Question 1

Explain the difference between inattentional blindness and change blindness. Give an example of each to support your thinking.

Accepted Answer

Change blindness and inattentional blindness are the two disappointments of visual mindfulness. Change blindness is the inability to see a conspicuous change. Inattentional blindness is the inability to see the presence of an unforeseen thing.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peripheral vision is the area you are looking at. 
B)  Central vision is everything off to the side. 
C)  Objects in central vision fall on the small area called the fovea. 
D)  Everything to the right is outside your vision. 
A)  Peripheral vision is the area you are looking at. 
B)  Central vision is everything off to the side. 
C)  Objects in central vision fall on the small area called the fovea. 
D)  Everything to the right is outside your vision. C

Question 3

__________ is the process by which features such as color, form, motion, and location are combined to create our perception of a coherent object.

Accepted Answer

A)  Binding 
B)  Integration 
C)  Assimilation 
D)  Equilibration 
A)  Binding 
B)  Integration 
C)  Assimilation 
D)  Equilibration A

Question 4

Which of the following is an experimental procedure used to study how attention affects the processing of competing stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Early selection 
B)  Filtering 
C)  Channeling 
D)  Dichotic listening 
A)  Early selection 
B)  Filtering 
C)  Channeling 
D)  Dichotic listening

Question 5

The notion that faster responding occurs when enhancement spreads within an object is called

Accepted Answer

A)  high-load detraction. 
B)  divided attention. 
C)  location-based potentiation. 
D)  same-object advantage. 
A)  high-load detraction. 
B)  divided attention. 
C)  location-based potentiation. 
D)  same-object advantage.

Question 6

Compare and contrast Broadbent's and Treisman's models of attention. How are they similar? How do they differ? Which model is considered "leaky" and why?

Accepted Answer

Attention: Definition

Attention is the

Question 7

Imagine that lawmakers are considering changing the driving laws and that you have been consulted as an attention expert. Given the principles of divided attention, in which of the following conditions would a person have the most difficulty with driving and therefore pose the biggest safety risk on the road?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the person has to drive to work early in the morning. 
B)  When the driver is stuck in stop-and-go traffic. 
C)  When the driver has to park in a crowded parking garage. 
D)  When the person is driving an unfamiliar vehicle that is more difficult to operate. 
A)  When the person has to drive to work early in the morning. 
B)  When the driver is stuck in stop-and-go traffic. 
C)  When the driver has to park in a crowded parking garage. 
D)  When the person is driving an unfamiliar vehicle that is more difficult to operate.

Question 8

A bottom-up process is involved in fixating on an area of a scene that

Accepted Answer

A)  has high stimulus salience. 
B)  fits with the observer's interests. 
C)  is familiar. 
D)  carries meaning for the observer. 
A)  has high stimulus salience. 
B)  fits with the observer's interests. 
C)  is familiar. 
D)  carries meaning for the observer.

Question 9

In Schneider and Shiffrin's experiment, in which participants were asked to indicate whether a target stimulus was present in a series of rapidly presented "frames," divided attention was easier

Accepted Answer

A)  once processing had become automatic. 
B)  when processing was done verbally. 
C)  when verbal processing was prohibited by the experimenters. 
D)  when processing was more controlled. 
A)  once processing had become automatic. 
B)  when processing was done verbally. 
C)  when verbal processing was prohibited by the experimenters. 
D)  when processing was more controlled.

