Question 1

In order to understand the way the brain and nervous system function, it is important to remember that

Accepted Answer

A)  the nervous system communicates primarily via electrical messages. 
B)  the nervous system communicates primarily via chemical messages. 
C)  communication in the nervous system depends on how large the action potentials are. 
D)  communication in the nervous system is dependent on both electrical and chemical messages. 
A)  the nervous system communicates primarily via electrical messages. 
B)  the nervous system communicates primarily via chemical messages. 
C)  communication in the nervous system depends on how large the action potentials are. 
D)  communication in the nervous system is dependent on both electrical and chemical messages.

Question 2

Compared with ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors respond more

Accepted Answer

A)  rapidly but with shorter-lasting effects. 
B)  rapidly and have longer-lasting effects. 
C)  slowly but with shorter-lasting effects. 
D)  slowly and have longer-lasting effects. 
A)  rapidly but with shorter-lasting effects. 
B)  rapidly and have longer-lasting effects. 
C)  slowly but with shorter-lasting effects. 
D)  slowly and have longer-lasting effects.

Question 3

Calcium pumps differ from sodium-potassium pumps in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  do not require energy in order to operate. 
B)  are rarely found in the CNS. 
C)  do not collect another type of ion in exchange for the calcium they pump out of the cell. 
D)  are not essential for the healthy operation of the nervous system. 
A)  do not require energy in order to operate. 
B)  are rarely found in the CNS. 
C)  do not collect another type of ion in exchange for the calcium they pump out of the cell. 
D)  are not essential for the healthy operation of the nervous system.

Question 4

Your brain differentiates between a tap on your arm and a sharp slap on your arm by the

Accepted Answer

A)  number of action potentials produced in response to the sensory input. 
B)  size of the action potentials produced in response to the sensory input. 
C)  kind of neurotransmitters released at the synapse of the sensory neuron. 
D)  number (two or more different kinds) of neurotransmitters released at the synapse of the sensory neuron. 
A)  number of action potentials produced in response to the sensory input. 
B)  size of the action potentials produced in response to the sensory input. 
C)  kind of neurotransmitters released at the synapse of the sensory neuron. 
D)  number (two or more different kinds) of neurotransmitters released at the synapse of the sensory neuron.

Question 5

Ribosomes are built by the

Accepted Answer

A)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  nucleolus 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi apparatus. 
A)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  nucleolus 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi apparatus.

Question 6

Ion selectivity is a feature of

Accepted Answer

A)  both ion channels and ion pumps. 
B)  neither ion channels nor ion pumps. 
C)  ion channels but not ion pumps. 
D)  ion pumps but not ion channels. 
A)  both ion channels and ion pumps. 
B)  neither ion channels nor ion pumps. 
C)  ion channels but not ion pumps. 
D)  ion pumps but not ion channels.

Question 7

The most common structural type of neuron in the vertebrate nervous system is the

Accepted Answer

A)  unipolar neuron. 
B)  bipolar neuron. 
C)  multipolar neuron. 
D)  interneuron. 
A)  unipolar neuron. 
B)  bipolar neuron. 
C)  multipolar neuron. 
D)  interneuron.

Question 8

A structural matrix for neurons is provided by

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes. 
B)  oligodendrocytes. 
C)  Schwann cells. 
D)  microglia. 
A)  astrocytes. 
B)  oligodendrocytes. 
C)  Schwann cells. 
D)  microglia.

Question 9

As seen in the picture, the relative refractory period begins approximately _________ msec after the beginning of the rise of the action potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  Zero 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3.5 
A)  Zero 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3.5

Question 10

Myelinated axons have large numbers of ion channels

Accepted Answer

A)  along the entire length. 
B)  at the axon hillock and nodes of Ranvier. 
C)  only at the axon terminals. 
D)  only at the axon hillock. 
A)  along the entire length. 
B)  at the axon hillock and nodes of Ranvier. 
C)  only at the axon terminals. 
D)  only at the axon hillock.

Question 11

If you were designing communication between two neurons, would you choose to myelinate the presynaptic axon? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

If I were designing communication betwee

Question 12

In a healthy brain, adjacent microtubules are connected by

Accepted Answer

A)  microfilaments. 
B)  neurofilaments. 
C)  tau proteins. 
D)  phospholipids. 
A)  microfilaments. 
B)  neurofilaments. 
C)  tau proteins. 
D)  phospholipids.

Question 13

A commonly used method of lethal injection involves the injection of potassium. Explain why having too much potassium in your extracellular fluid would be fatal.

Accepted Answer

The process of lethal injection uses a c

Question 14

As much as 20 to 40 percent of the energy required by the brain is used by

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium-potassium pumps. 
B)  calcium pumps. 
C)  anterograde transport within neurons. 
D)  retrograde transport within neurons. 
A)  sodium-potassium pumps. 
B)  calcium pumps. 
C)  anterograde transport within neurons. 
D)  retrograde transport within neurons.

