Exam 4: Origins and Organization of Law Enforcement

A system established in England in 1285 to aid constables in their law enforcement efforts was called the __________.Men from each town were required to take turns standing watch at night and crime suspects were turned over to the constable.

A 'watch and ward system' was one established in England in 1285 to aid constables in their law enforcement efforts.Men from each town were required to take turns standing watch at night and crime suspects were turned over to the constable.

A system of community self-responsibility that existed in Britain during the Middle Ages,in which residents were held responsible for the conduct of their neighbors was called a(n)___________.

An office established by Edward II in 1326 to assist the sheriff in enforcing the law was the ___________.Eventually the role of the justice of the peace shifted to adjudication,while the sheriffs retained their local peacekeeping function.

Policing faces a dilemma: There is a need to organize law enforcement efforts in a more efficient way.However,there is also reluctance to provide the necessary resources and authority.Why do you think this reluctance exists? What do you think can be done about it?

'Transnational law enforcement' involves international agreements and law enforcement efforts that attempt to serve the interests of all nations in the face of the growth of international travel,the transnational nature of the Internet,and the threat of international organized crime and terrorism.

The vast majority of police agencies are found at the __________ level of government.

Typical Weed and Seed efforts include(s)____________.

Organizations/groups focused on the improved operation of the criminal justice system as the best way to reduce crime are called __________.

The seventeen different agencies that investigate violations of federal law is referred to as __________.Unlike state police agencies,few federal agencies engage in patrol work;most perform exclusively investigative functions.

The first organized police department in London,established in 1829,was called ___________.The popular English name for police officers,"bobbies," comes from Sir Robert Peel,a founder of the Metropolitan Police.

The police departments of municipalities are called 'local police';this type of law enforcement also includes county sheriffs and special police agencies such as park,airport,transit,and university police.

A service-oriented style of law enforcement that focuses on disorder in the community,crime prevention,and fear reduction (as opposed to the traditional focus on serious street crimes)is called __________.

__________ is not centrally organized,because individual nations around the world have sovereignty and resent other nations that attempt to enforce their laws outside their own borders.Nevertheless,the growth of international travel,the transnational nature of the Internet,and the threat of international organized crime and terrorism have combined to bring about international agreements and law enforcement efforts that attempt to serve the interests of all nations.

__________ involves law enforcement agencies that protect private property and are paid by private individuals and corporations.

Enforcement agencies primarily engaged in highway patrol activities are called 'state police'.About half of these agencies also have the authority to conduct investigative work.

The International Criminal Police Organization composed of 177 member nations is also known as __________.It assists member law enforcement agencies requiring information about crimes or criminals of a multi-national nature.

The term __________ refers to the seventeen different agencies that investigate violations of federal law.Unlike state police agencies,few federal agencies engage in patrol work;most perform exclusively investigative functions.

__________ involves international agreements and law enforcement efforts that attempt to serve the interests of all nations in the face of the growth of international travel,the transnational nature of the Internet,and the threat of international organized crime and terrorism.