Exam 8: A: Language and Thought

You've been rolling a die for the last five minutes, and you haven't rolled a 6 even once. Which of the following are you using if you predict that the results of the next roll are independent of all other rolls?

What is the term for basing the estimated probability of an event on the ease with which instances come to mind?

What do we mean when we say that language is generative?

Dr. Sciorro believes that because the majority of children acquire language without any effort, there must be a biological mechanism that facilitates language learning. Which of the following theorists most closely mirror Dr. Sciorro's views of language development?

Kailee has learned the word "kitty," but she uses this word when she is referring to cats, bunnies, squirrels, and other small furry animals. What does this example illustrate?

As Dr. Trelawny marks the first three midterms for her class, she notes that the grades are very high. She then thinks that this class must be exceptionally bright. What is Dr. Trelawny using to make this illogical assumption?

Which of the following statements is least accurate?

When Graham is printing copies from the computer in the library, the paper keeps jamming in the machine. He takes the paper out of the paper tray, fans it, and then flips it over, so the other side of the paper feeds first. This is the way he solves similar problems on the photocopy machine at the office where he works. Which problem-solving heuristic is consistent with Graham's method of solving the problem?

Imagine that a race of extraterrestrials came to earth. These extraterrestrials quickly learned to use Earth words to convey meaningful messages, but they never created new combinations of words or learned how to use rules to create meaningful sentences. Which of the following would be true of their communications?

Which of the following research projects would be most likely to be conducted by someone in the field of behavioural economics?

You are at a daycare centre and you hear three 12-month-old babies babbling, each baby from a different racial/ethnic background (Asian, Hispanic, and Caucasian). What should be true of the babbling of each of these infants?

As Jesse was attempting to solve the problem, he got an idea when he saw the straw in the juice glass. What is the term that is used for recognizing a solution to a problem in this way?

In cultures that depend on hunting and gathering for subsistence, which cognitive style is more adaptive?

What is subjective probability?

Which type of theorist emphasizes the functional value of interactions among people?

Jacob is thinking of buying a $1 lottery ticket. In Lottery A, his odds of winning are 1 out of 1000, and he may win $500. In Lottery B, his odds of winning are 1 out of 5000, but he may win $5000. What will Jacob choose to do based on expected value theory?

What did it illustrate when Jesse recognized that the straw could be used for something other than drinking juice?

When using elimination by aspects, which aspect should you evaluate first?

A 40-year-old couple emigrates from Poland to England. They have an 18-year-old son and a 9-year-old daughter. What should you expect about their second-language learning based on research that has investigated mastery of English as a second language?

Which of your text's unifying themes is illustrated by the fact that choices which are objectively identical can seem very different when reframed in different terms?