Question 1

Accidental spillover of an experimental stimulus to the control group is an example of treatment
____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Accidental spillover of an experimental stimulus to...

Question 2

Give two specific examples of research where a quasi-experimental design would be more appropriate than a classical experiment.Why would each of your examples not fit the classical experiment model?

Accepted Answer

One specific example of research where a

Question 3

Which is accurate concerning the interrupted time-series design?

Accepted Answer

A)  some event stops or interrupts the research 
B)  control group subjects are often envious of the attention the experimental group subjects get and interrupt the study 
C)  makes a long series of observations before and after introducing the experimental treatment 
D)  none of the above are accurate 
A)  some event stops or interrupts the research 
B)  control group subjects are often envious of the attention the experimental group subjects get and interrupt the study 
C)  makes a long series of observations before and after introducing the experimental treatment 
D)  none of the above are accurate

Question 4

The classical experiment makes it possible to satisfy this criterion for cause in two ways.First,the posttest measures for the experimental group (stimulus present)are compared with those for the:

Accepted Answer

A)  control group (stimulus not present) 
B)  random group (stimulus not present) 
C)  variable group (stimulus not present) 
D)  none of the above 
A)  control group (stimulus not present) 
B)  random group (stimulus not present) 
C)  variable group (stimulus not present) 
D)  none of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is not considered a threat to internal validity in an experimental design?

Accepted Answer

A)  maturation 
B)  instrumentation 
C)  randomization 
D)  statistical regression 
A)  maturation 
B)  instrumentation 
C)  randomization 
D)  statistical regression

Question 6

With regard to experimentation and subject selection,what does random assignment serve to eliminate?

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic bias 
B)  false positive results 
C)  experimental morality 
D)  ambiguity 
A)  systematic bias 
B)  false positive results 
C)  experimental morality 
D)  ambiguity

Question 7

To guard against most threats to internal validity in the classical experiment the researcher should:

Accepted Answer

A)  focus upon external validity 
B)  focus upon generalizability 
C)  use random assignment 
D)  put subjects only in experimental groups 
A)  focus upon external validity 
B)  focus upon generalizability 
C)  use random assignment 
D)  put subjects only in experimental groups

Question 8

Which of the following phrases is most true concerning random assignment to groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  "all other things being equal" 
B)  "use your best guess" 
C)  "it is close enough for government work" 
D)  "you are never 100% sure, so don't worry about it" 
A)  "all other things being equal" 
B)  "use your best guess" 
C)  "it is close enough for government work" 
D)  "you are never 100% sure, so don't worry about it"

Question 9

Which of the following statements is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  to guard against the "Hawthorne effect" in medical research scientists will give a placebo to the experimental group 
B)  to guard against the "Hawthorne effect" in medical research scientists will give the experimental group the independent variable 
C)  to guard against the "Hawthorne effect" in medical research scientists will give a placebo to the control group 
D)  there is no way to guard against the "Hawthorne effect" in medical research 
A)  to guard against the "Hawthorne effect" in medical research scientists will give a placebo to the experimental group 
B)  to guard against the "Hawthorne effect" in medical research scientists will give the experimental group the independent variable 
C)  to guard against the "Hawthorne effect" in medical research scientists will give a placebo to the control group 
D)  there is no way to guard against the "Hawthorne effect" in medical research

Question 10

Which of the following would be an example of experimental mortality?

Accepted Answer

A)  a subject deciding that he/she wants to participate 
B)  inmates in an experiment at the state maximum security prison being moved to a minimum state prison 
C)  police officers within one year of retirement participating in a job satisfaction study 
D)  police officers change their behavior during a study because of a new law that was passed 
A)  a subject deciding that he/she wants to participate 
B)  inmates in an experiment at the state maximum security prison being moved to a minimum state prison 
C)  police officers within one year of retirement participating in a job satisfaction study 
D)  police officers change their behavior during a study because of a new law that was passed

Question 11

The independent variable in a classical experiment must be a ratio level variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is least accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimentation is appropriate for hypothesis testing 
B)  experiments are well suited to research involving well-defined concepts 
C)  experiments cannot be used in the study of criminal justice policy because they require a hypothesis to test 
D)  experiments are appropriate for evaluation research 
A)  experimentation is appropriate for hypothesis testing 
B)  experiments are well suited to research involving well-defined concepts 
C)  experiments cannot be used in the study of criminal justice policy because they require a hypothesis to test 
D)  experiments are appropriate for evaluation research

Question 13

An example of variable-oriented research is the_______ design.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An example of variable-oriented research is the_______...

Question 14

Which of the following is not illustrative of the case study method?

Accepted Answer

A)  it is an in-depth analysis of one or a few cases 
B)  the cases can be individuals, groups, organizations or aggregates 
C)  the study can be both qualitative and quantitative 
D)  observing a group who has similar cases in the court systems 
A)  it is an in-depth analysis of one or a few cases 
B)  the cases can be individuals, groups, organizations or aggregates 
C)  the study can be both qualitative and quantitative 
D)  observing a group who has similar cases in the court systems

Question 15

When it is not possible to create groups through randomization,what options do you have for the research design?

