Question 1

What is subjective utility

Accepted Answer

A)  an individual's willingness to take risks 
B)  a personal estimate of what the probability of an outcome is 
C)  the expected value of an outcome 
D)  what an outcome is personally worth to an individual 
A)  an individual's willingness to take risks 
B)  a personal estimate of what the probability of an outcome is 
C)  the expected value of an outcome 
D)  what an outcome is personally worth to an individual

Question 2

Based on Masuda and Nisbett's study on cognitive style,what conclusions can be made regarding cultural differences in cognitive style

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultural differences in cognitive style are mild. 
B)  Cultural differences in cognitive style are substantial. 
C)  There are no cross-cultural differences observed in cognitive style. 
D)  The results were inconclusive. 
A)  Cultural differences in cognitive style are mild. 
B)  Cultural differences in cognitive style are substantial. 
C)  There are no cross-cultural differences observed in cognitive style. 
D)  The results were inconclusive.

Question 3

Which type of theory best accounts for the apparent rapidity and ease of language acquisition in early childhood

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviourist 
B)  cognitive 
C)  nativist 
D)  social communication 
A)  behaviourist 
B)  cognitive 
C)  nativist 
D)  social communication

Question 4

Which type of rule is violated in the following "sentence": "The nervous the stared thick at exam student"

Accepted Answer

A)  syntax 
B)  psycholinguistics 
C)  heuristic 
D)  denotation 
A)  syntax 
B)  psycholinguistics 
C)  heuristic 
D)  denotation

Question 5

What are you demonstrating if you tend to persist in using the same problem-solving strategy time after time

Accepted Answer

A)  delusion 
B)  mental set 
C)  illusion 
D)  generic insight 
A)  delusion 
B)  mental set 
C)  illusion 
D)  generic insight

Question 6

Overregularizations occur as children master language skills.Which theory of language development does this provide evidence against

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioural 
B)  linguistic relativity 
C)  interactionist 
D)  nativist 
A)  behavioural 
B)  linguistic relativity 
C)  interactionist 
D)  nativist

Question 7

Lance is trying to solve a complex anagram puzzle.He systematically tries every potential solution by testing each possible combination of the letters provided.What is Lance doing in this case

Accepted Answer

A)  working backward 
B)  using means-ends analysis 
C)  using a heuristic 
D)  using an algorithm 
A)  working backward 
B)  using means-ends analysis 
C)  using a heuristic 
D)  using an algorithm

Question 8

Which of your text's unifying themes is illustrated by the fact that choices which are objectively identical can seem very different when reframed in different terms

Accepted Answer

A)  People's experience of the world is highly subjective. 
B)  Behaviour is shaped by our cultural heritage. 
C)  Psychology is theoretically diverse. 
D)  Heredity and environment jointly influence behaviour. 
A)  People's experience of the world is highly subjective. 
B)  Behaviour is shaped by our cultural heritage. 
C)  Psychology is theoretically diverse. 
D)  Heredity and environment jointly influence behaviour.

Question 9

What is functional fixedness

Accepted Answer

A)  the inability to discover the relations among the parts of a problem 
B)  the sudden discovery of the correct solution following incorrect attempts based primarily on trial and error 
C)  the inability to carry out a sequence of transformations in order to reach a specific goal 
D)  the tendency to perceive an item only in terms of its most common use 
A)  the inability to discover the relations among the parts of a problem 
B)  the sudden discovery of the correct solution following incorrect attempts based primarily on trial and error 
C)  the inability to carry out a sequence of transformations in order to reach a specific goal 
D)  the tendency to perceive an item only in terms of its most common use

Question 10

Why do children learn a language,according to Skinner

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a natural consequence of cognitive maturation, as the quality of thought improves with age. 
B)  They imitate, and then parents provide reinforcement and shaping. 
C)  It is a natural consequence of a complex and mature brain. 
D)  They possess an innate language acquisition device. 
A)  It is a natural consequence of cognitive maturation, as the quality of thought improves with age. 
B)  They imitate, and then parents provide reinforcement and shaping. 
C)  It is a natural consequence of a complex and mature brain. 
D)  They possess an innate language acquisition device.

Question 11

Marie received a puzzle as a present for her birthday.The puzzle has three pegs,and to solve the puzzle a person is required to move nine disks from the centre peg to one of the outside pegs.However,only one disk can be moved at a time,and a larger disk can never be placed on top of a smaller disk.What type of problem is this

Accepted Answer

A)  problem of arrangement 
B)  problem of transformation 
C)  problem of inducing structure 
D)  ill-defined problem 
A)  problem of arrangement 
B)  problem of transformation 
C)  problem of inducing structure 
D)  ill-defined problem

Question 12

Which term refers to a highly popular method for learning a second language in Canada

Accepted Answer

A)  immersion 
B)  elementary school 
C)  university 
D)  home-schooling 
A)  immersion 
B)  elementary school 
C)  university 
D)  home-schooling

Question 13

What does functional fixedness refer to

Accepted Answer

A)  not seeing a new function for a familiar object 
B)  arriving at a particularly insightful solution to a problem 
C)  continued use of problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past 
D)  focusing on information that is irrelevant to the solution of the problem 
A)  not seeing a new function for a familiar object 
B)  arriving at a particularly insightful solution to a problem 
C)  continued use of problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past 
D)  focusing on information that is irrelevant to the solution of the problem

Question 14

What type of problem are you solving if you reorganize the letters "OSHOT" to form an English word

