Question 1

Rates of groundwater flow are ________ than stream flow because the water ________.

Accepted Answer

A) higher;can flow through large caverns 
B) higher;does not have any obstacles to overcome 
C) lower;contains dissolved ions that slow it down 
D) lower;must make its way through tiny pore spaces 
A) higher;can flow through large caverns 
B) higher;does not have any obstacles to overcome 
C) lower;contains dissolved ions that slow it down 
D) lower;must make its way through tiny pore spaces D

Question 2

As a rule,groundwater always flows from areas of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) greater elevation to those of lesser elevation 
B) greater water pressure to those of lesser water pressure 
C) greater hydraulic head to those of lesser hydraulic head 
D) lower hydraulic head to those of greater hydraulic head 
A) greater elevation to those of lesser elevation 
B) greater water pressure to those of lesser water pressure 
C) greater hydraulic head to those of lesser hydraulic head 
D) lower hydraulic head to those of greater hydraulic head C

Question 3

Overpumping can lead to ________ of the ground surface.

Accepted Answer

A) mineralization 
B) heating 
C) uplift 
D) subsidence 
A) mineralization 
B) heating 
C) uplift 
D) subsidence D

Question 4

You are testing the groundwater quality of an aquifer and find that it has high amounts of arsenic.What is the likely source?

Accepted Answer

A) The arsenic comes from the dissolved minerals in the aquifer rock. 
B) The arsenic comes from the reaction of the water with your testing supplies. 
C) The arsenic is being poured into the groundwater to poison the town. 
D) The arsenic is not actually there;it does not show up in groundwater. 
A) The arsenic comes from the dissolved minerals in the aquifer rock. 
B) The arsenic comes from the reaction of the water with your testing supplies. 
C) The arsenic is being poured into the groundwater to poison the town. 
D) The arsenic is not actually there;it does not show up in groundwater.

Question 5

A flowing artesian well is one that ________.

Accepted Answer

A) discharges groundwater at the ground surface without pumping 
B) has its intake sited within the vadose zone of an unconfined aquifer 
C) has its intake sited within the unsaturated zone of an unconfined aquifer 
D) has its recharge area at an elevation below sea level 
A) discharges groundwater at the ground surface without pumping 
B) has its intake sited within the vadose zone of an unconfined aquifer 
C) has its intake sited within the unsaturated zone of an unconfined aquifer 
D) has its recharge area at an elevation below sea level

Question 6

You have a choice to drill your water well into a shallow,unconfined aquifer or a deeper artesian aquifer.Drilling deeper will cost more money;however,you chose to drill into the artesian aquifer.Why?

Accepted Answer

A) The artesian aquifer will have a higher permeability. 
B) The artesian aquifer will not be subject to overpumping. 
C) The artesian aquifer will flow on its own,without a pump. 
D) The artesian aquifer will contain more water for your use. 
A) The artesian aquifer will have a higher permeability. 
B) The artesian aquifer will not be subject to overpumping. 
C) The artesian aquifer will flow on its own,without a pump. 
D) The artesian aquifer will contain more water for your use.

Question 7

Permeable rock or sediment between the water table and the land surface represents a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A) aquitard 
B) confined aquifer 
C) unconfined aquifer 
D) unsaturated zone 
A) aquitard 
B) confined aquifer 
C) unconfined aquifer 
D) unsaturated zone

Question 8

Explain how caves are formed,making sure to include the name of the acid involved and how it forms.

Accepted Answer

Caves are formed when carbonic acid diss

Question 9

The elevation of the water table ________.

Accepted Answer

A) is a constant for a given area so long as the topography remains the same 
B) may rise during times of drought and sink during rainy periods 
C) may rise during rainy periods and sink during droughts 
D) is completely unpredictable 
A) is a constant for a given area so long as the topography remains the same 
B) may rise during times of drought and sink during rainy periods 
C) may rise during rainy periods and sink during droughts 
D) is completely unpredictable

Question 10

Hot groundwater is mineralized because ________.

Accepted Answer

A) minerals cannot precipitate in hot water 
B) the hot water dissolves minerals 
C) cold water cannot dissolve minerals 
D) it runs through layers containing salts 
A) minerals cannot precipitate in hot water 
B) the hot water dissolves minerals 
C) cold water cannot dissolve minerals 
D) it runs through layers containing salts

Question 11

Imagine you are digging a hole when the hole suddenly starts to fill with water.What have you found?

