Exam 7: Experimental and Quasi Experimental Designs

External validity in an experimental design refers to:

What process is accomplished by assigning the odd numbered subjects to the experimental group and the even- numbered subjects to the control group?

The central features of what experiment type include (1)independent and dependent variables,(2)pretesting and posttesting,and (3)experimental and control groups created through random assignment?

Explain the role of randomization in classical experiments.

In a classical experiment the independent variable is the cause and the dependent variable is the ____________________.

In Widom's study of the effects of child abuse and its impact upon later criminal offenses,she selected a sample of children with court records of being abuse victims and gathered a comparison group that was matched on gender,race,age and socioeconomic status.The technique used in this case was:

Dr.Smith was interested in whether there would be a reduction in the number of crimes in the central city once closed-circuit cameras went up and were monitored by police.To accomplish this study Dr.Smith looked at the police records for the four square block area where the cameras were installed each week for six months.Dr.Smith was using what method?

When there is a study of a large number of variables that are associated with a small number of cases or subjects,the researcher is engaged in ____________________ research.

A group of students who completed a research methods class at the local college were given a questionnaire to assess their feelings about the homeless and after were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group.The experimental group was required to volunteer at the local homeless shelter while the control group was not.After one month of volunteering,members of both groups were asked to complete the questionnaire on feelings concerning the homeless again.What type of research design is this?

In social scientific experiments,as in medical experiments,the danger of experimenter bias is further reduced to the extent that the operational definitions of the dependent variables are:

The mere fact that subjects know they are being studied can cause them to change their behavior.This phenomenon is known as the ____________________.

The goal of the classical experiment is for the researcher to:

While the interrupted time series can be used in cause-and-effect studies,it is really useless in applied studies.

___________refers to the ability to take findings from an experiment and apply them to the real world.

When referring to whether results from experiments conducted in one setting would be obtained in other settings,our main concern is one of__________ validity.

The main reason that experiments in criminal justice are so easy to complete is that the researcher need only secure one experimental and one control group for any project.

Identify and discuss at least five threats to internal validity in experimental designs.Include in your answer ways of controlling for each of the threats you identify.

Explain the classical experiment in terms of the following: -Independent and dependent variables -Pre-testing and Post-testing -Experimental and Control groups

Which of the following is accurate?

The main reason why ____________is used to select subjects for control and experimental groups in a classical experiment is that the groups will be statistically equivalent.