Question 1

According to Haidt's evolutionary theory,humans have evolved as a species in which

Accepted Answer

A) quick moral intuitions are common and critical. 
B) females are better at suppressing amoral tendencies than males. 
C) moral decision-making is based solely on situational context. 
D) most moral decision-making involves long,deliberative reasoning. 
A) quick moral intuitions are common and critical. 
B) females are better at suppressing amoral tendencies than males. 
C) moral decision-making is based solely on situational context. 
D) most moral decision-making involves long,deliberative reasoning. A

Question 2

Contrary to what Piaget would think,Ben not only knew that Tracey broke the dollhouse,he knew why she did it.How old is Ben?

Accepted Answer

A) 18 months old 
B) 24 months old 
C) 3 years old 
D) 4 years old 
A) 18 months old 
B) 24 months old 
C) 3 years old 
D) 4 years old D

Question 3

Write short profiles of people who fall into each of the two subgroups of antisocial youths,including age of onset,possible behaviors,causes,and prognosis for later in life.

Accepted Answer

Subgroup 1: Early-Onset Antisocial Youths
- Age of onset: Typically begins in childhood or early adolescence
- Possible behaviors: Aggression, defiance, rule-breaking, substance abuse, truancy, criminal activities
- Causes: Genetic predisposition, exposure to violence or abuse, lack of parental supervision or discipline, family conflict
- Prognosis for later in life: Without intervention, these individuals are at a higher risk for continued criminal behavior, substance abuse, and difficulty forming stable relationships. However, with early intervention and support, some may be able to redirect their behavior and lead successful lives.

Subgroup 2: Late-Onset Antisocial Youths
- Age of onset: Typically begins in late adolescence or early adulthood
- Possible behaviors: Impulsive behavior, criminal activities, substance abuse, disregard for social norms, difficulty maintaining employment
- Causes: Peer influence, lack of positive role models, exposure to criminal behavior, personal trauma or stress
- Prognosis for later in life: Although these individuals may have a later onset of antisocial behavior, they still face an increased risk for continued criminal activity and substance abuse. However, with proper support and interventions, some may be able to change their behavior and lead more stable and productive lives.

Question 4

Piaget found that children have sophisticated morality because they believe in different,relative tiers of rules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Kohlberg's highest stage of moral reasoning involves

Accepted Answer

A) authority and social order-maintaining morality. 
B) individual rights and democratically accepted law. 
C) individual principles of conscience. 
D) instrumental hedonism. 
A) authority and social order-maintaining morality. 
B) individual rights and democratically accepted law. 
C) individual principles of conscience. 
D) instrumental hedonism.

Question 6

An individual who is at Kohlberg's conventional level of moral development is most likely to

Accepted Answer

A) do anything to avoid being punished. 
B) do something nice for someone so that the individual will be rewarded in return. 
C) ignore the intent of an act and focus on its impact. 
D) behave in ways that earn the approval and avoid the disapproval of others. 
A) do anything to avoid being punished. 
B) do something nice for someone so that the individual will be rewarded in return. 
C) ignore the intent of an act and focus on its impact. 
D) behave in ways that earn the approval and avoid the disapproval of others.

Question 7

At or before nine months of age,most children begin to _____.This activity is one of the earliest milestones in developing a theory of mind.

Accepted Answer

A) delay gratification 
B) show prosocial behavior 
C) engage in joint attention 
D) recognize themselves in a mirror 
A) delay gratification 
B) show prosocial behavior 
C) engage in joint attention 
D) recognize themselves in a mirror

Question 8

What important advance in social cognition generally occurs at age 11 or 12?

Accepted Answer

A) Children begin to describe others in terms of the activities they engage in. 
B) Children begin to describe others in terms of inner psychological traits and characteristics. 
C) Children begin to attempt to explain why people do what they do. 
D) Children begin to focus heavily on others' physical appearance in their descriptions of them. 
A) Children begin to describe others in terms of the activities they engage in. 
B) Children begin to describe others in terms of inner psychological traits and characteristics. 
C) Children begin to attempt to explain why people do what they do. 
D) Children begin to focus heavily on others' physical appearance in their descriptions of them.

Question 9

Dawn wanted a doll but didn't have money to buy one.At the mall,when she thought no one was looking,Dawn slipped one into her bag and left without paying for it.Later,when she was playing with it,Dawn found she wasn't enjoying herself and felt bad that she had stolen the toy.Taking the doll from the store represents the _____ component of morality,while the fact that Dawn felt badly represents the _____ component of morality.

