Exam 7: Bivariate Correlational Research

RESEARCH STUDY 7.1 Dr. Oswald conducts a study examining the relationship between the number of friends one has and the experience of daily stress and life satisfaction. She randomly samples 1,500 elderly men and women in the Memphis, Tennessee, area in the southern United States. Below are her findings.  Life satisfaction and experience of daily stress: r = -.57 (p = .01)  Number of friends one has and experience of daily stress: r = .09, not sig.  Number of friends one has and life satisfaction: r = .36 (p = .04) -Refer to Research Study 7.1 above to answer the following question. Dr.Oswald realizes that the women in her study have more friends than the men in her study.This might result in which of the following?

RESEARCH STUDY 7.1 Dr. Oswald conducts a study examining the relationship between the number of friends one has and the experience of daily stress and life satisfaction. She randomly samples 1,500 elderly men and women in the Memphis, Tennessee, area in the southern United States. Below are her findings.  Life satisfaction and experience of daily stress: r = -.57 (p = .01)  Number of friends one has and experience of daily stress: r = .09, not sig.  Number of friends one has and life satisfaction: r = .36 (p = .04) -Refer to Research Study 7.1 above to answer the following question. Dr.Oswald creates a scatterplot of the relationship between the experience of daily stress and life satisfaction.In doing so,she realizes there are three scores that seem to be very extreme and are nowhere near the other points on the scatterplot.Specifically,it appears that three people report very high levels of daily stress and very low levels of life satisfaction.Which of the following statements is true?

For a third variable to be plausible as the explanation in an established association,which of the following must also be true?

What is the relationship between moderators and external validity?

RESEARCH STUDY 7.1 Dr. Oswald conducts a study examining the relationship between the number of friends one has and the experience of daily stress and life satisfaction. She randomly samples 1,500 elderly men and women in the Memphis, Tennessee, area in the southern United States. Below are her findings.  Life satisfaction and experience of daily stress: r = -.57 (p = .01)  Number of friends one has and experience of daily stress: r = .09, not sig.  Number of friends one has and life satisfaction: r = .36 (p = .04) -Refer to Research Study 7.1 above to answer the following question. In evaluating Dr.Oswald's study,you question the construct validity of the study.Which of the following questions would you be asking?

If an association study did not select people for the study by using random sampling,which of the following statements is true?

RESEARCH STUDY 7.1 Dr. Oswald conducts a study examining the relationship between the number of friends one has and the experience of daily stress and life satisfaction. She randomly samples 1,500 elderly men and women in the Memphis, Tennessee, area in the southern United States. Below are her findings.  Life satisfaction and experience of daily stress: r = -.57 (p = .01)  Number of friends one has and experience of daily stress: r = .09, not sig.  Number of friends one has and life satisfaction: r = .36 (p = .04) -Refer to Research Study 7.1 above to answer the following question. Dr.Oswald finds that the relationship between the number of friends one has and life satisfaction is stronger for men than for women.Why might Dr.Oswald have looked for this difference?

Which of the following is true of the relationship between effect size and statistical significance?

RESEARCH STUDY 7.2 Dr. Moynihan conducts a study examining the relationship between the number of panic attacks a person experienced in the past month, the number of nightmares experienced in the past month, and people's levels of neuroticism (a personality trait characterized by instability, anxiety, and worry). She collects a convenience sample of 50 community college students (25 males, 25 females). Below are her findings. A - number of panic attacks in the past month and neuroticism: r = -.03, not sig. B - number of panic attacks in the past month and number of nightmares in the past month: r = -.14 (p = .05) C - number of nightmares in the past month and neuroticism: r = .48 (p = .003) -Refer to Research Study 7.2 above to answer the following question. Of the three findings in Dr.Moynihan's study,which finding has the largest effect size? Name two things that having a large effect size means.

Name two ways in which the analysis of an association between two quantitative variables differs from the analysis of an association between a categorical variable and a quantitative variable.