Question 1

A restriction fragment is

Accepted Answer

A) a gene. 
B) a segment of DNA. 
C) a segment of mRNA. 
D) a segment of tRNA. 
E) cDNA. 
A) a gene. 
B) a segment of DNA. 
C) a segment of mRNA. 
D) a segment of tRNA. 
E) cDNA. B

Question 2

The development of DNA technology is bringing profound changes to science,agriculture and healthcare.Provide one example of a DNA technology and provide at least one advantage and one example of a concern or problem associated with its use.

Accepted Answer

One example of a DNA technology is the use of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. This technology allows scientists to make precise changes to an organism's DNA, which has the potential to revolutionize agriculture by creating crops with improved traits such as disease resistance or increased yield.

One advantage of CRISPR-Cas9 is its potential to address food security and sustainability by developing more resilient crops that require less water and pesticides. This could help to feed a growing global population while reducing the environmental impact of agriculture.

However, one concern associated with the use of CRISPR-Cas9 is the potential for unintended consequences. There is a risk of off-target mutations, where the gene editing process could inadvertently affect genes other than the intended ones, leading to unforeseen negative impacts on the organism or its environment. This raises ethical and safety concerns about the potential long-term effects of gene editing on ecosystems and human health. It also sparks debates about the regulation and control of this powerful technology.

Question 3

The most important property of a DNA vector is

Accepted Answer

A) its ability to replicate within the cell. 
B) the size of the vector. 
C) the fact that it contains a marker. 
D) that it contains an ability to integrate into the chromosome. 
E) that the inserted genes that lack exons. 
A) its ability to replicate within the cell. 
B) the size of the vector. 
C) the fact that it contains a marker. 
D) that it contains an ability to integrate into the chromosome. 
E) that the inserted genes that lack exons. A

Question 4

The study of genetic material taken directly from the environment is

Accepted Answer

A) bioinformatics. 
B) proteomics. 
C) reverse genetics. 
D) forensic microbiology. 
E) metagenomics. 
A) bioinformatics. 
B) proteomics. 
C) reverse genetics. 
D) forensic microbiology. 
E) metagenomics.

Question 5

Figure 9.4  
In Figure 9.4,the bacteria transformed with the recombinant plasmid and plated on media containing ampicillin and X-gal will

Accepted Answer

A) form blue,ampicillin-resistant colonies. 
B) form blue,ampicillin-sensitive colonies. 
C) form white,ampicillin-resistant colonies. 
D) form white,ampicillin-sensitive colonies. 
E) not grow. 
A) form blue,ampicillin-resistant colonies. 
B) form blue,ampicillin-sensitive colonies. 
C) form white,ampicillin-resistant colonies. 
D) form white,ampicillin-sensitive colonies. 
E) not grow.

Question 6

Accomplishments of rDNA methods for agriculture include

Accepted Answer

A) antisense DNA to prevent softening of tomatoes. 
B) Pseudomonas expressing Bt toxin. 
C) disease resistant food animals. 
D) antisense DNA and disease resistant food animals. 
E) antisense DNA,Bt-expressing Pseudomonas and disease resistant food animals. 
A) antisense DNA to prevent softening of tomatoes. 
B) Pseudomonas expressing Bt toxin. 
C) disease resistant food animals. 
D) antisense DNA and disease resistant food animals. 
E) antisense DNA,Bt-expressing Pseudomonas and disease resistant food animals.

Question 7

Assume you have discovered a cell that produces a lipase that works in cold water for a laundry additive.You can increase the efficiency of this enzyme by changing one amino acid.This is done by

Accepted Answer

A) irradiating the cells. 
B) site-directed mutagenesis. 
C) enrichment. 
D) selective breeding. 
E) selection. 
A) irradiating the cells. 
B) site-directed mutagenesis. 
C) enrichment. 
D) selective breeding. 
E) selection.

Question 8

Figure 9.1
  
-In Figure 9.1,after digestion with the appropriate restriction enzyme,what is the smallest piece containing the entire ampicillin-resistance (amp)gene?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.17 kbp 
B) 0.25 kbp 
C) 1.08 kbp 
D) 1.50 kbp 
E) 3)00 kbp 
A) 0.17 kbp 
B) 0.25 kbp 
C) 1.08 kbp 
D) 1.50 kbp 
E) 3)00 kbp

Question 9

Figure 9.2
  
-In Figure 9.2,the enzyme in step 1 is

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase. 
B) DNA ligase. 
C) RNA polymerase. 
D) reverse transcriptase. 
E) spliceosome. 
A) DNA polymerase. 
B) DNA ligase. 
C) RNA polymerase. 
D) reverse transcriptase. 
E) spliceosome.

Question 10

In the Southern blot technique,which of the following is NOT required?

Accepted Answer

A) transfer of DNA to nitrocellulose 
B) addition of a labeled probe to identify the gene of interest 
C) restriction enzyme digestion of DNA 
D) electrophoresis to separate fragments 
E) addition of heat-stable DNA polymerase to amplify DNA 
A) transfer of DNA to nitrocellulose 
B) addition of a labeled probe to identify the gene of interest 
C) restriction enzyme digestion of DNA 
D) electrophoresis to separate fragments 
E) addition of heat-stable DNA polymerase to amplify DNA

Question 11

RNAi technology involves

Accepted Answer

A) introducing a vector with an siRNA sequence into a cell. 
B) stimulating reverse transcriptase to produce mRNA. 
C) preventing protein production by destroying specific mRNA. 
D) sequencing small pieces of the genome and assembling them with a computer. 
E) both introducing siRNA into a cell and destroying specific mRNA. 
A) introducing a vector with an siRNA sequence into a cell. 
B) stimulating reverse transcriptase to produce mRNA. 
C) preventing protein production by destroying specific mRNA. 
D) sequencing small pieces of the genome and assembling them with a computer. 
E) both introducing siRNA into a cell and destroying specific mRNA.

