Question 1

Neurons with short axons that communicate primarily with adjacent cells are known as _________ neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory 
B)  motor 
C)  projection 
D)  local circuit 
A)  sensory 
B)  motor 
C)  projection 
D)  local circuit

Question 2

What do some neuroscientists mean when they use the term kiss and run?

Accepted Answer

A)  The presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes actually touch or "kiss." 
B)  Synaptic vesicles touch or "kiss" each other inside the presynaptic terminal. 
C)  Neurotransmitter molecules "kiss" receptors, and then return to the synaptic gap. 
D)  Synaptic vesicles "kiss" the axon terminal membrane, releasing only a part of their contents. 
A)  The presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes actually touch or "kiss." 
B)  Synaptic vesicles touch or "kiss" each other inside the presynaptic terminal. 
C)  Neurotransmitter molecules "kiss" receptors, and then return to the synaptic gap. 
D)  Synaptic vesicles "kiss" the axon terminal membrane, releasing only a part of their contents.

Question 3

If the neural membrane allowed sodium ions to move freely, the resting potential of a neuron would be approximately _________mV.

Accepted Answer

A)  -70 
B)  -65 
C)  10 
D)  60 
A)  -70 
B)  -65 
C)  10 
D)  60

Question 4

The organelles responsible for providing energy for the cell are the

Accepted Answer

A)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  nucleolus. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi apparatus. 
A)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  nucleolus. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi apparatus.

Question 5

What determines the type of process used to terminate chemical communication at the synapse?

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of neurotransmitter involved 
B)  the quantity of neurotransmitter involved 
C)  the physical characteristics of the postsynaptic cell, such as being unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar 
D)  whether the neurotransmitter molecules interacted with metabotropic or ionotropic receptors 
A)  the type of neurotransmitter involved 
B)  the quantity of neurotransmitter involved 
C)  the physical characteristics of the postsynaptic cell, such as being unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar 
D)  whether the neurotransmitter molecules interacted with metabotropic or ionotropic receptors

Question 6

Gap junctions provide the ability to send only excitatory messages. What advantages are gained by having the ability to send both excitatory and inhibitory messages?

Accepted Answer

Although gap junctions are fast, chemica

Question 7

The neural cell membrane consists of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  outer layer of proteins and an inner layer of phospholipids. 
B)  single layer of phospholipids. 
C)  double layer of phospholipids. 
D)  double layer of proteins. 
A)  outer layer of proteins and an inner layer of phospholipids. 
B)  single layer of phospholipids. 
C)  double layer of phospholipids. 
D)  double layer of proteins.

Question 8

Microtubules are the largest type of fibers found in the neural cytoskeleton.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A neuron may produce another action potential in response to larger than normal depolarization during the

Accepted Answer

A)  absolute refractory period. 
B)  relative refractory period. 
C)  depolarization phase of the action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarization phase of an action potential. 
A)  absolute refractory period. 
B)  relative refractory period. 
C)  depolarization phase of the action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarization phase of an action potential.

Question 10

A single Schwann cell may myelinate axons from an average of _____ different neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  only 1 
B)  2 to 5 axons 
C)  6 to 10 
D)  15 or more 
A)  only 1 
B)  2 to 5 axons 
C)  6 to 10 
D)  15 or more

Question 11

Professor Winston is observing the effects of a new drug on neurons in the spinal cord that participate in reflexes by forming a bridge between incoming sensory information and outgoing motor commands. The neurons that Professor Winston is studying are most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neurons. 
B)  motor neurons. 
C)  interneurons. 
D)  von Economo neurons. 
A)  sensory neurons. 
B)  motor neurons. 
C)  interneurons. 
D)  von Economo neurons.

Question 12

Knobs located on the dendrites that provide additional locations for synapses are known as dendritic

Accepted Answer

A)  spikes. 
B)  spines. 
C)  filopodia. 
D)  lamellipodia. 
A)  spikes. 
B)  spines. 
C)  filopodia. 
D)  lamellipodia.

Question 13

Following injury, which type of glia may actually inhibit neural regrowth by forming scar tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  Schwann cells 
D)  microglia 
A)  astrocytes 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  Schwann cells 
D)  microglia

Question 14

?(see Figure 3.12)
Potassium ions (K+) are pushed ____________________ the cell by diffusion and ____________________ the cell by electrostatic pressure.
?

Accepted Answer

The answer of  ?(see Figure 3.12)
Potassium ions (K+) are pushed...

Question 15

The nervous system encodes greater intensity of a given stimulus by

Accepted Answer

A)  forming action potentials with higher peaks. 
B)  forming action potentials that last a longer time. 
C)  increasing the rate of firing. 
D)  reducing the number of neurons that are responding. 
A)  forming action potentials with higher peaks. 
B)  forming action potentials that last a longer time. 
C)  increasing the rate of firing. 
D)  reducing the number of neurons that are responding.

Question 16

Similar to a neuron's cell membrane, synaptic vesicles are made of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  outer layer of proteins and an inner layer of phospholipids. 
B)  single layer of phospholipids. 
C)  double-lipid molecule structure. 
D)  double layer of proteins. 
A)  outer layer of proteins and an inner layer of phospholipids. 
B)  single layer of phospholipids. 
C)  double-lipid molecule structure. 
D)  double layer of proteins.

