Exam 5: Learning

In counterconditioning, an organism learns to respond to a stimulus in a way that is completely compatible with a response that was conditioned earlier. 

__________is Robert Rescorla's viewpoint that suggests that learning occurs only when a conditioned stimulus (CS) provides information about an unconditioned stimulus (US). 

_____ refers to an unlearned response in which an organism attends to a stimulus. 

According to Arne Öhman and Susan Mineka, humans are not biologically prepared by evolutionary forces to develop fears of any kind. 

_____ is the view that learning occurs when stimuli provide information about the likelihood of the occurrence of other stimuli. 

Cynthia had an intense fear of cats. Her psychologist repeatedly paired her love for classical music with the gradual exposure of Cynthia to a cat until her fear for cats was cured. In this scenario, Cynthia's fear was cured using _____. 

Behaviorists explain classical conditioning in terms of the ways in which stimuli provide information that allows organisms to form or revise mental representations of their environment. 

In the context of classical conditioning, the term__________is defined as a simple unlearned response to a stimulus. 

Secondary reinforcers are also called _____ because they acquire their value through being associated with established reinforcers. 

In operant conditioning, voluntary responses cannot be conditioned. 

In the context of behavior therapy methods, which of the following statements is true of flooding?  

In the context of observational learning,__________allow us to anticipate other people's intentions when they reach for things. 

_____ states that pleasant events stamp in responses, and unpleasant events stamp them out. 

In the context of operant conditioning,__________is the act of following a response with a stimulus that increases the frequency of the response. 

According to cognitive psychologists, _____. 

__________is a classical conditioning procedure in which a previously neutral stimulus comes to elicit the response brought forth by a conditioned stimulus by being paired repeatedly with that conditioned stimulus. 

Joe is a web content writer. He gets paid $100 for every five articles he publishes. In this scenario, Joe's payment is based on the _____ of reinforcement. 

Which of the following best defines the term latent learning?  

Identify a true statement about punishments. 

Students who obtain higher grades are more likely to behave aggressively following exposure to violent video games.