Accepted Answer

A) the capillary zone 
B) the vadose zone 
C) the water table 
D) an aquitard 
A) the capillary zone 
B) the vadose zone 
C) the water table 
D) an aquitard

Question 12

________ regions are heated by volcanic sources.

Accepted Answer

A) Hydrothermal 
B) Thermo-volcanic 
C) Geothermal 
D) Volcanothermal 
A) Hydrothermal 
B) Thermo-volcanic 
C) Geothermal 
D) Volcanothermal

Question 13

Why does an artesian well flow without pumping?

Accepted Answer

A) The water table is at the surface in an artesian aquifer. 
B) The hydraulic head is very low in the aquifer. 
C) The water in an unconfined aquifer is pressurized. 
D) The water in a confined aquifer is pressurized. 
A) The water table is at the surface in an artesian aquifer. 
B) The hydraulic head is very low in the aquifer. 
C) The water in an unconfined aquifer is pressurized. 
D) The water in a confined aquifer is pressurized.

Question 14

Any place where groundwater naturally flows out of Earth's surface is termed a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A) artesian well 
B) regular well 
C) spring 
D) recharge area 
A) artesian well 
B) regular well 
C) spring 
D) recharge area

Question 15

A relatively impermeable layer of rock or sediment is termed a(n)________ in hydrogeologic contexts.

Accepted Answer

A) aquitard 
B) confined aquifer 
C) unconfined aquifer 
D) unsaturated zone 
A) aquitard 
B) confined aquifer 
C) unconfined aquifer 
D) unsaturated zone

Question 16

What are porosity and permeability,and how do they affect the rate of groundwater flow?

Accepted Answer

Porosity refers to the pore spaces withi

Question 17

The images below are of two different geological scenarios in which springs could form.Describe the similarities and differences between these two scenarios.

Accepted Answer

The images both show how impermeable lay

Question 18

Material through which water readily flows is termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A) fluent 
B) porous 
C) permeable 
D) fluid 
A) fluent 
B) porous 
C) permeable 
D) fluid

Question 19

The majority of large cave and karst systems have resulted from ________ etching into ________.

Accepted Answer

A) carbonic acid;limestone 
B) ascorbic acid;dolostone 
C) phosphoric acid;shale 
D) sea water;rock salt 
A) carbonic acid;limestone 
B) ascorbic acid;dolostone 
C) phosphoric acid;shale 
D) sea water;rock salt

Question 20

Pumping vast quantities of water locally ________.

Accepted Answer

A) raises the local water table 
B) lowers the local water table,forming a cone-shaped depression 
C) lowers the local water table,forming a cylindrical depression 
D) does not affect the water table 
A) raises the local water table 
B) lowers the local water table,forming a cone-shaped depression 
C) lowers the local water table,forming a cylindrical depression 
D) does not affect the water table

Exam 16: A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

Rates of groundwater flow are ________ than stream flow because the water ________.

As a rule,groundwater always flows from areas of ________.

Overpumping can lead to ________ of the ground surface.

You are testing the groundwater quality of an aquifer and find that it has high amounts of arsenic.What is the likely source?

A flowing artesian well is one that ________.

You have a choice to drill your water well into a shallow,unconfined aquifer or a deeper artesian aquifer.Drilling deeper will cost more money;however,you chose to drill into the artesian aquifer.Why?

Permeable rock or sediment between the water table and the land surface represents a(n)________.

Explain how caves are formed,making sure to include the name of the acid involved and how it forms.

The elevation of the water table ________.

Hot groundwater is mineralized because ________.

Imagine you are digging a hole when the hole suddenly starts to fill with water.What have you found?

________ regions are heated by volcanic sources.

Why does an artesian well flow without pumping?

Any place where groundwater naturally flows out of Earth's surface is termed a(n)________.

A relatively impermeable layer of rock or sediment is termed a(n)________ in hydrogeologic contexts.

What are porosity and permeability,and how do they affect the rate of groundwater flow?

The images below are of two different geological scenarios in which springs could form.Describe the similarities and differences between these two scenarios.

Material through which water readily flows is termed ________.

The majority of large cave and karst systems have resulted from ________ etching into ________.

Pumping vast quantities of water locally ________.

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

Pages of Earth S Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: A Process of Change

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags, cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

Dry Regions: The Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Interlude A: Rock Groups

Interlude B: A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

Interlude C: The Rock Cycle

Interlude D: The Earth S Interior Revisited: Insights From Geophysics

Interlude E: Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

Interlude F: An Introduction to Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

Filters

Rates of groundwater flow are than stream flow because the water .

The majority of large cave and karst systems have resulted from etching into .