Question 17

The first consequence of a neuron's reaching threshold for an action potential is the opening of _________ channels.

Accepted Answer

A)  voltage-dependent sodium 
B)  voltage-dependent potassium 
C)  ligand-gated sodium 
D)  ligand-gated potassium 
A)  voltage-dependent sodium 
B)  voltage-dependent potassium 
C)  ligand-gated sodium 
D)  ligand-gated potassium

Question 18

In the resting cell, depicted in this figure, sodium is

Accepted Answer

A)  too large to pass through any channels. 
B)  pushed into the cell by diffusion but out of the cell by electrostatic pressure. 
C)  pushed out of the cell by diffusion but into the cell by electrostatic pressure. 
D)  pushed into the cell by both diffusion and electrostatic pressure. 
A)  too large to pass through any channels. 
B)  pushed into the cell by diffusion but out of the cell by electrostatic pressure. 
C)  pushed out of the cell by diffusion but into the cell by electrostatic pressure. 
D)  pushed into the cell by both diffusion and electrostatic pressure.

Question 19

The tendency for molecules to distribute themselves equally within a medium is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis. 
B)  diffusion. 
C)  electrostatic pressure. 
D)  equilibrium. 
A)  osmosis. 
B)  diffusion. 
C)  electrostatic pressure. 
D)  equilibrium.

Question 20

The difference between the intracellular and extracellular environments at the peak of the action potential is approximately _________mV.

Accepted Answer

A)  -70 
B)  -65 
C)  40 
D)  65 
A)  -70 
B)  -65 
C)  40 
D)  65

Neurons with short axons that communicate primarily with adjacent cells are known as _________ neurons.

What do some neuroscientists mean when they use the term kiss and run?

If the neural membrane allowed sodium ions to move freely, the resting potential of a neuron would be approximately _________mV.

The organelles responsible for providing energy for the cell are the

What determines the type of process used to terminate chemical communication at the synapse?

Gap junctions provide the ability to send only excitatory messages. What advantages are gained by having the ability to send both excitatory and inhibitory messages?

The neural cell membrane consists of a(n)

Microtubules are the largest type of fibers found in the neural cytoskeleton.

A neuron may produce another action potential in response to larger than normal depolarization during the

A single Schwann cell may myelinate axons from an average of _____ different neurons.

Professor Winston is observing the effects of a new drug on neurons in the spinal cord that participate in reflexes by forming a bridge between incoming sensory information and outgoing motor commands. The neurons that Professor Winston is studying are most likely

Knobs located on the dendrites that provide additional locations for synapses are known as dendritic

Following injury, which type of glia may actually inhibit neural regrowth by forming scar tissue?

?(see Figure 3.12) Potassium ions (K+) are pushed the cell by diffusion and the cell by electrostatic pressure. ?

The nervous system encodes greater intensity of a given stimulus by

Similar to a neuron's cell membrane, synaptic vesicles are made of a(n)

The first consequence of a neuron's reaching threshold for an action potential is the opening of _________ channels.

In the resting cell, depicted in this figure, sodium is

The tendency for molecules to distribute themselves equally within a medium is known as

The difference between the intracellular and extracellular environments at the peak of the action potential is approximately _________mV.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Exam 3: Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Neurons with short axons that communicate primarily with adjacent cells are known as _________ neurons.

What do some neuroscientists mean when they use the term kiss and run?

If the neural membrane allowed sodium ions to move freely, the resting potential of a neuron would be approximately _________mV.

The organelles responsible for providing energy for the cell are the

What determines the type of process used to terminate chemical communication at the synapse?

Gap junctions provide the ability to send only excitatory messages. What advantages are gained by having the ability to send both excitatory and inhibitory messages?

The neural cell membrane consists of a(n)

Microtubules are the largest type of fibers found in the neural cytoskeleton.

A neuron may produce another action potential in response to larger than normal depolarization during the

A single Schwann cell may myelinate axons from an average of _____ different neurons.

Professor Winston is observing the effects of a new drug on neurons in the spinal cord that participate in reflexes by forming a bridge between incoming sensory information and outgoing motor commands. The neurons that Professor Winston is studying are most likely

Knobs located on the dendrites that provide additional locations for synapses are known as dendritic

Following injury, which type of glia may actually inhibit neural regrowth by forming scar tissue?

?(see Figure 3.12) Potassium ions (K+) are pushed ____________________ the cell by diffusion and ____________________ the cell by electrostatic pressure. ?

The nervous system encodes greater intensity of a given stimulus by

Similar to a neuron's cell membrane, synaptic vesicles are made of a(n)

The first consequence of a neuron's reaching threshold for an action potential is the opening of _________ channels.

In the resting cell, depicted in this figure, sodium is

The tendency for molecules to distribute themselves equally within a medium is known as

The difference between the intracellular and extracellular environments at the peak of the action potential is approximately _________mV.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

?(see Figure 3.12) Potassium ions (K+) are pushed the cell by diffusion and the cell by electrostatic pressure. ?