Accepted Answer

A) emotional;cognitive 
B) behavioral;emotional 
C) cognitive;emotional 
D) behavioral;cognitive 
A) emotional;cognitive 
B) behavioral;emotional 
C) cognitive;emotional 
D) behavioral;cognitive

Question 10

Which is the LEAST developmentally advanced description of a friend?

Accepted Answer

A) "He has a big head and blue eyes." 
B) "He is pretty good at math." 
C) "He is so smart that everyone likes him." 
D) "He sometimes is nice and other times is mean." 
A) "He has a big head and blue eyes." 
B) "He is pretty good at math." 
C) "He is so smart that everyone likes him." 
D) "He sometimes is nice and other times is mean."

Question 11

Moral disengagement

Accepted Answer

A) tends to only be found in individuals with conduct disorders. 
B) allows a person to justify his or her own immoral behavior. 
C) is a basic component of the theory of mind. 
D) is found exclusively in premoral thinkers. 
A) tends to only be found in individuals with conduct disorders. 
B) allows a person to justify his or her own immoral behavior. 
C) is a basic component of the theory of mind. 
D) is found exclusively in premoral thinkers.

Question 12

According to Piaget,the moral reasoning of children ages 6 to 10 emphasizes

Accepted Answer

A) religious teachings. 
B) intentions. 
C) parental beliefs. 
D) outcomes. 
A) religious teachings. 
B) intentions. 
C) parental beliefs. 
D) outcomes.

Question 13

A group of ten middle-aged adults are discussing a complex moral issue that is impacting the nation.How many of these people will likely base their opinion on postconventional reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 5 
D) 7 
A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 5 
D) 7

Question 14

Kohlberg's theory of moral development claims that

Accepted Answer

A) regression from a higher to a lower stage of moral reasoning is quite common. 
B) through an exploration of moral dilemmas,it is possible to teach someone to skip over the lower stages of moral development. 
C) the sequence of stages one goes through may vary from one culture to another. 
D) a person's stage of moral development is determined by the person's thoughts,rather than his or her actions. 
A) regression from a higher to a lower stage of moral reasoning is quite common. 
B) through an exploration of moral dilemmas,it is possible to teach someone to skip over the lower stages of moral development. 
C) the sequence of stages one goes through may vary from one culture to another. 
D) a person's stage of moral development is determined by the person's thoughts,rather than his or her actions.

Question 15

Every time his daughter Morgan swears (something he does not like),Lou walks away from her (pays her no attention).This strategy provides a good example of the _____ parental approach.

Accepted Answer

A) power assertion 
B) induction 
C) love withdrawal 
D) empathy 
A) power assertion 
B) induction 
C) love withdrawal 
D) empathy

Question 16

Why do autistic children have difficulty passing the false belief task?

Accepted Answer

A) They lack the general intelligence. 
B) They lack the linguistic skills. 
C) They lack a theory of mind. 
D) They engage in too many stereotyped movements. 
A) They lack the general intelligence. 
B) They lack the linguistic skills. 
C) They lack a theory of mind. 
D) They engage in too many stereotyped movements.

Question 17

At the vaccination clinic,as soon as the first baby received the injection and started crying,all the other babies in the nurse practitioner's office burst into tears.These infants are demonstrating ________.

Accepted Answer

A) reciprocity 
B) prosocial behavior 
C) induction 
D) empathy 
A) reciprocity 
B) prosocial behavior 
C) induction 
D) empathy

Question 18

Which piece of advice would be LEAST effective for a parent trying to foster moral development in a toddler?

Accepted Answer

A) Discuss the toddler's behavior openly with them. 
B) Express your feelings. 
C) Minimize the results of a child's actions. 
D) Establish a positive and cooperative relationship with the child. 
A) Discuss the toddler's behavior openly with them. 
B) Express your feelings. 
C) Minimize the results of a child's actions. 
D) Establish a positive and cooperative relationship with the child.

Question 19

Ms.Chao assigned Leon to be room monitor while she went to the office to take a phone call.Within a minute,the first grade class devolved into chaos.When Ms.Chao returned,what did Leon say warranted the most serious punishment?

Accepted Answer

A) Tam and Ella passing secret notes 
B) Susie sneaking up to take a drink 
C) Miguel biting Brad on his elbow 
D) Asha scribbling on Paul's desk 
A) Tam and Ella passing secret notes 
B) Susie sneaking up to take a drink 
C) Miguel biting Brad on his elbow 
D) Asha scribbling on Paul's desk

Question 20

Children as young as _____ have been shown to display visible signs of distress when they violate some standard of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) newborns 
B) two years old 
C) four years old 
D) six years old 
A) newborns 
B) two years old 
C) four years old 
D) six years old

According to Haidt's evolutionary theory,humans have evolved as a species in which

Contrary to what Piaget would think,Ben not only knew that Tracey broke the dollhouse,he knew why she did it.How old is Ben?

