Question 1

Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue system?

Accepted Answer

A) root hair-dermal tissue 
B) palisade mesophyll-ground tissue 
C) guard cell-dermal tissue 
D) companion cell-ground tissue 
E) tracheid-vascular tissue 
A) root hair-dermal tissue 
B) palisade mesophyll-ground tissue 
C) guard cell-dermal tissue 
D) companion cell-ground tissue 
E) tracheid-vascular tissue D

Question 2

A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What type of cells are these?

Accepted Answer

A) parenchyma 
B) xylem 
C) endodermis 
D) collenchyma 
E) sclerenchyma 
A) parenchyma 
B) xylem 
C) endodermis 
D) collenchyma 
E) sclerenchyma A

Question 3

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2.
   
Figure 35.2
-Suppose George Washington completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. The leaves retained their normal appearance for several weeks, but the tree eventually died. The tissue(s)that George left functional was (were)the

Accepted Answer

A) phloem. 
B) xylem. 
C) cork cambium. 
D) cortex. 
E) companion and sieve-tube members. 
A) phloem. 
B) xylem. 
C) cork cambium. 
D) cortex. 
E) companion and sieve-tube members. B

Question 4

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

Accepted Answer

A) taproots 
B) root hairs 
C) the thick parts of the roots near the base of the stem 
D) storage roots 
E) sections of the root that have secondary xylem 
A) taproots 
B) root hairs 
C) the thick parts of the roots near the base of the stem 
D) storage roots 
E) sections of the root that have secondary xylem

Question 5

CO2 enters the inner the inner spaces of the leaf through the

Accepted Answer

A) cuticle. 
B) epidermal trichomes. 
C) stoma. 
D) phloem. 
E) walls of guard cells. 
A) cuticle. 
B) epidermal trichomes. 
C) stoma. 
D) phloem. 
E) walls of guard cells.

Question 6

A vessel element would likely lose its protoplast in which section of a root?

Accepted Answer

A) zone of cell division 
B) zone of elongation 
C) zone of maturation 
D) root cap 
E) apical meristem 
A) zone of cell division 
B) zone of elongation 
C) zone of maturation 
D) root cap 
E) apical meristem

Question 7

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2.
   
Figure 35.2
-What tissue makes up most of the wood of a tree?

Accepted Answer

A) primary xylem 
B) secondary xylem 
C) secondary phloem 
D) mesophyll cells 
E) vascular cambium 
A) primary xylem 
B) secondary xylem 
C) secondary phloem 
D) mesophyll cells 
E) vascular cambium

Question 8

For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship. (A)the thickness of the cell wall of sclerenchyma
(B)the thickness of the cell wall of parenchyma

Accepted Answer

A) Item (
A) is greater than item (
B) . 
B) Item (
A) is less than item (
B) . 
C) Item (
A) is exactly or very approximately equal to item (
B) . 
D) Item (
A) may stand in more than one of the above relations to item (
B) . 
A) Item (
A) is greater than item (
B) . 
B) Item (
A) is less than item (
B) . 
C) Item (
A) is exactly or very approximately equal to item (
B) . 
D) Item (
A) may stand in more than one of the above relations to item (
B) .

Question 9

In a root, a vessel element completes its development in which area of growth?

Accepted Answer

A) zone of cell division 
B) zone of elongation 
C) zone of differentiation 
D) root cap 
E) apical meristem 
A) zone of cell division 
B) zone of elongation 
C) zone of differentiation 
D) root cap 
E) apical meristem

Question 10

Based on the ABC model, what would be the structure of a flower that had normal expression of genes A and C and expression of gene B in all four whorls?

Accepted Answer

A) carpel-petal-petal-carpel 
B) stamen-stamen-petal-petal 
C) sepal- carpel-carpel-sepal 
D) sepal-sepal-carpel-carpel 
E) carpel-carpel-carpel-carpel 
A) carpel-petal-petal-carpel 
B) stamen-stamen-petal-petal 
C) sepal- carpel-carpel-sepal 
D) sepal-sepal-carpel-carpel 
E) carpel-carpel-carpel-carpel

Question 11

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2.
   
Figure 35.2
-Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as

Accepted Answer

A) dermal and ground tissue. 
B) lateral tissues. 
C) pith. 
D) secondary tissues. 
E) shoots and roots. 
A) dermal and ground tissue. 
B) lateral tissues. 
C) pith. 
D) secondary tissues. 
E) shoots and roots.

Question 12

Land plants are composed of all the following tissue types except

Accepted Answer

A) mesodermal. 
B) epidermal. 
C) meristematic. 
D) vascular. 
E) ground tissue. 
A) mesodermal. 
B) epidermal. 
C) meristematic. 
D) vascular. 
E) ground tissue.

Question 13

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2.
   
Figure 35.2
-Which of the following is True of bark?

Accepted Answer

A) It is composed of phloem plus periderm. 
B) It is associated with annuals but not perennials. 
C) It is formed by the apical meristems. 
D) It has no identifiable function in trees. 
E) It forms annual rings in deciduous trees. 
A) It is composed of phloem plus periderm. 
B) It is associated with annuals but not perennials. 
C) It is formed by the apical meristems. 
D) It has no identifiable function in trees. 
E) It forms annual rings in deciduous trees.

Question 14

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2.
   
Figure 35.2
-A mutation allows only A gene activity in a developing flower. Which flower part(s)will develop in this plant?

Accepted Answer

A) sepals. 
B) petals 
C) stamens 
D) carpels 
E) both sepals and petals. 
A) sepals. 
B) petals 
C) stamens 
D) carpels 
E) both sepals and petals.

Question 15

__________ is to xylem as __________ is to phloem.

Accepted Answer

A) Sclerenchyma cell; parenchyma cell 
B) Apical meristem; vascular cambium 
C) Vessel element; sieve-tube member 
D) Cortex; pith 
E) Vascular cambium; cork cambium 
A) Sclerenchyma cell; parenchyma cell 
B) Apical meristem; vascular cambium 
C) Vessel element; sieve-tube member 
D) Cortex; pith 
E) Vascular cambium; cork cambium

Question 16

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2.
   
Figure 35.2
-Which of the following statements is False?

Accepted Answer

A) A preprophase band determines where a cell plate will form in a dividing cell. 
B) The way in which a plant cell differentiates is determined by the cell's position in the developing plant body. 
C) Homeotic genes often control morphogenesis. 
D) Plant cells differentiate because the cytoskeleton determines which genes will be turned "on" and "off." 
E) Arabidopsis was the first plant to have its genome sequenced. 
A) A preprophase band determines where a cell plate will form in a dividing cell. 
B) The way in which a plant cell differentiates is determined by the cell's position in the developing plant body. 
C) Homeotic genes often control morphogenesis. 
D) Plant cells differentiate because the cytoskeleton determines which genes will be turned "on" and "off." 
E) Arabidopsis was the first plant to have its genome sequenced.

Question 17

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2.
   
Figure 35.2
-Which of the following is a True statement?

Accepted Answer

A) Flowers may have secondary growth. 
B) Secondary growth is a common feature of eudicot leaves. 
C) Secondary growth is produced by both the vascular cambium and the cork cambium. 
D) Primary growth and secondary growth alternate in the life cycle of a plant. 
E) Plants with secondary growth are typically the smallest ones in an ecosystem. 
A) Flowers may have secondary growth. 
B) Secondary growth is a common feature of eudicot leaves. 
C) Secondary growth is produced by both the vascular cambium and the cork cambium. 
D) Primary growth and secondary growth alternate in the life cycle of a plant. 
E) Plants with secondary growth are typically the smallest ones in an ecosystem.

Question 18

Which of the following have thick, lignified walls that help support mature, nongrowing parts of the plant?

Accepted Answer

A) parenchyma cells 
B) collenchyma cells 
C) clerenchyma cells 
D) tracheids and vessel elements 
E) sieve-tube elements 
A) parenchyma cells 
B) collenchyma cells 
C) clerenchyma cells 
D) tracheids and vessel elements 
E) sieve-tube elements

Question 19

For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship. (A)the number of vessel elements in a eudicot root cap
(B)the number of vessel elements in a eudicot stem

Accepted Answer

A) Item (
A) is greater than item (
B) . 
B) Item (
A) is less than item (
B) . 
C) Item (
A) is exactly or very approximately equal to item (
B) . 
D) Item (
A) may stand in more than one of the above relations to item (
B) . 
A) Item (
A) is greater than item (
B) . 
B) Item (
A) is less than item (
B) . 
C) Item (
A) is exactly or very approximately equal to item (
B) . 
D) Item (
A) may stand in more than one of the above relations to item (
B) .

Question 20

The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by

Accepted Answer

A) a change in the morphology of the leaves produced. 
B) the initiation of secondary growth. 
C) the formation of lateral roots. 
D) a change in the orientation of preprophase bands and cytoplasmic microtubules in lateral meristems. 
E) the activation of floral meristem identity genes. 
A) a change in the morphology of the leaves produced. 
B) the initiation of secondary growth. 
C) the formation of lateral roots. 
D) a change in the orientation of preprophase bands and cytoplasmic microtubules in lateral meristems. 
E) the activation of floral meristem identity genes.

Exam 35: Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue system?

A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What type of cells are these?

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

CO2 enters the inner the inner spaces of the leaf through the

A vessel element would likely lose its protoplast in which section of a root?

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2. Figure 35.2 -What tissue makes up most of the wood of a tree?

For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship. (A)the thickness of the cell wall of sclerenchyma (B)the thickness of the cell wall of parenchyma

In a root, a vessel element completes its development in which area of growth?

Based on the ABC model, what would be the structure of a flower that had normal expression of genes A and C and expression of gene B in all four whorls?

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2. Figure 35.2 -Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as

Land plants are composed of all the following tissue types except

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2. Figure 35.2 -Which of the following is True of bark?

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2. Figure 35.2 -A mutation allows only A gene activity in a developing flower. Which flower part(s)will develop in this plant?

__________ is to xylem as __________ is to phloem.

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2. Figure 35.2 -Which of the following statements is False?

The following questions are based on the drawing of root or stem cross sections shown in Figure 35.2. Figure 35.2 -Which of the following is a True statement?

Which of the following have thick, lignified walls that help support mature, nongrowing parts of the plant?

For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship. (A)the number of vessel elements in a eudicot root cap (B)the number of vessel elements in a eudicot stem

The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and the Fitness of the Environment

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology

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is to xylem as is to phloem.