Question 1

Lichens reproduce asexually by ___________,which are hyphal -packaged algae cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  soredia 
B)  ascus 
C)  conidia 
D)  zygospores 
E)  sporozoites 
A)  soredia 
B)  ascus 
C)  conidia 
D)  zygospores 
E)  sporozoites A

Question 2

Many of the rumen bacteria specialize in the breakdown of these macromolecules.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins 
B)  cellulose polymers 
C)  peptidoglycans 
D)  nucleic acids 
E)  fatty acids 
A)  proteins 
B)  cellulose polymers 
C)  peptidoglycans 
D)  nucleic acids 
E)  fatty acids B

Question 3

Cellulose consumed by the lower termite is hydrolyzed by cellulases produced by _____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  fungi 
B)  bacteria 
C)  archaeons 
D)  the termite 
E)  yeast 
A)  fungi 
B)  bacteria 
C)  archaeons 
D)  the termite 
E)  yeast D

Question 4

The host-range specificity between specific legumes with specific rhizobia involves the transcriptional inactivation of the bacterial nod genes through the secretion of specific ___________ by the plant.

Accepted Answer

A)  flavonoids 
B)  sugars 
C)  fatty acids 
D)  nucleotides 
E)  lactones 
A)  flavonoids 
B)  sugars 
C)  fatty acids 
D)  nucleotides 
E)  lactones

Question 5

Which of these is TRUE of ruminants?

Accepted Answer

A)  They possess a single stomach chamber and long cecum. 
B)  They are considered to be hindgut fermenters. 
C)  They are inefficient in the digestion of plant material. 
D)  They obtain nutrients from digestion carried out by rumen microorganisms. 
E)  They often consume their own feces. 
A)  They possess a single stomach chamber and long cecum. 
B)  They are considered to be hindgut fermenters. 
C)  They are inefficient in the digestion of plant material. 
D)  They obtain nutrients from digestion carried out by rumen microorganisms. 
E)  They often consume their own feces.

Question 6

The most common inhabitants of the human skin are members of which phyla?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes 
B)  Proteobacteria and Firmicutes 
C)  Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes 
D)  Firmicutes and Actinobacteria 
E)  Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria 
A)  Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes 
B)  Proteobacteria and Firmicutes 
C)  Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes 
D)  Firmicutes and Actinobacteria 
E)  Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria

Question 7

The majority of Archaea found in the human intestinal tract are _____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  sulfate-reducing bacteria 
B)  halobacteria 
C)  sulfide oxidizing bacteria 
D)  methanogens 
E)  fermenters 
A)  sulfate-reducing bacteria 
B)  halobacteria 
C)  sulfide oxidizing bacteria 
D)  methanogens 
E)  fermenters

Question 8

Most endosymbionts of invertebrates can easily be cultured.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Describe the process of rumen fermentation and nutrient acquisition by ruminants.

Accepted Answer

Rumen fermentation is a complex process

Question 10

Acetogenesis is the production of acetic acid from which material(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  lactate 
B)  pyruvate 
C)  carbon dioxide and hydrogen 
D)  oxaloacetate 
E)  glucose 
A)  lactate 
B)  pyruvate 
C)  carbon dioxide and hydrogen 
D)  oxaloacetate 
E)  glucose

Question 11

Which of these is TRUE of an ectosymbiont?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is always harmful to the host. 
B)  It is either harmful or beneficial to the host. 
C)  It is always beneficial to the host. 
D)  It is best described as a mutualistic relationship. 
E)  It is best described as a commensal relationship. 
A)  It is always harmful to the host. 
B)  It is either harmful or beneficial to the host. 
C)  It is always beneficial to the host. 
D)  It is best described as a mutualistic relationship. 
E)  It is best described as a commensal relationship.

Question 12

Which of these is characteristic of the nitrogenase enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is produced by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 
B)  It converts dinitrogen to nitrate. 
C)  It requires hydrogen gas for activity. 
D)  It is irreversibly inactivated by oxygen. 
E)  It is found in all plant symbionts. 
A)  It is produced by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 
B)  It converts dinitrogen to nitrate. 
C)  It requires hydrogen gas for activity. 
D)  It is irreversibly inactivated by oxygen. 
E)  It is found in all plant symbionts.