Write short profiles of people who fall into each of the two subgroups of antisocial youths,including age of onset,possible behaviors,causes,and prognosis for later in life.

Piaget found that children have sophisticated morality because they believe in different,relative tiers of rules.

Kohlberg's highest stage of moral reasoning involves

An individual who is at Kohlberg's conventional level of moral development is most likely to

At or before nine months of age,most children begin to _____.This activity is one of the earliest milestones in developing a theory of mind.

What important advance in social cognition generally occurs at age 11 or 12?

Which is the LEAST developmentally advanced description of a friend?

Moral disengagement

According to Piaget,the moral reasoning of children ages 6 to 10 emphasizes

A group of ten middle-aged adults are discussing a complex moral issue that is impacting the nation.How many of these people will likely base their opinion on postconventional reasoning?

Kohlberg's theory of moral development claims that

Every time his daughter Morgan swears (something he does not like),Lou walks away from her (pays her no attention).This strategy provides a good example of the _____ parental approach.

Why do autistic children have difficulty passing the false belief task?

At the vaccination clinic,as soon as the first baby received the injection and started crying,all the other babies in the nurse practitioner's office burst into tears.These infants are demonstrating ________.

Which piece of advice would be LEAST effective for a parent trying to foster moral development in a toddler?

Ms.Chao assigned Leon to be room monitor while she went to the office to take a phone call.Within a minute,the first grade class devolved into chaos.When Ms.Chao returned,what did Leon say warranted the most serious punishment?

Children as young as _____ have been shown to display visible signs of distress when they violate some standard of behavior.

Understanding Life-Span Human Development

Theories of Human Development

Genes,Environment,and Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Body, Brain, and Health

Sensation, Perception, and Action

Cognition

Memory and Information Processing

Intelligence and Creativity

Language and Education

Self and Personality

Gender Roles and Sexuality

Emotions, Attachment, and Social Relationships

The Family

Developmental Psychopathology

The Final Challenge: Death and Dying

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Exam 13: Social Cognition and Moral Development

According to Haidt's evolutionary theory,humans have evolved as a species in which

Contrary to what Piaget would think,Ben not only knew that Tracey broke the dollhouse,he knew why she did it.How old is Ben?

Write short profiles of people who fall into each of the two subgroups of antisocial youths,including age of onset,possible behaviors,causes,and prognosis for later in life.

Piaget found that children have sophisticated morality because they believe in different,relative tiers of rules.

Kohlberg's highest stage of moral reasoning involves

An individual who is at Kohlberg's conventional level of moral development is most likely to

At or before nine months of age,most children begin to _____.This activity is one of the earliest milestones in developing a theory of mind.

What important advance in social cognition generally occurs at age 11 or 12?

Which is the LEAST developmentally advanced description of a friend?

Moral disengagement

According to Piaget,the moral reasoning of children ages 6 to 10 emphasizes

A group of ten middle-aged adults are discussing a complex moral issue that is impacting the nation.How many of these people will likely base their opinion on postconventional reasoning?

Kohlberg's theory of moral development claims that

Every time his daughter Morgan swears (something he does not like),Lou walks away from her (pays her no attention).This strategy provides a good example of the _____ parental approach.

Why do autistic children have difficulty passing the false belief task?

At the vaccination clinic,as soon as the first baby received the injection and started crying,all the other babies in the nurse practitioner's office burst into tears.These infants are demonstrating ________.

Which piece of advice would be LEAST effective for a parent trying to foster moral development in a toddler?

Ms.Chao assigned Leon to be room monitor while she went to the office to take a phone call.Within a minute,the first grade class devolved into chaos.When Ms.Chao returned,what did Leon say warranted the most serious punishment?

Children as young as _____ have been shown to display visible signs of distress when they violate some standard of behavior.

Understanding Life-Span Human Development

Theories of Human Development

Genes,Environment,and Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Body, Brain, and Health

Sensation, Perception, and Action

Cognition

Memory and Information Processing

Intelligence and Creativity

Language and Education

Self and Personality

Gender Roles and Sexuality

Emotions, Attachment, and Social Relationships

The Family

Developmental Psychopathology

The Final Challenge: Death and Dying

Filters