Question 1

Macrophages perform all of the following functions EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  present antigen on MHC I type molecules. 
B)  present antigen on MHC II type molecules. 
C)  phagocytize bacteria. 
D)  produce antibody. 
E)  activate T cells. 
A)  present antigen on MHC I type molecules. 
B)  present antigen on MHC II type molecules. 
C)  phagocytize bacteria. 
D)  produce antibody. 
E)  activate T cells. D

Question 2

When does antibody diversity occur in a B cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  After a mature B cell is exposed to an antigen. 
B)  After stimulation by TH1 cell. 
C)  After stimulation by TH2 cell. 
D)  During B cell maturation. 
E)  After a mature B cell processes an antigen. 
A)  After a mature B cell is exposed to an antigen. 
B)  After stimulation by TH1 cell. 
C)  After stimulation by TH2 cell. 
D)  During B cell maturation. 
E)  After a mature B cell processes an antigen. D

Question 3

What is the first antibody made in the primary immune response?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgA 
B)  IgD 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgG 
E)  IgM 
A)  IgA 
B)  IgD 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgG 
E)  IgM E

Question 4

Salts or oils commonly added to vaccines to enhance the immunogenicity of the vaccine antigens are called _________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Salts or oils commonly added to vaccines...

Question 5

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)has__________ antigen-binding sites.

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
E)  six 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
E)  six

Question 6

Which of these is true of B cell receptors (BCRs)?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are able to bind soluble antigen. 
B)  They present processed antigen to T cells. 
C)  They comprise the MHC complex of B cells. 
D)  They are different from antibody produced by the B cell. 
E)  They activate naïve T cells. 
A)  They are able to bind soluble antigen. 
B)  They present processed antigen to T cells. 
C)  They comprise the MHC complex of B cells. 
D)  They are different from antibody produced by the B cell. 
E)  They activate naïve T cells.

Question 7

What are plasma cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antibody producing cells. 
B)  The same as memory B cells. 
C)  Any lymphocyte in the blood stream. 
D)  The same as memory CD8⁺ T cells. 
E)  T-helper cells. 
A)  Antibody producing cells. 
B)  The same as memory B cells. 
C)  Any lymphocyte in the blood stream. 
D)  The same as memory CD8⁺ T cells. 
E)  T-helper cells.

Question 8

Immunoglobulin A (IgA)in secretions has ______ antigen binding sites.

Accepted Answer

A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  six 
E)  eight 
A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  six 
E)  eight

Question 9

TH2 cells function by releasing cytokines that:

Accepted Answer

A)  cause proliferation of antigen activated CD8⁺ T cells. 
B)  enhance phagocytosis by macrophages. 
C)  enhance phagocytic killing by macrophages. 
D)  enhance phagocytosis by neutrophils. 
E)  cause proliferation of antigen activated B cells. 
A)  cause proliferation of antigen activated CD8⁺ T cells. 
B)  enhance phagocytosis by macrophages. 
C)  enhance phagocytic killing by macrophages. 
D)  enhance phagocytosis by neutrophils. 
E)  cause proliferation of antigen activated B cells.

Question 10

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)performs all the following activities except one.Which activity does it NOT perform?

Accepted Answer

A)  degranulation of basophils 
B)  toxin neutralization 
C)  opsonization 
D)  complement activation 
E)  crossing of the placenta 
A)  degranulation of basophils 
B)  toxin neutralization 
C)  opsonization 
D)  complement activation 
E)  crossing of the placenta

Question 11

Exogenous antigen can be taken up by antigen-presenting cells through phagocytosis,processed,and presented to T cells on their surface by these.

Accepted Answer

A)  MHC I molecules 
B)  MHC II molecules 
C)  interleukin 2 molecules 
D)  tumor necrosis factor alpha 
E)  interferon gamma 
A)  MHC I molecules 
B)  MHC II molecules 
C)  interleukin 2 molecules 
D)  tumor necrosis factor alpha 
E)  interferon gamma

Question 12

Which of these best describes an antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)  A receptor on an immune cell. 
B)  An immune receptor that binds to a ligand. 
C)  Any component that can be specifically bound by an immune receptor. 
D)  Any type of ligand. 
E)  Any type of immunogen. 
A)  A receptor on an immune cell. 
B)  An immune receptor that binds to a ligand. 
C)  Any component that can be specifically bound by an immune receptor. 
D)  Any type of ligand. 
E)  Any type of immunogen.