Accepted Answer

A)  lexical analysis 
B)  inducing structure 
C)  arrangement 
D)  transformation 
A)  lexical analysis 
B)  inducing structure 
C)  arrangement 
D)  transformation

Question 15

You flip a fair coin ten times.Each time it comes up heads,you get 10 cents.Each time it comes up tails,you lose 5 cents.What is your expected value for each flip of the coin

Accepted Answer

A)  -5 cents 
B)  +5 cents 
C)  -10 cents 
D)  +10 cents 
A)  -5 cents 
B)  +5 cents 
C)  -10 cents 
D)  +10 cents

Question 16

What would change depending on whether you used a word in a literal sentence or a sarcastic sentence

Accepted Answer

A)  denotation 
B)  phonemes 
C)  connotation 
D)  morphemes 
A)  denotation 
B)  phonemes 
C)  connotation 
D)  morphemes

Question 17

Reed is an avid basketball fan who is excited by the fact that the local professional team has won the first five games of the season.Based on this early performance,Reed is looking forward to a record-breaking season.Why does this faulty logic illustrate an error in statistical reasoning

Accepted Answer

A)  Later performance is seldom related to early performance. 
B)  Small samples are the most accurate representation of final outcomes. 
C)  Small samples cannot be expected to provide reliable indications of long-run performance. 
D)  Winning streaks usually last for only a short period of time. 
A)  Later performance is seldom related to early performance. 
B)  Small samples are the most accurate representation of final outcomes. 
C)  Small samples cannot be expected to provide reliable indications of long-run performance. 
D)  Winning streaks usually last for only a short period of time.

Question 18

Which situation would lead you to suspect that the child has a language development problem

Accepted Answer

A)  A 1-year-old child understands a few words and can say a few words. 
B)  A 2-year-old child babbles and uses a few words. 
C)  A 3-year-old child uses grammar correctly around 75 percent to 80 percent of the time. 
D)  A 5-year-old child can use language much better than a chimpanzee. 
A)  A 1-year-old child understands a few words and can say a few words. 
B)  A 2-year-old child babbles and uses a few words. 
C)  A 3-year-old child uses grammar correctly around 75 percent to 80 percent of the time. 
D)  A 5-year-old child can use language much better than a chimpanzee.

Question 19

Andi says "sawed" instead of "seen" or "saw." What type of common error is this

Accepted Answer

A)  overextension 
B)  underextension 
C)  overregularization 
D)  underregularization 
A)  overextension 
B)  underextension 
C)  overregularization 
D)  underregularization

Question 20

What do people focus on if they are using an analytic cognitive style

Accepted Answer

A)  following step-by-step procedures, rather than using mental shortcuts 
B)  objects and their properties, rather than overall context 
C)  external frames of reference, and that the environment is taken as a given 
D)  context and relationships among the elements in a field 
A)  following step-by-step procedures, rather than using mental shortcuts 
B)  objects and their properties, rather than overall context 
C)  external frames of reference, and that the environment is taken as a given 
D)  context and relationships among the elements in a field

Exam 8: A: Language and Thought

What is subjective utility

Based on Masuda and Nisbett's study on cognitive style,what conclusions can be made regarding cultural differences in cognitive style

Which type of theory best accounts for the apparent rapidity and ease of language acquisition in early childhood

Which type of rule is violated in the following "sentence": "The nervous the stared thick at exam student"

What are you demonstrating if you tend to persist in using the same problem-solving strategy time after time

Overregularizations occur as children master language skills.Which theory of language development does this provide evidence against

Lance is trying to solve a complex anagram puzzle.He systematically tries every potential solution by testing each possible combination of the letters provided.What is Lance doing in this case

Which of your text's unifying themes is illustrated by the fact that choices which are objectively identical can seem very different when reframed in different terms

What is functional fixedness

Why do children learn a language,according to Skinner

Which term refers to a highly popular method for learning a second language in Canada

What does functional fixedness refer to

What type of problem are you solving if you reorganize the letters "OSHOT" to form an English word

You flip a fair coin ten times.Each time it comes up heads,you get 10 cents.Each time it comes up tails,you lose 5 cents.What is your expected value for each flip of the coin

What would change depending on whether you used a word in a literal sentence or a sarcastic sentence

Reed is an avid basketball fan who is excited by the fact that the local professional team has won the first five games of the season.Based on this early performance,Reed is looking forward to a record-breaking season.Why does this faulty logic illustrate an error in statistical reasoning

Which situation would lead you to suspect that the child has a language development problem

Andi says "sawed" instead of "seen" or "saw." What type of common error is this

What do people focus on if they are using an analytic cognitive style

A: The Evolution of Psychology

B: The Evolution of Psychology

C: The Evolution of Psychology

A: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

B: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

A: The Biological Bases of Behaviour

B: The Biological Bases of Behaviour

C: The Biological Basis of Behaviour

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

A: Variations in Consciousness

B: Variations in Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

A: Human Memory

B: Human Memory

B: Language and Thought

A: Intelligence and Psychological Testing

B: Intelligence and Psychological Testing

C: Intelligence Psychological Testing

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

A: Human Development Across the Life Span

B: Human Development Across the Life Span

C: Human Development Across the Lifespan

A: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment

B: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment

A: Social Behaviour

B: Social Behaviour

A: Stress, Coping, and Health

B: Stress, Coping, and Health

C: Stress, Coping Health

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

A: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

B: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters