Exam 10: Origins and Organization of Jails and Prisons

The ___________ model is a prison management approach that gives inmates more autonomy;staff guides prisoners' decision making rather than making all decisions for them.

__________ security prisons have some facilities outside the main enclosure and are surrounded by two rows of chain-link fence,topped with barbed wire;half of all inmates are serving time in these institutions.

The average felony prison sentence is about __________ years;thus,the majority of offenders ultimately will be released.

Correctional institutions are medium security federal correctional institutions.

A philosophy of imprisonment that emphasized labor and meditation was called the __________.Offenders worked every day,but they did so in complete silence.

It is generally agreed that the purpose of imprisonment is to serve as __________ for a crime.

The reformatory movement was a late-nineteenth-century trend toward use of incarceration to reform through education.

Prison overcrowding is a difficult political issue,because the public demands protection from criminals yet generally is reluctant to approve government spending.

__________ prisons are run by corporations,which are paid by states or the federal government to house offenders.

The backgrounds of inmates reveal many factors found to be correlated with crime,especially educational level,family background,age and race,and drug use.Most people who commit felonies and are sentenced to state prisons are not highly educated.Two-thirds of state prison inmates did not graduate from high school.Of those in jail awaiting trial or serving short sentences,nearly 50 percent did not graduate from high school.Why do you think this is?

Prisons that house dangerous felons and that usually have a wall surrounding the entire facility are at the ___________ level.

__________ security prisons house dangerous felons and that usually have a wall surrounding the entire facility.

Maximum security federal correctional institutions are called ___________.

Medium security prisons are facilities that usually have no fences but have locking outside doors and electronic surveillance devices around the perimeter of the institution.

The number of women incarcerated in state or federal prisons or local jails in the United States has increased significantly.The incarceration of women increased over the last decade from 93,000 over the last decade to 113,000,an increase of 20,000 female inmates.Men still outnumber women in the inmate population by a factor of about 13 to 1,but the gap is narrowing-from 17 to 1 more than a decade ago.What factors do you think play a part in these increasing numbers?

Facilities operated by counties and municipalities to hold two main categories of inmates: those awaiting trial and those serving sentences of one year or less are called ___________.

The late-nineteenth-century trend toward use of incarceration to reform through education is called the ___________.