Accepted Answer

A)  a classical experiment 
B)  non-equivalent groups 
C)  surveys 
D)  pre and post tests 
A)  a classical experiment 
B)  non-equivalent groups 
C)  surveys 
D)  pre and post tests

Question 16

Graduates majoring in criminal justice and graduates majoring in psychology from the State University were part of a study to assess employment success of those receiving their degrees in May 2002.Six months after graduation a questionnaire was sent out asking about their job seeking success.What type of design is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  a double-blind experiment 
B)  a non-equivalent groups design 
C)  a time-series design 
D)  a cohort design 
A)  a double-blind experiment 
B)  a non-equivalent groups design 
C)  a time-series design 
D)  a cohort design

Question 17

Which example below is not a random assignment to experimental groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  assign numbers to subjects, put corresponding numbers in a hat and pull out numbers, place the first subject in the experimental group and the second subject in the control group and continue until all numbers are used 
B)  ask subjects whether they prefer to be in the experimental group or the control group then assign subjects based on their preference 
C)  flip a coin assigning subjects getting a head to the control group and those getting a tail to the experimental group 
D)  use a random number generator after assigning numbers to your subjects 
A)  assign numbers to subjects, put corresponding numbers in a hat and pull out numbers, place the first subject in the experimental group and the second subject in the control group and continue until all numbers are used 
B)  ask subjects whether they prefer to be in the experimental group or the control group then assign subjects based on their preference 
C)  flip a coin assigning subjects getting a head to the control group and those getting a tail to the experimental group 
D)  use a random number generator after assigning numbers to your subjects

Question 18

What can help rule out the threats to internal validity in an experimental design?

Accepted Answer

A)  proper selection and assignment of subjects to groups 
B)  large sample size 
C)  small sample size 
D)  nothing can rule out threats to internal validity 
A)  proper selection and assignment of subjects to groups 
B)  large sample size 
C)  small sample size 
D)  nothing can rule out threats to internal validity

Question 19

Which of the following is true concerning independent and dependent variables in classical experiments?

Accepted Answer

A)  a variable can be an independent in one experiment and a dependent in another 
B)  once a variable is designated as an independent variable in one experiment, it can never be used as a dependent variable in another 
C)  a classical experiment examines the effect of a dependent variable on an independent variable 
D)  an independent variable in a classical experiment is viewed as the effect because it is dependent upon another variable 
A)  a variable can be an independent in one experiment and a dependent in another 
B)  once a variable is designated as an independent variable in one experiment, it can never be used as a dependent variable in another 
C)  a classical experiment examines the effect of a dependent variable on an independent variable 
D)  an independent variable in a classical experiment is viewed as the effect because it is dependent upon another variable

Question 20

Instead of making one pre-test and one post-test measure the____________ makes a longer series of observations before and after introducing an experimental treatment.

Accepted Answer

interrupte

Accidental spillover of an experimental stimulus to the control group is an example of treatment ____________________.

Give two specific examples of research where a quasi-experimental design would be more appropriate than a classical experiment.Why would each of your examples not fit the classical experiment model?

Which is accurate concerning the interrupted time-series design?

The classical experiment makes it possible to satisfy this criterion for cause in two ways.First,the posttest measures for the experimental group (stimulus present)are compared with those for the:

Which of the following is not considered a threat to internal validity in an experimental design?

With regard to experimentation and subject selection,what does random assignment serve to eliminate?

To guard against most threats to internal validity in the classical experiment the researcher should:

Which of the following phrases is most true concerning random assignment to groups?

Which of the following statements is accurate?

Which of the following would be an example of experimental mortality?

The independent variable in a classical experiment must be a ratio level variable.

Which of the following is least accurate?

An example of variable-oriented research is the_______ design.

Which of the following is not illustrative of the case study method?

When it is not possible to create groups through randomization,what options do you have for the research design?

Which example below is not a random assignment to experimental groups?

What can help rule out the threats to internal validity in an experimental design?

Which of the following is true concerning independent and dependent variables in classical experiments?

Instead of making one pre-test and one post-test measure the____________ makes a longer series of observations before and after introducing an experimental treatment.

Crime Criminal-Justice And-Scientific-Inquiry

Theory and Criminal Justice Research

Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

General Issues In Research Design

Concepts Operationalization And-Measurement

Measuring-Crime

Sampling

Survey Research and Other Ways of Asking Questions

Qualitative-Interviewing

Field-Research

Agency Records Content Analysis And Secondary Data

Evaluation Research and Problem Analysis

Interpreting-Data

Filters

Exam 7: Experimental and Quasi Experimental Designs

Accidental spillover of an experimental stimulus to the control group is an example of treatment ____________________.

Give two specific examples of research where a quasi-experimental design would be more appropriate than a classical experiment.Why would each of your examples not fit the classical experiment model?

Which is accurate concerning the interrupted time-series design?

The classical experiment makes it possible to satisfy this criterion for cause in two ways.First,the posttest measures for the experimental group (stimulus present)are compared with those for the:

Which of the following is not considered a threat to internal validity in an experimental design?

With regard to experimentation and subject selection,what does random assignment serve to eliminate?

To guard against most threats to internal validity in the classical experiment the researcher should:

Which of the following phrases is most true concerning random assignment to groups?

Which of the following statements is accurate?

Which of the following would be an example of experimental mortality?

The independent variable in a classical experiment must be a ratio level variable.

Which of the following is least accurate?

An example of variable-oriented research is the_______ design.

Which of the following is not illustrative of the case study method?

When it is not possible to create groups through randomization,what options do you have for the research design?

Which example below is not a random assignment to experimental groups?

What can help rule out the threats to internal validity in an experimental design?

Which of the following is true concerning independent and dependent variables in classical experiments?

Instead of making one pre-test and one post-test measure the____________ makes a longer series of observations before and after introducing an experimental treatment.

Crime Criminal-Justice And-Scientific-Inquiry

Theory and Criminal Justice Research

Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

General Issues In Research Design

Concepts Operationalization And-Measurement

Measuring-Crime

Sampling

Survey Research and Other Ways of Asking Questions

Qualitative-Interviewing

Field-Research

Agency Records Content Analysis And Secondary Data

Evaluation Research and Problem Analysis

Interpreting-Data

Filters