Question 1

The definition of a criminal gang is found in Section ________ of the Criminal Code of Canada.

Accepted Answer

A)  43 
B)  414(1) 
C)  467.1(1) 
D)  219 
E)  34 
A)  43 
B)  414(1) 
C)  467.1(1) 
D)  219 
E)  34

Question 2

According to ________, there are two types of culture conflict: primary conflict and secondary conflict.

Accepted Answer

A)  Robert Merton 
B)  Walter Reckless 
C)  Frederick M. Thrasher 
D)  Thorsten Sellin 
E)  Henry MacKay 
A)  Robert Merton 
B)  Walter Reckless 
C)  Frederick M. Thrasher 
D)  Thorsten Sellin 
E)  Henry MacKay

Question 3

________ is a sociological approach which posits a disjuncture between socially and subculturally sanctioned means and goals as the cause of criminal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A)  Strain theory 
B)  Social disorganization 
C)  Social pathology 
D)  Subculture 
E)  Social ecology 
A)  Strain theory 
B)  Social disorganization 
C)  Social pathology 
D)  Subculture 
E)  Social ecology

Question 4

________ attempted to detail the values which drove members of lower-class subcultures into delinquent pursuits.

Accepted Answer

A)  Albert Cohen 
B)  Walter Reckless 
C)  Marvin Wolfgang 
D)  Walter Miller 
E)  Clifford Shaw 
A)  Albert Cohen 
B)  Walter Reckless 
C)  Marvin Wolfgang 
D)  Walter Miller 
E)  Clifford Shaw

Question 5

The Chicago School of Criminology was named after its founder Brian Chicago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Conduct norms, focal concerns, subculture, socialization, and subculture of violence are all concepts attributed to the Ecological Theory or "Chicago School."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Bill C-24, known as the ____________________, was enacted in February 2002, and includes the current legal definition of an organized crime group such as a gang.

Accepted Answer

A)  Organized Young Offenders Bill 
B)  Gangs and Guns Act 
C)  Youth Criminal Groups Act 
D)  Organized Crime Bill 
E)  group dynamics bill 
A)  Organized Young Offenders Bill 
B)  Gangs and Guns Act 
C)  Youth Criminal Groups Act 
D)  Organized Crime Bill 
E)  group dynamics bill

Question 8

By social process, sociologists studying crime mean the interaction between and among social institutions, groups and individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

________ emphasizes the importance of geographic location and architectural features as they are associated with the prevalence of victimization.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social disorganization 
B)  Criminology of place 
C)  Opportunity structure 
D)  Subcultural theory 
E)  Ecological theory 
A)  Social disorganization 
B)  Criminology of place 
C)  Opportunity structure 
D)  Subcultural theory 
E)  Ecological theory

Question 10

Social change, uneven development of culture, disharmony, conflict, and lack of consensus are said to produce ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  social pathology 
B)  focal concerns 
C)  culture conflict 
D)  social disorganization 
E)  conduct norms 
A)  social pathology 
B)  focal concerns 
C)  culture conflict 
D)  social disorganization 
E)  conduct norms

Question 11

Reaction formation is the process by which a person openly rejects that which he or she wants, or aspires to, but cannot obtain or achieve.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Cloward and Ohlin used the term _____________ to describe pre-existing subcultural paths to success that are not approved of by the wider culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  conformity 
B)  illegitimate opportunity structure 
C)  ritualism 
D)  retreat structures 
E)  rebel opportunity paradigms 
A)  conformity 
B)  illegitimate opportunity structure 
C)  ritualism 
D)  retreat structures 
E)  rebel opportunity paradigms

Question 13

An ________ is a subcultural pathway to success that is disapproved of by the wider society.

Accepted Answer

A)  Illegitimate opportunity structure 
B)  Social pathology 
C)  Anomie 
D)  Strain theory 
E)  Reaction formation 
A)  Illegitimate opportunity structure 
B)  Social pathology 
C)  Anomie 
D)  Strain theory 
E)  Reaction formation

Question 14

One critique of the _____________________ can be found in its seeming inability to differentiate between the condition of social disorganization and the things such a condition is said to cause.

Accepted Answer

A)  Symbolic Interaction school of criminology 
B)  Ecological school of criminology 
C)  Criminal Entropy school of criminology 
D)  Strain Resistance school of criminology 
E)  Simple Resonance school of criminology 
A)  Symbolic Interaction school of criminology 
B)  Ecological school of criminology 
C)  Criminal Entropy school of criminology 
D)  Strain Resistance school of criminology 
E)  Simple Resonance school of criminology

Question 15

According to ________, "nonutilitarian" delinquency is the result of middle-class values turned upside down.

Accepted Answer

A)  Travis Hirschi 
B)  Franco Ferracuti and Marvin Wolfgang 
C)  Albert Cohen 
D)  Edwin Sutherland 
E)  Robert Merton 
A)  Travis Hirschi 
B)  Franco Ferracuti and Marvin Wolfgang 
C)  Albert Cohen 
D)  Edwin Sutherland 
E)  Robert Merton

Question 16

Carol LaPrairie's studies of crime on First Nations' reserves in Canada are representative of what theoretical approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Strain theory 
B)  Criminology of place 
C)  Subcultural theory 
D)  Ecological theory 
E)  Differential opportunity 
A)  Strain theory 
B)  Criminology of place 
C)  Subcultural theory 
D)  Ecological theory 
E)  Differential opportunity

Question 17

________ provide(s) both legitimate and illegitimate paths to success.

Accepted Answer

A)  Focal concerns 
B)  Differential association 
C)  Opportunities 
D)  Opportunity structures 
E)  Innovation 
A)  Focal concerns 
B)  Differential association 
C)  Opportunities 
D)  Opportunity structures 
E)  Innovation

Question 18

Defensible space can be defined in terms of barriers to crime commission and preventive surveillance opportunities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The criminology of place is an emerging perspective that emphsizes the importance of geographic location and architectural features as they are associated with the prevalence of criminal victimization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to the most recent statistics available, over __________ street gangs have been identified in Canada, with an estimated ____________ members and associates operating across the country.

