Question 1

T Lymphocytes are produced and stored in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  the thymus. 
B)  lymphatic nodules. 
C)  lymph node organs. 
D)  the spleen. 
E)  the brain. 
A)  the thymus. 
B)  lymphatic nodules. 
C)  lymph node organs. 
D)  the spleen. 
E)  the brain. E

Question 2

The process by which the surface of a microorganism is covered with antibodies and complement, rendering it more likely to be phagocytized, is called

Accepted Answer

A)  opsonization. 
B)  activation. 
C)  agglutination. 
D)  precipitation. 
E)  neutralization. 
A)  opsonization. 
B)  activation. 
C)  agglutination. 
D)  precipitation. 
E)  neutralization. A

Question 3

Interferons

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent viruses from leaving a cell. 
B)  prevent viruses from entering a cell. 
C)  bind to viruses and destroy them. 
D)  interfere with viral replication. 
E)  reduce macrophage chemotaxis to the infection. 
A)  prevent viruses from leaving a cell. 
B)  prevent viruses from entering a cell. 
C)  bind to viruses and destroy them. 
D)  interfere with viral replication. 
E)  reduce macrophage chemotaxis to the infection. D

Question 4

The body's innate defenses include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  the skin. 
B)  complement. 
C)  interferon. 
D)  inflammation. 
E)  antibodies. 
A)  the skin. 
B)  complement. 
C)  interferon. 
D)  inflammation. 
E)  antibodies.

Question 5

The first line of cellular defense against pathogens are the

Accepted Answer

A)  T cells. 
B)  B cells. 
C)  NK cells. 
D)  phagocytes. 
E)  plasma cells. 
A)  T cells. 
B)  B cells. 
C)  NK cells. 
D)  phagocytes. 
E)  plasma cells.

Question 6

An inflammatory response is triggered when

Accepted Answer

A)  red blood cells release pyrogens. 
B)  T cells release interferon. 
C)  mast cells release histamine and heparin. 
D)  neutrophils phagocytize bacteria. 
E)  blood flow to an area increases. 
A)  red blood cells release pyrogens. 
B)  T cells release interferon. 
C)  mast cells release histamine and heparin. 
D)  neutrophils phagocytize bacteria. 
E)  blood flow to an area increases.

Question 7

The process by which antibodies bind to the antigen on the surface of cells, forming large immune complexes, is called

Accepted Answer

A)  opsonization. 
B)  activation. 
C)  agglutination. 
D)  precipitation. 
E)  neutralization. 
A)  opsonization. 
B)  activation. 
C)  agglutination. 
D)  precipitation. 
E)  neutralization.

Question 8

The various classes of immunoglobulins are differentiated on the basis of their

Accepted Answer

A)  asymmetry. 
B)  antigen specificity. 
C)  light-chain variable segments. 
D)  heavy-chain constant segments. 
E)  reactivity. 
A)  asymmetry. 
B)  antigen specificity. 
C)  light-chain variable segments. 
D)  heavy-chain constant segments. 
E)  reactivity.

Question 9

You are a researcher interested in studying the cytoskeleton. How can you use antibodies to locate actin-and tubulin-containing structures?

Accepted Answer

Since those cytoskeletal components are

Question 10

All of the following are true of the primary response of humoral immunity except that

Accepted Answer

A)  it depends on antigen triggering the appropriate B cell. 
B)  it requires B cell differentiation into plasma cells. 
C)  it depends on memory B cells. 
D)  circulating antibodies undergo a gradual, sustained rise. 
E)  it peaks 1 to 2 weeks after the initial exposure. 
A)  it depends on antigen triggering the appropriate B cell. 
B)  it requires B cell differentiation into plasma cells. 
C)  it depends on memory B cells. 
D)  circulating antibodies undergo a gradual, sustained rise. 
E)  it peaks 1 to 2 weeks after the initial exposure.

Question 11

Immunity that is genetically determined and present at birth is called ________ immunity.

Accepted Answer

A)  active 
B)  natural passive 
C)  passive 
D)  auto 
E)  innate 
A)  active 
B)  natural passive 
C)  passive 
D)  auto 
E)  innate

Question 12

Stem cells that can form all types of lymphocytes are concentrated in the

Accepted Answer

A)  circulation. 
B)  thymus. 
C)  red bone marrow. 
D)  spleen. 
E)  yellow marrow. 
A)  circulation. 
B)  thymus. 
C)  red bone marrow. 
D)  spleen. 
E)  yellow marrow.

