Question 1

Expression vectors are used for which of these processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  site-directed mutagenesis 
B)  directed enzyme evolution 
C)  recombinant protein production 
D)  random mutagenesis 
E)  DNA shuffling experiments 
A)  site-directed mutagenesis 
B)  directed enzyme evolution 
C)  recombinant protein production 
D)  random mutagenesis 
E)  DNA shuffling experiments C

Question 2

Which of these would be an example of a "primary metabolite" fermentation product?

Accepted Answer

A)  ethanol 
B)  penicillin 
C)  streptomycin 
D)  bacitracin 
E)  erythromycin. 
A)  ethanol 
B)  penicillin 
C)  streptomycin 
D)  bacitracin 
E)  erythromycin. A

Question 3

Which was the first recombinant human protein produced and marketed commercially?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  human growth hormone 
C)  recombinant factor VIII 
D)  cytochrome c oxidase 
E)  thyroid hormone 
A)  insulin 
B)  human growth hormone 
C)  recombinant factor VIII 
D)  cytochrome c oxidase 
E)  thyroid hormone A

Question 4

Why is an affinity tag fusion protein is produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  To increase the biological activity of the protein. 
B)  To increase overall expression of the cloned gene. 
C)  To facilitate the purification of the recombinant protein. 
D)  To ensure correct transcription termination. 
E)  To ensure that translation starts correctly. 
A)  To increase the biological activity of the protein. 
B)  To increase overall expression of the cloned gene. 
C)  To facilitate the purification of the recombinant protein. 
D)  To ensure correct transcription termination. 
E)  To ensure that translation starts correctly.

Question 5

Why are microbial enzymes for the production of many pharmaceutical drugs sometimes favored over chemical synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microbial enzymes catalyze stereospecific reactions. 
B)  Microbial enzymes are easier to obtain. 
C)  Microbial enzymes are cheaper to produce. 
D)  Microbial enzymes are more temperature sensitive. 
E)  Microbial enzymes catalyze the reaction at a faster rates. 
A)  Microbial enzymes catalyze stereospecific reactions. 
B)  Microbial enzymes are easier to obtain. 
C)  Microbial enzymes are cheaper to produce. 
D)  Microbial enzymes are more temperature sensitive. 
E)  Microbial enzymes catalyze the reaction at a faster rates.

Question 6

Which of the following methods have been used to increase product production by an industrial microbial strain?

Accepted Answer

A)  site-directed mutagenesis 
B)  random mutagenesis 
C)  transformation 
D)  transduction 
E)  all of these choices have been used. 
A)  site-directed mutagenesis 
B)  random mutagenesis 
C)  transformation 
D)  transduction 
E)  all of these choices have been used.

Question 7

Which of these utilizes "error-prone polymerase chain reaction"?

Accepted Answer

A)  site-directed mutagenesis 
B)  directed enzyme evolution 
C)  random mutagenesis of the genome 
D)  gene linkage experiments 
E)  gene regulation experiments 
A)  site-directed mutagenesis 
B)  directed enzyme evolution 
C)  random mutagenesis of the genome 
D)  gene linkage experiments 
E)  gene regulation experiments

Question 8

Random mutagenesis is often used in industry to produce microbial strains that have increased production ability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Millions of tons of this amino acid,commonly used as a flavor enhancer,are produced annually.

Accepted Answer

A)  methionine 
B)  glycine 
C)  glutamate 
D)  valine 
E)  leucine 
A)  methionine 
B)  glycine 
C)  glutamate 
D)  valine 
E)  leucine

Question 10

Why might butanol be a better biofuel than ethanol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Butanol has a higher octane rating. 
B)  Butanol is easier to produce. 
C)  Butanol contains more energy per unit volume. 
D)  Butanol can be produced from cheaper feedstocks. 
E)  Butanol costs less to produce. 
A)  Butanol has a higher octane rating. 
B)  Butanol is easier to produce. 
C)  Butanol contains more energy per unit volume. 
D)  Butanol can be produced from cheaper feedstocks. 
E)  Butanol costs less to produce.

Question 11

Why are microalgae an attractive source of biodiesel?