Question 13

How do primary endosymbionts of insects differ from secondary endosymbionts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary endosymbionts provide the insect with nutrients. 
B)  Secondary endosymbionts protect the insect from harmful bacteria. 
C)  Secondary endosymbionts do not remain with the host after three or four generations. 
D)  Primary endosymbionts show evidence of co-speciation with the host insect. 
E)  Secondary endosymbionts can easily be cultured. 
A)  Primary endosymbionts provide the insect with nutrients. 
B)  Secondary endosymbionts protect the insect from harmful bacteria. 
C)  Secondary endosymbionts do not remain with the host after three or four generations. 
D)  Primary endosymbionts show evidence of co-speciation with the host insect. 
E)  Secondary endosymbionts can easily be cultured.

Question 14

Once rhizobia enter the plant cell through the infection thread they undergo rapid multiplication and differentiation into pleomorphic nitrogen fixing cells called _____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  shizonts 
B)  bacteroids 
C)  elementary bodies 
D)  reticulate forms 
E)  nitromorphs 
A)  shizonts 
B)  bacteroids 
C)  elementary bodies 
D)  reticulate forms 
E)  nitromorphs

Question 15

Plaque on human teeth is considered a biofilm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The heaviest colonized area of the human body is the __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The heaviest colonized area of the human...

Question 17

Most microbial symbionts of invertebrates are in this group.

Accepted Answer

A)  yeast 
B)  Archaea 
C)  protozoa 
D)  algae 
E)  Bacteria 
A)  yeast 
B)  Archaea 
C)  protozoa 
D)  algae 
E)  Bacteria

Question 18

Bradyrhizobium japonicum will form nodules on soybeans but not on peas,alfalfa,or beans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A group of microorganisms that are interdependent on one another for the stability of the community is called a/an__________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of A group of microorganisms that are interdependent...

Question 20

Microbes in the rumen are very efficient at converting ____________ and _________ into amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonia and urea 
B)  glucose and pyruvate 
C)  starch and cellulose 
D)  fatty acids and acetate 
E)  pyruvate and lactate 
A)  ammonia and urea 
B)  glucose and pyruvate 
C)  starch and cellulose 
D)  fatty acids and acetate 
E)  pyruvate and lactate

Exam 17: Microbial Symbionts

Lichens reproduce asexually by ___________,which are hyphal -packaged algae cells.

Many of the rumen bacteria specialize in the breakdown of these macromolecules.

Cellulose consumed by the lower termite is hydrolyzed by cellulases produced by _____ .

The host-range specificity between specific legumes with specific rhizobia involves the transcriptional inactivation of the bacterial nod genes through the secretion of specific ___________ by the plant.

Which of these is TRUE of ruminants?

The most common inhabitants of the human skin are members of which phyla?

The majority of Archaea found in the human intestinal tract are _____ .

Most endosymbionts of invertebrates can easily be cultured.

Describe the process of rumen fermentation and nutrient acquisition by ruminants.

Acetogenesis is the production of acetic acid from which material(s)?

Which of these is TRUE of an ectosymbiont?

Which of these is characteristic of the nitrogenase enzyme?

How do primary endosymbionts of insects differ from secondary endosymbionts?

Once rhizobia enter the plant cell through the infection thread they undergo rapid multiplication and differentiation into pleomorphic nitrogen fixing cells called _____ .

Plaque on human teeth is considered a biofilm.

The heaviest colonized area of the human body is the __________.

Most microbial symbionts of invertebrates are in this group.

Bradyrhizobium japonicum will form nodules on soybeans but not on peas,alfalfa,or beans.

A group of microorganisms that are interdependent on one another for the stability of the community is called a/an__________________

Microbes in the rumen are very efficient at converting ____________ and _________ into amino acids.

The Microbial World

Bacteria

Eukaryal Microbes

Archaea

Viruses

Cultivating Microorganisms

DNA Replication and Gene Expression

Viral Replication Strategies

Bacterial Genetic Analysis

Microbial Genomics

Regulation of Gene Expression

Microbial Biotechnology

Metabolism

Biogeochemical Cycles

Microbial Ecosystems

The Microbiology of Food and Water

Introduction to Infectious Diseases

Innate Host Defenses Against Microbial Invasion

Adaptive Immunity

Survival in the Host

Viral Pathogenesis

Eukaryal Microbe Pathogenesis

Control of Infectious Diseases

Filters

Microbes in the rumen are very efficient at converting ____ and _ into amino acids.