Accepted Answer

A)  30; 1,000 
B)  100; 1,000 
C)  300; 11,000 
D)  500; 1,500 
E)  1,000; 100,000 
A)  30; 1,000 
B)  100; 1,000 
C)  300; 11,000 
D)  500; 1,500 
E)  1,000; 100,000

The definition of a criminal gang is found in Section ________ of the Criminal Code of Canada.

According to ________, there are two types of culture conflict: primary conflict and secondary conflict.

________ is a sociological approach which posits a disjuncture between socially and subculturally sanctioned means and goals as the cause of criminal behaviour.

________ attempted to detail the values which drove members of lower-class subcultures into delinquent pursuits.

The Chicago School of Criminology was named after its founder Brian Chicago.

Conduct norms, focal concerns, subculture, socialization, and subculture of violence are all concepts attributed to the Ecological Theory or "Chicago School."

Bill C-24, known as the ____________________, was enacted in February 2002, and includes the current legal definition of an organized crime group such as a gang.

By social process, sociologists studying crime mean the interaction between and among social institutions, groups and individuals.

________ emphasizes the importance of geographic location and architectural features as they are associated with the prevalence of victimization.

Social change, uneven development of culture, disharmony, conflict, and lack of consensus are said to produce ________.

Reaction formation is the process by which a person openly rejects that which he or she wants, or aspires to, but cannot obtain or achieve.

Cloward and Ohlin used the term _____________ to describe pre-existing subcultural paths to success that are not approved of by the wider culture.

An ________ is a subcultural pathway to success that is disapproved of by the wider society.

One critique of the _____________________ can be found in its seeming inability to differentiate between the condition of social disorganization and the things such a condition is said to cause.

According to ________, "nonutilitarian" delinquency is the result of middle-class values turned upside down.

Carol LaPrairie's studies of crime on First Nations' reserves in Canada are representative of what theoretical approach?

________ provide(s) both legitimate and illegitimate paths to success.

Defensible space can be defined in terms of barriers to crime commission and preventive surveillance opportunities.

The criminology of place is an emerging perspective that emphsizes the importance of geographic location and architectural features as they are associated with the prevalence of criminal victimization.

According to the most recent statistics available, over street gangs have been identified in Canada, with an estimated __ members and associates operating across the country.

What Is Criminology?

Crime Statistics

Patterns of Crime

Victimology: The Study of the Victim

Classical and Neoclassical Thought

Biological Roots of Criminal Behaviour

Psychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behaviour

The Meaning of Crime: Social Process Perspective

The Meaning of Crime: Social Conflict Perspective

Criminology and Social Policy

Future Directions and Emerging Trends

Filters

Exam 8: The Meaning of Crime: Social Structure Perspective

The definition of a criminal gang is found in Section ________ of the Criminal Code of Canada.

According to ________, there are two types of culture conflict: primary conflict and secondary conflict.

________ is a sociological approach which posits a disjuncture between socially and subculturally sanctioned means and goals as the cause of criminal behaviour.

________ attempted to detail the values which drove members of lower-class subcultures into delinquent pursuits.

The Chicago School of Criminology was named after its founder Brian Chicago.

Conduct norms, focal concerns, subculture, socialization, and subculture of violence are all concepts attributed to the Ecological Theory or "Chicago School."

Bill C-24, known as the ____________________, was enacted in February 2002, and includes the current legal definition of an organized crime group such as a gang.

By social process, sociologists studying crime mean the interaction between and among social institutions, groups and individuals.

________ emphasizes the importance of geographic location and architectural features as they are associated with the prevalence of victimization.

Social change, uneven development of culture, disharmony, conflict, and lack of consensus are said to produce ________.

Reaction formation is the process by which a person openly rejects that which he or she wants, or aspires to, but cannot obtain or achieve.

Cloward and Ohlin used the term _____________ to describe pre-existing subcultural paths to success that are not approved of by the wider culture.

An ________ is a subcultural pathway to success that is disapproved of by the wider society.

One critique of the _____________________ can be found in its seeming inability to differentiate between the condition of social disorganization and the things such a condition is said to cause.

According to ________, "nonutilitarian" delinquency is the result of middle-class values turned upside down.

Carol LaPrairie's studies of crime on First Nations' reserves in Canada are representative of what theoretical approach?

________ provide(s) both legitimate and illegitimate paths to success.

Defensible space can be defined in terms of barriers to crime commission and preventive surveillance opportunities.

The criminology of place is an emerging perspective that emphsizes the importance of geographic location and architectural features as they are associated with the prevalence of criminal victimization.

According to the most recent statistics available, over __________ street gangs have been identified in Canada, with an estimated ____________ members and associates operating across the country.

What Is Criminology?

Crime Statistics

Patterns of Crime

Victimology: The Study of the Victim

Classical and Neoclassical Thought

Biological Roots of Criminal Behaviour

Psychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behaviour

The Meaning of Crime: Social Process Perspective

The Meaning of Crime: Social Conflict Perspective

Criminology and Social Policy

Future Directions and Emerging Trends

Filters

According to the most recent statistics available, over street gangs have been identified in Canada, with an estimated __ members and associates operating across the country.