Question 13

All of the following are true of the secondary response of humoral immunity except that it

Accepted Answer

A)  depends on memory B cells. 
B)  results in much higher antibody titers than in the primary response. 
C)  results in much quicker rise in antibody titers. 
D)  produces more effective antibodies. 
E)  weakens quickly because memory B cells only survive for a year or two. 
A)  depends on memory B cells. 
B)  results in much higher antibody titers than in the primary response. 
C)  results in much quicker rise in antibody titers. 
D)  produces more effective antibodies. 
E)  weakens quickly because memory B cells only survive for a year or two.

Question 14

The process by which antibodies bind to antigenic sites on viruses or toxins, rendering them incapableofbinding to other cells, is called

Accepted Answer

A)  opsonization. 
B)  activation. 
C)  agglutination. 
D)  precipitation. 
E)  neutralization. 
A)  opsonization. 
B)  activation. 
C)  agglutination. 
D)  precipitation. 
E)  neutralization.

Question 15

Histamine increases blood flow and vascular permeability. This would account for all of the following changes that occur during inflammation except

Accepted Answer

A)  redness of the inflamed tissue. 
B)  chemotaxis of phagocytes. 
C)  heat of the inflamed tissue. 
D)  movement of defense proteins and cells into the interstitial space. 
E)  swelling of the inflamed tissue. 
A)  redness of the inflamed tissue. 
B)  chemotaxis of phagocytes. 
C)  heat of the inflamed tissue. 
D)  movement of defense proteins and cells into the interstitial space. 
E)  swelling of the inflamed tissue.

Question 16

If the thymus shrank and stopped making thymosins, we would expect to see an immediate decrease in the number of

Accepted Answer

A)  B lymphocytes. 
B)  NK cells. 
C)  T cells. 
D)  neutrophils. 
E)  red blood cells. 
A)  B lymphocytes. 
B)  NK cells. 
C)  T cells. 
D)  neutrophils. 
E)  red blood cells.

Question 17

The cells directly responsible for cellular immunity are the ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  dendritic 
B)  plasma 
C)  helper T 
D)  cytotoxic T 
E)  suppressor T 
A)  dendritic 
B)  plasma 
C)  helper T 
D)  cytotoxic T 
E)  suppressor T

Question 18

Stem cells that will form B cells or NK cells are found only in the

Accepted Answer

A)  red bone marrow. 
B)  liver. 
C)  spleen. 
D)  thymus. 
E)  kidneys. 
A)  red bone marrow. 
B)  liver. 
C)  spleen. 
D)  thymus. 
E)  kidneys.

Question 19

Helper T cells do all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  trigger B-cell division, plasma cell maturation, and antibody production. 
B)  provide a rapid response to a future exposure to the antigen. 
C)  enhance production of memory and cytotoxic T cells. 
D)  attract macrophages to the affected area. 
E)  enhance nonspecific defenses. 
A)  trigger B-cell division, plasma cell maturation, and antibody production. 
B)  provide a rapid response to a future exposure to the antigen. 
C)  enhance production of memory and cytotoxic T cells. 
D)  attract macrophages to the affected area. 
E)  enhance nonspecific defenses.

Question 20

Compared to blood capillaries, lymph capillaries exhibit all of the following except that they

Accepted Answer

A)  have no basement membrane. 
B)  have only a tunica interna. 
C)  have walls of endothelial cells that overlap like shingles. 
D)  are smaller in diameter. 
E)  are frequently irregular in shape. 
A)  have no basement membrane. 
B)  have only a tunica interna. 
C)  have walls of endothelial cells that overlap like shingles. 
D)  are smaller in diameter. 
E)  are frequently irregular in shape.

Exam 22: The Lymphatic System and Immunity

T Lymphocytes are produced and stored in all of the following except

The process by which the surface of a microorganism is covered with antibodies and complement, rendering it more likely to be phagocytized, is called

Interferons

The body's innate defenses include all of the following except

The first line of cellular defense against pathogens are the

An inflammatory response is triggered when

The process by which antibodies bind to the antigen on the surface of cells, forming large immune complexes, is called

The various classes of immunoglobulins are differentiated on the basis of their

You are a researcher interested in studying the cytoskeleton. How can you use antibodies to locate actin-and tubulin-containing structures?

All of the following are true of the primary response of humoral immunity except that

Immunity that is genetically determined and present at birth is called ________ immunity.

Stem cells that can form all types of lymphocytes are concentrated in the

All of the following are true of the secondary response of humoral immunity except that it

The process by which antibodies bind to antigenic sites on viruses or toxins, rendering them incapableofbinding to other cells, is called

Histamine increases blood flow and vascular permeability. This would account for all of the following changes that occur during inflammation except

If the thymus shrank and stopped making thymosins, we would expect to see an immediate decrease in the number of

The cells directly responsible for cellular immunity are the ________ cells.

Stem cells that will form B cells or NK cells are found only in the

Helper T cells do all of the following except

Compared to blood capillaries, lymph capillaries exhibit all of the following except that they

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

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