Exam 9: Conceptual Knowledge

Which of the following is NOT associated with the semantic network model?

Which of the following lies at the foundation of a connectionist network?

Research suggests that the ___________ approach to categorization works best for small categories (e.g., U.S. presidents).

Which of the following is NOT a property of the connectionist approach?

According to the hub and spoke model, which area of the brain serves as the hub?

Which of the following is a connectionist model proposing that concepts are represented by activity that is spread across a network?

Explain what is meant by the statement: The concept "cat" is the answer to the question "What is a cat?"

The connectionist network has learned the correct pattern for a concept when

According to the connectionist model, which of the following is impacted by connection weight?

Explain how personal knowledge impacts the basic level of categorization under Rosch's approach. Give examples comparing two individuals' knowledge of a concept to support your thinking.

Which approach to categorization involves forming a standard representation based on an average of category members that a person has encountered in the past?

Which of the following reaction time data sets illustrates the typicality effect for the bird category, given the following three trials? (NOTE: Read data sets as RTs for Trial 1: Trial 2: Trial 3) Trial 1: An owl is a bird. Trial 2: A penguin is a bird. Trial 3: A sparrow is a bird.

Two different definitions of ___________ offered by your book include (a) "the mental representation of a class or individual," and (b) "categories of objects, events, and abstract ideas."

Jorge and Bob are neighbors. Jorge loves birds and his father works for the zoo. He has been to a dozen bird sanctuaries, and he and his dad go on bird watching hikes once a month. In contrast, Bob doesn't think much about birds. His only contact with them is in his backyard. It would be correct to say that Jorge's standard probably involves

One of the key properties of the ___________ approach is that a specific concept is represented by activity that is distributed over many units in the network.

Rosch and coworkers conducted an experiment in which participants were shown a category label, like a car or vehicle, and then, after a brief delay, saw a picture. The participants' task was to indicate as rapidly as possible whether the picture was a member of the category. Their results showed

Which approach to categorization can more easily take into account atypical cases such as flightless birds?

One criticism of the embodied approach is that it doesn't explain how humans can recognize ________.

Not all of the members of everyday categories have the same features. Most fish have gills, fins, and scales. Sharks lack the feature of scales, yet they are still categorized as fish. This poses a problem for the ___________ approach to categorization.

The ___________ model includes associations between concepts and the property of spreading activation.