Question 10

Each time you briefly pause on one face, you are making a(n) ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixation 
B)  saccadic eye movement 
C)  overt attention 
D)  stimulus salience 
A)  fixation 
B)  saccadic eye movement 
C)  overt attention 
D)  stimulus salience

Question 11

Saccadic eye movement is a ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  rapid, jerky movement from one fixation to the next 
B)  shifting of attention from one place to another by moving the eyes 
C)  reaction to physical properties of stimulus 
D)  brief pause on another person's face 
A)  rapid, jerky movement from one fixation to the next 
B)  shifting of attention from one place to another by moving the eyes 
C)  reaction to physical properties of stimulus 
D)  brief pause on another person's face

Question 12

Broadbent's model is called the early selection model because

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory memory holds all of the information for fraction of second and then transfers all of it to filter. 
B)  the output is sent to short-term memory, which holds the information for 10-15 seconds and also transfer the information to long-term memory. 
C)  the attended information has been let through the filter, the detector processes all information that enters it. 
D)  the filter eliminates the unattended information right at the beginning of the flow of information. 
A)  sensory memory holds all of the information for fraction of second and then transfers all of it to filter. 
B)  the output is sent to short-term memory, which holds the information for 10-15 seconds and also transfer the information to long-term memory. 
C)  the attended information has been let through the filter, the detector processes all information that enters it. 
D)  the filter eliminates the unattended information right at the beginning of the flow of information.

Question 13

Research on the use of cell phones while driving indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  the negative effect can be decreased by using "hands-free" units. 
B)  the problem with cell phones is that attention is distracted from the task of driving by the need to hold the phone and drive with one hand. 
C)  the main effect of cell phone use on driving safety can be attributed to the fact that attention is used up by the cognitive task of talking on the phone. 
D)  the public perception that using a cell phone while driving poses a significant risk to drivers' safety is, in fact, incorrect. 
A)  the negative effect can be decreased by using "hands-free" units. 
B)  the problem with cell phones is that attention is distracted from the task of driving by the need to hold the phone and drive with one hand. 
C)  the main effect of cell phone use on driving safety can be attributed to the fact that attention is used up by the cognitive task of talking on the phone. 
D)  the public perception that using a cell phone while driving poses a significant risk to drivers' safety is, in fact, incorrect.

Question 14

Compare and contrast processing capacity and perceptual load. Give an example of a low-load and a high-load task that you experienced today.

Accepted Answer

For this question, I will answer only th

Question 15

According to your text, the ability to divide attention depends on all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  practice. 
B)  the type of processing being used. 
C)  the difficulty of the tasks. 
D)  task cueing. 
A)  practice. 
B)  the type of processing being used. 
C)  the difficulty of the tasks. 
D)  task cueing.

Question 16

How does perceptual load differ from processing capacity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Perceptual load is static and processing capacity is variable. 
B)  Perceptual load is genetic and processing capacity is learned. 
C)  Perceptual load is sensory and processing capacity is cognitive. 
D)  Perceptual load is individual and processing capacity is universal. 
A)  Perceptual load is static and processing capacity is variable. 
B)  Perceptual load is genetic and processing capacity is learned. 
C)  Perceptual load is sensory and processing capacity is cognitive. 
D)  Perceptual load is individual and processing capacity is universal.

Question 17

According to Treisman's feature integration theory, the first stage of perception is called the __________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  feature analysis 
B)  focused attention 
C)  preattentive 
D)  letter analysis 
A)  feature analysis 
B)  focused attention 
C)  preattentive 
D)  letter analysis

Question 18

Anne Treisman's attenuator analyzes the incoming message in terms of all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  how sequences of words create meaningful phrases. 
B)  how the message groups into syllables or words. 
C)  whether the message is fast or slow. 
D)  whether the perceptual load is low or high. 
A)  how sequences of words create meaningful phrases. 
B)  how the message groups into syllables or words. 
C)  whether the message is fast or slow. 
D)  whether the perceptual load is low or high.

Question 19

Which of the following illustrates how we can miss things even if they are clearly visible?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inattentional blindness 
B)  Change blindness 
C)  Binding 
D)  Illusory conjunctions 
A)  Inattentional blindness 
B)  Change blindness 
C)  Binding 
D)  Illusory conjunctions

Question 20

If you are folding towels while watching television, you may find that you don't have to pay much attention to the act of folding while keeping up with the storyline on the TV show. Folding the towels would be an example of a(n) ________ task.