Accepted Answer

Microalgae are considered an attractive

Question 12

Bioreactors or fermentors are used in industry to maximize cell density and therefore also increase product ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bioreactors or fermentors are used in industry...

Question 13

How do fed batch reactors maximize cell density,and therefore product yield?

Accepted Answer

A)  By limiting a nutrient over time. 
B)  By maximizing cell growth rate. 
C)  By supplying excess essential vitamins. 
D)  By providing excess oxygen for growth. 
E)  By maintaining an anaerobic environment. 
A)  By limiting a nutrient over time. 
B)  By maximizing cell growth rate. 
C)  By supplying excess essential vitamins. 
D)  By providing excess oxygen for growth. 
E)  By maintaining an anaerobic environment.

Question 14

Most motor vehicles sold in this country burn ethanol rather than gasoline.

Accepted Answer

A)  United States 
B)  Canada 
C)  Mexico 
D)  Russia 
E)  Brazil 
A)  United States 
B)  Canada 
C)  Mexico 
D)  Russia 
E)  Brazil

Question 15

Polyhydroxyalkanoates are associated with the production of this material.

Accepted Answer

A)  ethanol 
B)  methane 
C)  biodiesel 
D)  butanol 
E)  bioplastics 
A)  ethanol 
B)  methane 
C)  biodiesel 
D)  butanol 
E)  bioplastics

Question 16

Which of these amino acids are used for the production of the sweetener aspartame?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycine and asparagine 
B)  glutamate and asparagine 
C)  aspartate and phenylalanine 
D)  aspartate and glycine 
E)  tryptophan and proline 
A)  glycine and asparagine 
B)  glutamate and asparagine 
C)  aspartate and phenylalanine 
D)  aspartate and glycine 
E)  tryptophan and proline

Question 17

When are secondary metabolites are produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  During biosynthesis of amino acids. 
B)  During catabolism. 
C)  After exponential growth has ceased. 
D)  Before exponential growth begins. 
E)  As byproducts of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis. 
A)  During biosynthesis of amino acids. 
B)  During catabolism. 
C)  After exponential growth has ceased. 
D)  Before exponential growth begins. 
E)  As byproducts of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis.

Question 18

All secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms are used as antibiotics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Modern laundry detergents contain proteases,lipases,amylases,and oxidases for the removal of stains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Some types of anti-cholesterol drugs,such as the statins,are produced by microbes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Microbial Biotechnology

Expression vectors are used for which of these processes?

Which of these would be an example of a "primary metabolite" fermentation product?

Which was the first recombinant human protein produced and marketed commercially?

Why is an affinity tag fusion protein is produced?

Why are microbial enzymes for the production of many pharmaceutical drugs sometimes favored over chemical synthesis?

Which of the following methods have been used to increase product production by an industrial microbial strain?

Which of these utilizes "error-prone polymerase chain reaction"?

Random mutagenesis is often used in industry to produce microbial strains that have increased production ability.

Millions of tons of this amino acid,commonly used as a flavor enhancer,are produced annually.

Why might butanol be a better biofuel than ethanol?

Why are microalgae an attractive source of biodiesel?

Bioreactors or fermentors are used in industry to maximize cell density and therefore also increase product ________.

How do fed batch reactors maximize cell density,and therefore product yield?

Most motor vehicles sold in this country burn ethanol rather than gasoline.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates are associated with the production of this material.

Which of these amino acids are used for the production of the sweetener aspartame?

When are secondary metabolites are produced?

All secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms are used as antibiotics.

Modern laundry detergents contain proteases,lipases,amylases,and oxidases for the removal of stains.

Some types of anti-cholesterol drugs,such as the statins,are produced by microbes.

The Microbial World

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Eukaryal Microbes

Archaea

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Cultivating Microorganisms

DNA Replication and Gene Expression

Viral Replication Strategies

Bacterial Genetic Analysis

Microbial Genomics

Regulation of Gene Expression

Metabolism

Biogeochemical Cycles

Microbial Ecosystems

The Microbiology of Food and Water

Microbial Symbionts

Introduction to Infectious Diseases

Innate Host Defenses Against Microbial Invasion

Adaptive Immunity

Survival in the Host

Viral Pathogenesis

Eukaryal Microbe Pathogenesis

Control of Infectious Diseases

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