Question 13

Describe the role of TH2 in antibody production.

Accepted Answer

TH2 cells play a crucial role in antibod

Question 14

Antibodies produced by a single B cell are all identical to one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What are the two main functions of B cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of naïve CD4⁺ T cells and antibody production. 
B)  Activation of effector CD8⁺ T cells and antibody production. 
C)  Activation of naïve CD4⁺ T cells and effector CD8⁺ T cells. 
D)  Activation of effector CD4⁺ T cell and antibody production. 
E)  Activation of naïve CD4⁺ T cells and effector CD4⁺ T cells. 
A)  Activation of naïve CD4⁺ T cells and antibody production. 
B)  Activation of effector CD8⁺ T cells and antibody production. 
C)  Activation of naïve CD4⁺ T cells and effector CD8⁺ T cells. 
D)  Activation of effector CD4⁺ T cell and antibody production. 
E)  Activation of naïve CD4⁺ T cells and effector CD4⁺ T cells.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the primary immune response?

Accepted Answer

A)  The response only involves T cells. 
B)  Only a few cells can initially recognize the specific antigen. 
C)  The response is slow and may take several weeks to develop. 
D)  Clonal expansion of B cells and T cells occur after antigen exposure. 
E)  Memory cells produced during this response can last for years. 
A)  The response only involves T cells. 
B)  Only a few cells can initially recognize the specific antigen. 
C)  The response is slow and may take several weeks to develop. 
D)  Clonal expansion of B cells and T cells occur after antigen exposure. 
E)  Memory cells produced during this response can last for years.

Question 17

What is function of the FC region of the antibody molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  It binds the antigen. 
B)  It binds complement. 
C)  It binds specific receptors on phagocytes. 
D)  Options b and c are correct. 
E)  Options a, b, and c are all correct. 
A)  It binds the antigen. 
B)  It binds complement. 
C)  It binds specific receptors on phagocytes. 
D)  Options b and c are correct. 
E)  Options a, b, and c are all correct.

Question 18

What is the function of interleukin-2?

Accepted Answer

A)  A growth factor for T-cells. 
B)  An antigen presenting molecule on the surface of B cells. 
C)  An activator of dendritic cells. 
D)  A chemoattractant for PMNs. e. A trigger for degranulation of PMNs. 
A)  A growth factor for T-cells. 
B)  An antigen presenting molecule on the surface of B cells. 
C)  An activator of dendritic cells. 
D)  A chemoattractant for PMNs. e. A trigger for degranulation of PMNs.

Question 19

TH2 cells play an important role in the humoral immunity response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Lymph nodes are an example of primary lymphoid organs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 20: Adaptive Immunity

Macrophages perform all of the following functions EXCEPT:

When does antibody diversity occur in a B cell?

What is the first antibody made in the primary immune response?

Salts or oils commonly added to vaccines to enhance the immunogenicity of the vaccine antigens are called _________________.

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)has__________ antigen-binding sites.

Which of these is true of B cell receptors (BCRs)?

What are plasma cells?

Immunoglobulin A (IgA)in secretions has ______ antigen binding sites.

TH2 cells function by releasing cytokines that:

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)performs all the following activities except one.Which activity does it NOT perform?

Exogenous antigen can be taken up by antigen-presenting cells through phagocytosis,processed,and presented to T cells on their surface by these.

Which of these best describes an antigen?

Describe the role of TH2 in antibody production.

Antibodies produced by a single B cell are all identical to one another.

What are the two main functions of B cells?

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the primary immune response?

What is function of the FC region of the antibody molecule?

What is the function of interleukin-2?

TH2 cells play an important role in the humoral immunity response.

Lymph nodes are an example of primary lymphoid organs.

The Microbial World

Bacteria

Eukaryal Microbes

Archaea

Viruses

Cultivating Microorganisms

DNA Replication and Gene Expression

Viral Replication Strategies

Bacterial Genetic Analysis

Microbial Genomics

Regulation of Gene Expression

Microbial Biotechnology

Metabolism

Biogeochemical Cycles

Microbial Ecosystems

The Microbiology of Food and Water

Microbial Symbionts

Introduction to Infectious Diseases

Innate Host Defenses Against Microbial Invasion

Survival in the Host

Viral Pathogenesis

Eukaryal Microbe Pathogenesis

Control of Infectious Diseases

Filters