Accepted Answer

A)  attenuated 
B)  high-load 
C)  low-load 
D)  filtered 
A)  attenuated 
B)  high-load 
C)  low-load 
D)  filtered

Explain the difference between inattentional blindness and change blindness. Give an example of each to support your thinking.

Which of the following statements is correct?

__________ is the process by which features such as color, form, motion, and location are combined to create our perception of a coherent object.

Which of the following is an experimental procedure used to study how attention affects the processing of competing stimuli?

The notion that faster responding occurs when enhancement spreads within an object is called

Compare and contrast Broadbent's and Treisman's models of attention. How are they similar? How do they differ? Which model is considered "leaky" and why?

A bottom-up process is involved in fixating on an area of a scene that

In Schneider and Shiffrin's experiment, in which participants were asked to indicate whether a target stimulus was present in a series of rapidly presented "frames," divided attention was easier

Each time you briefly pause on one face, you are making a(n) ______________.

Saccadic eye movement is a ______________.

Broadbent's model is called the early selection model because

Research on the use of cell phones while driving indicates that

Compare and contrast processing capacity and perceptual load. Give an example of a low-load and a high-load task that you experienced today.

According to your text, the ability to divide attention depends on all of the following EXCEPT

How does perceptual load differ from processing capacity?

According to Treisman's feature integration theory, the first stage of perception is called the __________ stage.

Anne Treisman's attenuator analyzes the incoming message in terms of all of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following illustrates how we can miss things even if they are clearly visible?

If you are folding towels while watching television, you may find that you don't have to pay much attention to the act of folding while keeping up with the storyline on the TV show. Folding the towels would be an example of a(n) ________ task.

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Neuroscience

Perception

Short-Term and Working Memory

Long-Term Memory: Structure

Long-Term Memory: Encoding, Retrieval, and Consolidation

Everyday Memory and Memory Errors

Conceptual Knowledge

Visual Imagery

Language

Problem Solving

Judgment, Decisions, and Reasoning

Filters

Exam 4: Attention

Explain the difference between inattentional blindness and change blindness. Give an example of each to support your thinking.

Which of the following statements is correct?

__________ is the process by which features such as color, form, motion, and location are combined to create our perception of a coherent object.

Which of the following is an experimental procedure used to study how attention affects the processing of competing stimuli?

The notion that faster responding occurs when enhancement spreads within an object is called

Compare and contrast Broadbent's and Treisman's models of attention. How are they similar? How do they differ? Which model is considered "leaky" and why?

A bottom-up process is involved in fixating on an area of a scene that

In Schneider and Shiffrin's experiment, in which participants were asked to indicate whether a target stimulus was present in a series of rapidly presented "frames," divided attention was easier

Each time you briefly pause on one face, you are making a(n) ______________.

Saccadic eye movement is a ______________.

Broadbent's model is called the early selection model because

Research on the use of cell phones while driving indicates that

Compare and contrast processing capacity and perceptual load. Give an example of a low-load and a high-load task that you experienced today.

According to your text, the ability to divide attention depends on all of the following EXCEPT

How does perceptual load differ from processing capacity?

According to Treisman's feature integration theory, the first stage of perception is called the __________ stage.

Anne Treisman's attenuator analyzes the incoming message in terms of all of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following illustrates how we can miss things even if they are clearly visible?

If you are folding towels while watching television, you may find that you don't have to pay much attention to the act of folding while keeping up with the storyline on the TV show. Folding the towels would be an example of a(n) ________ task.

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Neuroscience

Perception

Short-Term and Working Memory

Long-Term Memory: Structure

Long-Term Memory: Encoding, Retrieval, and Consolidation

Everyday Memory and Memory Errors

Conceptual Knowledge

Visual Imagery

Language

Problem Solving

Judgment, Decisions, and Reasoning

Filters