Question 12

The fact that people continue to be concerned about the safety of DNA technology can be attributed to the following:

Accepted Answer

A) It is impossible to prove something is safe under all conceivable conditions. 
B) Science can definitively disprove hypotheses but can only provide supporting evidence for hypotheses. 
C) People are suspicious of science,in general. 
D) There is mounting scientific evidence that DNA technology is unsafe. 
E) Both that it is impossible to prove something is safe under all conditions and that science can only provide supporting evidence for hypotheses. 
A) It is impossible to prove something is safe under all conceivable conditions. 
B) Science can definitively disprove hypotheses but can only provide supporting evidence for hypotheses. 
C) People are suspicious of science,in general. 
D) There is mounting scientific evidence that DNA technology is unsafe. 
E) Both that it is impossible to prove something is safe under all conditions and that science can only provide supporting evidence for hypotheses.

Question 13

Which of the following is an advantage of using E.coli to make a human gene product?

Accepted Answer

A) Endotoxin may be in the product. 
B) It does not secrete most proteins. 
C) Its genes are well known. 
D) It cannot process introns. 
E) Endotoxin may be in the product and it does not secrete most proteins. 
A) Endotoxin may be in the product. 
B) It does not secrete most proteins. 
C) Its genes are well known. 
D) It cannot process introns. 
E) Endotoxin may be in the product and it does not secrete most proteins.

Question 14

Figure 9.2
  
-In Figure 9.2,the enzyme in step 2 is

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase. 
B) DNA ligase. 
C) RNA polymerase. 
D) reverse transcriptase. 
E) spliceosome. 
A) DNA polymerase. 
B) DNA ligase. 
C) RNA polymerase. 
D) reverse transcriptase. 
E) spliceosome.

Question 15

The following are steps used to make DNA fingerprints.What is the third step?

Accepted Answer

A) Collect DNA. 
B) Digest with a restriction enzyme. 
C) Perform electrophoresis. 
D) Lyse cells. 
E) Add stain. 
A) Collect DNA. 
B) Digest with a restriction enzyme. 
C) Perform electrophoresis. 
D) Lyse cells. 
E) Add stain.

Question 16

Bioinformatics is the use of computer technology to compare and analyze genome sequence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The Ti plasmid isolated from Agrobacterium can be used to insert DNA into any type of plant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The use of an antibiotic-resistance gene on a plasmid used in genetic engineering makes

Accepted Answer

A) replica plating possible. 
B) direct selection possible. 
C) the recombinant cell dangerous. 
D) the recombinant cell unable to survive. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) replica plating possible. 
B) direct selection possible. 
C) the recombinant cell dangerous. 
D) the recombinant cell unable to survive. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 19

Place the steps of constructing a genomic library in order.
I.Digest phage with restriction enzyme.
II.Lyse cells of interest and precipitate DNA.
III.Introduce constructs via transformation into competent E.coli cells.
IV.Perform ligation reaction with genome fragments and phage.
V.Digest genomic DNA with restriction enzyme.

Accepted Answer

A) V,IV,I,III.II. 
B) I,II,III,IV,V. 
C) II,I,III,V,IV. 
D) II,V,I,IV,III. 
E) IV,II,III,I,V. 
A) V,IV,I,III.II. 
B) I,II,III,IV,V. 
C) II,I,III,V,IV. 
D) II,V,I,IV,III. 
E) IV,II,III,I,V.

Question 20

Figure 9.1
  
-How many pieces will EcoRI produce from the plasmid shown in Figure 9.1?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5

Exam 9: Biotechnology and Dna Technology

A restriction fragment is

The development of DNA technology is bringing profound changes to science,agriculture and healthcare.Provide one example of a DNA technology and provide at least one advantage and one example of a concern or problem associated with its use.

The most important property of a DNA vector is

The study of genetic material taken directly from the environment is

Figure 9.4 In Figure 9.4,the bacteria transformed with the recombinant plasmid and plated on media containing ampicillin and X-gal will

Accomplishments of rDNA methods for agriculture include

Assume you have discovered a cell that produces a lipase that works in cold water for a laundry additive.You can increase the efficiency of this enzyme by changing one amino acid.This is done by

Figure 9.1 -In Figure 9.1,after digestion with the appropriate restriction enzyme,what is the smallest piece containing the entire ampicillin-resistance (amp)gene?

Figure 9.2 -In Figure 9.2,the enzyme in step 1 is

In the Southern blot technique,which of the following is NOT required?

RNAi technology involves

The fact that people continue to be concerned about the safety of DNA technology can be attributed to the following:

Which of the following is an advantage of using E.coli to make a human gene product?

Figure 9.2 -In Figure 9.2,the enzyme in step 2 is

The following are steps used to make DNA fingerprints.What is the third step?

Bioinformatics is the use of computer technology to compare and analyze genome sequence.

The Ti plasmid isolated from Agrobacterium can be used to insert DNA into any type of plant.

The use of an antibiotic-resistance gene on a plasmid used in genetic engineering makes

Figure 9.1 -How many pieces will EcoRI produce from the plasmid shown in Figure 9.1?

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, algae, protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses,viroids,and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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