enzymes.

Question 8

A functional group is best described as reoccurring clusters of

Accepted Answer

A)  elements that occur in a salt and that can neither be hydrolyzed nor dehydrated. 
B)  atoms that form the main reactive area for a particular compound. 
C)  atoms that function in the body even if temperatures and pH reach extreme values. 
D)  elements that form at high pH and who can successfully resist the action of buffers. 
E)  amino acids in a globular protein such as hemoglobin, immunoglobulins, and albumins. 
A)  elements that occur in a salt and that can neither be hydrolyzed nor dehydrated. 
B)  atoms that form the main reactive area for a particular compound. 
C)  atoms that function in the body even if temperatures and pH reach extreme values. 
D)  elements that form at high pH and who can successfully resist the action of buffers. 
E)  amino acids in a globular protein such as hemoglobin, immunoglobulins, and albumins.

Question 9

The reaction HCl + NaOH ? H2O + NaCl is what type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  decomposition 
B)  exchange 
C)  hydrolysis 
D)  synthesis 
E)  reversible 
A)  decomposition 
B)  exchange 
C)  hydrolysis 
D)  synthesis 
E)  reversible

Question 10

A polysaccharide that is formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is

Accepted Answer

A)  lactose. 
B)  cellulose. 
C)  glycogen. 
D)  sucrose. 
E)  fructose. 
A)  lactose. 
B)  cellulose. 
C)  glycogen. 
D)  sucrose. 
E)  fructose.

Question 11

In an aqueous solution, cations are attracted toward

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium. 
B)  salt. 
C)  buffers. 
D)  anions. 
E)  hydrogen ions. 
A)  sodium. 
B)  salt. 
C)  buffers. 
D)  anions. 
E)  hydrogen ions.

Question 12

The phosphorylation of adenosine forms

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP. 
B)  ATP. 
C)  AMP. 
D)  2ATP. 
E)  ribose. 
A)  ADP. 
B)  ATP. 
C)  AMP. 
D)  2ATP. 
E)  ribose.

Question 13

Which of the following functional groups is the phosphate group?

Accepted Answer

A)  -NH2 
B)  -PO4 
C)  -COOH 
D)  -SH 
E)  -OH 
A)  -NH2 
B)  -PO4 
C)  -COOH 
D)  -SH 
E)  -OH

Question 14

Each amino acid differs from another in the

Accepted Answer

A)  number of central carbon atoms. 
B)  size of the amino group. 
C)  number of carboxyl groups. 
D)  nature of the side chain. 
E)  number of peptide bonds in the molecule. 
A)  number of central carbon atoms. 
B)  size of the amino group. 
C)  number of carboxyl groups. 
D)  nature of the side chain. 
E)  number of peptide bonds in the molecule.

Question 15

The energy of motion is

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetic energy. 
B)  heat energy. 
C)  light energy. 
D)  potential energy. 
E)  dark energy. 
A)  kinetic energy. 
B)  heat energy. 
C)  light energy. 
D)  potential energy. 
E)  dark energy.

Question 16

In the body, inorganic compounds

Accepted Answer

A)  can serve as buffers. 
B)  can make up proteins. 
C)  are made from organic compounds. 
D)  are structural components of cells. 
E)  are metabolized for cellular energy. 
A)  can serve as buffers. 
B)  can make up proteins. 
C)  are made from organic compounds. 
D)  are structural components of cells. 
E)  are metabolized for cellular energy.

Question 17

Fructose is

Accepted Answer

A)  a hexose. 
B)  an isomer of glucose. 
C)  found in male reproductive fluids. 
D)  a carbohydrate. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  a hexose. 
B)  an isomer of glucose. 
C)  found in male reproductive fluids. 
D)  a carbohydrate. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 18

The monomers of protein are

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  fatty acids. 
C)  amino acids. 
D)  nucleotides. 
E)  nitrogen base. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  fatty acids. 
C)  amino acids. 
D)  nucleotides. 
E)  nitrogen base.

Question 19

The smallest stable units of matter are

Accepted Answer

A)  atoms. 
B)  molecules. 
C)  protons. 
D)  neutrons. 
E)  electrons. 
A)  atoms. 
B)  molecules. 
C)  protons. 
D)  neutrons. 
E)  electrons.

Question 20

Nonpolar organic molecules are good examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  electrolytes. 
B)  molecules that will dissociate when placed into water. 
C)  hydrophobic compounds. 
D)  hydrophilic compounds. 
E)  solutes. 
A)  electrolytes. 
B)  molecules that will dissociate when placed into water. 
C)  hydrophobic compounds. 
D)  hydrophilic compounds. 
E)  solutes.

Exam 2: The Chemical Level of Organization

A side chain on an amino acid is sometimes called

When placed in water, an inorganic compound dissociates 99 percent, forming hydrogen ions and anions. Thiscompound would be a

Which of the following is/are needed to form a triglyceride molecule?

In-Text Figure Based Questions -What makes fatty acid 3 an unsaturated fatty acid? (Figure 2-17)

Molecules with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate group that form biological membranes are called

In-Text Figure Based Questions -How many atoms are shown in each glucose structure? (Figure 2-12)

Chemical reactions that occur in the body are accelerated by

A functional group is best described as reoccurring clusters of

The reaction HCl + NaOH ? H2O + NaCl is what type of reaction?

A polysaccharide that is formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is

In an aqueous solution, cations are attracted toward

The phosphorylation of adenosine forms

Which of the following functional groups is the phosphate group?

Each amino acid differs from another in the

The energy of motion is

In the body, inorganic compounds

Fructose is

The monomers of protein are

The smallest stable units of matter are

Nonpolar organic molecules are good examples of

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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