Question 15

Myelinated axons in human beings conduct action potentials about _________ unmyelinated axons in invertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A)  as fast as 
B)  half as fast as 
C)  six times faster than 
D)  24 times faster than 
A)  as fast as 
B)  half as fast as 
C)  six times faster than 
D)  24 times faster than

Question 16

An important function of the astrocytes is to regulate the chemical environment of the synaptic gap. The ability of astrocytes to remove which of the following chemicals from the synaptic gap is especially important?

Accepted Answer

A)  magnesium 
B)  potassium 
C)  sodium 
D)  tetrodotoxin 
A)  magnesium 
B)  potassium 
C)  sodium 
D)  tetrodotoxin

Question 17

Which of the types of cytoskeleton fiber may be involved with structural changes in response to learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  microfilaments 
B)  neurofilaments 
C)  tau proteins 
D)  microtubules 
A)  microfilaments 
B)  neurofilaments 
C)  tau proteins 
D)  microtubules

Question 18

Intracellular fluid is rich in

Accepted Answer

A)  K+, with small amounts of Na+ and Cl?. 
B)  K+ and Cl?, with very small amounts of Na+. 
C)  Cl?, with very small amounts of K+ and Na+. 
D)  Na+ and Cl?, with small amounts of K+. 
A)  K+, with small amounts of Na+ and Cl?. 
B)  K+ and Cl?, with very small amounts of Na+. 
C)  Cl?, with very small amounts of K+ and Na+. 
D)  Na+ and Cl?, with small amounts of K+.

Question 19

Branches that serve as locations at which information is received from other neurons are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrites. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  cell bodies. 
A)  dendrites. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  cell bodies.

Question 20

Which type of glia actually helps guide the regrowth of axons following injury?

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  Schwann cells 
D)  microglia 
A)  astrocytes 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  Schwann cells 
D)  microglia

In order to understand the way the brain and nervous system function, it is important to remember that

Compared with ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors respond more

Calcium pumps differ from sodium-potassium pumps in that they

Your brain differentiates between a tap on your arm and a sharp slap on your arm by the

Ribosomes are built by the

Ion selectivity is a feature of

The most common structural type of neuron in the vertebrate nervous system is the

A structural matrix for neurons is provided by

As seen in the picture, the relative refractory period begins approximately _ msec after the beginning of the rise of the action potential. $As seen in the picture, the relative refractory period begins approximately _ msec after the beginning of the rise of the action potential.$

Myelinated axons have large numbers of ion channels

If you were designing communication between two neurons, would you choose to myelinate the presynaptic axon? Why or why not?

In a healthy brain, adjacent microtubules are connected by

A commonly used method of lethal injection involves the injection of potassium. Explain why having too much potassium in your extracellular fluid would be fatal.

As much as 20 to 40 percent of the energy required by the brain is used by

Myelinated axons in human beings conduct action potentials about _________ unmyelinated axons in invertebrates.

An important function of the astrocytes is to regulate the chemical environment of the synaptic gap. The ability of astrocytes to remove which of the following chemicals from the synaptic gap is especially important?

Which of the types of cytoskeleton fiber may be involved with structural changes in response to learning?

Intracellular fluid is rich in

Branches that serve as locations at which information is received from other neurons are known as

Which type of glia actually helps guide the regrowth of axons following injury?

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Exam 3: Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

In order to understand the way the brain and nervous system function, it is important to remember that

Compared with ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors respond more

Calcium pumps differ from sodium-potassium pumps in that they

Your brain differentiates between a tap on your arm and a sharp slap on your arm by the

Ribosomes are built by the

Ion selectivity is a feature of

The most common structural type of neuron in the vertebrate nervous system is the

A structural matrix for neurons is provided by

As seen in the picture, the relative refractory period begins approximately _________ msec after the beginning of the rise of the action potential.

Myelinated axons have large numbers of ion channels

If you were designing communication between two neurons, would you choose to myelinate the presynaptic axon? Why or why not?

In a healthy brain, adjacent microtubules are connected by

A commonly used method of lethal injection involves the injection of potassium. Explain why having too much potassium in your extracellular fluid would be fatal.

As much as 20 to 40 percent of the energy required by the brain is used by

Myelinated axons in human beings conduct action potentials about _________ unmyelinated axons in invertebrates.

An important function of the astrocytes is to regulate the chemical environment of the synaptic gap. The ability of astrocytes to remove which of the following chemicals from the synaptic gap is especially important?

Which of the types of cytoskeleton fiber may be involved with structural changes in response to learning?

Intracellular fluid is rich in

Branches that serve as locations at which information is received from other neurons are known as

Which type of glia actually helps guide the regrowth of axons following injury?

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

As seen in the picture, the relative refractory period begins approximately _ msec after the beginning of the rise of the action potential. $As seen in the picture, the relative refractory period begins approximately _ msec after the beginning of the rise of the action potential.$