Question 1

Chemical weathering involves the breakdown of material due to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical breakdown of rock 
B) baking in the hot sun 
C) interaction with molten rock 
D) interaction with water or air 
A) mechanical breakdown of rock 
B) baking in the hot sun 
C) interaction with molten rock 
D) interaction with water or air D

Question 2

Which of the following images does NOT contain sediment?

Accepted Answer

A) Figure A 
B) Figure B 
C) Figure C 
D) Figure D 
A) Figure A 
B) Figure B 
C) Figure C 
D) Figure D D

Question 3

Why does the C-horizon contain little to no organic material?

Accepted Answer

A) Water does not penetrate that far into the ground. 
B) The C-horizon contains toxins from the bedrock. 
C) Plants and animals do not live that far down. 
D) The C-horizon is saturated with water. 
A) Water does not penetrate that far into the ground. 
B) The C-horizon contains toxins from the bedrock. 
C) Plants and animals do not live that far down. 
D) The C-horizon is saturated with water. C

Question 4

The following is a picture of what type of phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) jointing 
B) differential weathering 
C) chemical weathering 
D) hydration 
A) jointing 
B) differential weathering 
C) chemical weathering 
D) hydration

Question 5

Which of the following is a type of physical weathering?

Accepted Answer

A) thermal expansion 
B) dissolution 
C) oxidation 
D) hydration 
A) thermal expansion 
B) dissolution 
C) oxidation 
D) hydration

Question 6

Dissolution occurs when minerals ________.

Accepted Answer

A) are dissolved into water 
B) are turned into rust 
C) absorb water and expand 
D) are removed by frost 
A) are dissolved into water 
B) are turned into rust 
C) absorb water and expand 
D) are removed by frost

Question 7

Large amounts of ________ speed up decomposition and provide more organic material for the soil.

Accepted Answer

A) microbes 
B) sediment 
C) quartz 
D) time 
A) microbes 
B) sediment 
C) quartz 
D) time

Question 8

What are the similarities and differences between physical and chemical weathering.Make sure to address both what is the same and what is different.

Accepted Answer

Physical and chemical weathering are bot

Question 9

Which of the following does NOT affect soil thickness?

Accepted Answer

A) time 
B) types of animals 
C) climate 
D) vegetation type 
A) time 
B) types of animals 
C) climate 
D) vegetation type

Question 10

Soil horizon ___________ contains weathered bedrock that has not yet undergone leaching.

Accepted Answer

A) O 
B) C 
C) E 
D) B 
A) O 
B) C 
C) E 
D) B

Question 11

Label the different soil horizons on the image below,then provide a brief description of each horizon next to the corresponding layer.

Accepted Answer

See image below for correct labels.Soil

Question 12

Soil horizon ________ contains the most organic material.

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) O 
C) B 
D) E 
A) A 
B) O 
C) B 
D) E

Question 13

Why does physical weathering speed up the processes of chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

A) Physical weathering requires abundant water,as does chemical weathering. 
B) Physical weathering produces fresh surfaces for chemical weathering to attack. 
C) Chemical weathering can occur only on small surfaces,not large ones. 
D) Chemical weathering requires salt,which is provided by salt wedging. 
A) Physical weathering requires abundant water,as does chemical weathering. 
B) Physical weathering produces fresh surfaces for chemical weathering to attack. 
C) Chemical weathering can occur only on small surfaces,not large ones. 
D) Chemical weathering requires salt,which is provided by salt wedging.

Question 14

The _______-horizon contains abundant sediment.

Accepted Answer

A) O 
B) A 
C) B 
D) C 
A) O 
B) A 
C) B 
D) C

Question 15

Describe the difference between sediment and soil.

Accepted Answer

Sediment consists of loose broken rock,m

Question 16

The zone of leaching is the area in which ________.

Accepted Answer

A) weathered bedrock forms a soil horizon 
B) organic matter gathers to create a soil horizon 
C) minerals are precipitated and added to soil 
D) minerals are dissolved and removed from soil 
A) weathered bedrock forms a soil horizon 
B) organic matter gathers to create a soil horizon 
C) minerals are precipitated and added to soil 
D) minerals are dissolved and removed from soil

Question 17

If the climate in an area has very little rainfall,what would be the characteristics of the soil in the area?

Accepted Answer

A) thick,with a lot of organic material 
B) thin,with a lot of organic material 
C) thick,with very little organic material 
D) thin,with very little organic material 
A) thick,with a lot of organic material 
B) thin,with a lot of organic material 
C) thick,with very little organic material 
D) thin,with very little organic material

Question 18

Which type of weathering process is happening to materials when they rust?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolysis 
B) hydration 
C) oxidation 
D) dissolution 
A) hydrolysis 
B) hydration 
C) oxidation 
D) dissolution

Question 19

A rock layer's ________ will control the thickness of the soil formed.

Accepted Answer

A) percentage of sand 
B) permeability 
C) time of deposition 
D) resistance to weathering 
A) percentage of sand 
B) permeability 
C) time of deposition 
D) resistance to weathering

Question 20

Describe how physical and chemical weathering can work together to break down rocks.

Accepted Answer

If a rock is broken apart mechanically t

Exam 21: Interlude B: A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

Chemical weathering involves the breakdown of material due to ________.

Which of the following images does NOT contain sediment?

Why does the C-horizon contain little to no organic material?

The following is a picture of what type of phenomenon?

Which of the following is a type of physical weathering?

Dissolution occurs when minerals ________.

Large amounts of ________ speed up decomposition and provide more organic material for the soil.

What are the similarities and differences between physical and chemical weathering.Make sure to address both what is the same and what is different.

Which of the following does NOT affect soil thickness?

Soil horizon ___________ contains weathered bedrock that has not yet undergone leaching.

Label the different soil horizons on the image below,then provide a brief description of each horizon next to the corresponding layer.

Soil horizon ________ contains the most organic material.

Why does physical weathering speed up the processes of chemical weathering?

The _______-horizon contains abundant sediment.

Describe the difference between sediment and soil.

The zone of leaching is the area in which ________.

If the climate in an area has very little rainfall,what would be the characteristics of the soil in the area?

Which type of weathering process is happening to materials when they rust?

A rock layer's ________ will control the thickness of the soil formed.

Describe how physical and chemical weathering can work together to break down rocks.

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

Pages of Earth S Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: A Process of Change

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags, cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

Dry Regions: The Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Interlude A: Rock Groups

Interlude C: The Rock Cycle

Interlude D: The Earth S Interior Revisited: Insights From Geophysics

Interlude E: Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

Interlude F: An Introduction to Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

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