Question 1

Discuss three ways the synapse can be cleared following neurotransmitter release.

Accepted Answer

Neurochemicals bind very briefly to rece

Question 2

Bipolar neurons have two branches leaving the cell body and are frequently found in the sensory systems of mammals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Anterograde and retrograde transport within neurons occurs along

Accepted Answer

A)  microtubules. 
B)  neurofilaments. 
C)  microfilaments. 
D)  transport sites. 
A)  microtubules. 
B)  neurofilaments. 
C)  microfilaments. 
D)  transport sites.

Question 4

The substructure within a neuron's cell body that contains the cell's DNA is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  axon 
B)  dendrite 
C)  nucleus 
D)  nucleolus 
A)  axon 
B)  dendrite 
C)  nucleus 
D)  nucleolus

Question 5

In a myelinated axon, action potentials are produced

Accepted Answer

A)  only at the axon hillock. 
B)  only at the axon hillock and at the nodes of Ranvier. 
C)  along the entire length of the axon membrane. 
D)  only under segments of myelin. 
A)  only at the axon hillock. 
B)  only at the axon hillock and at the nodes of Ranvier. 
C)  along the entire length of the axon membrane. 
D)  only under segments of myelin.

Question 6

Neurons that are specialized to receive information from the outside world are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neurons. 
B)  motor neurons. 
C)  multipolar neurons. 
D)  interneurons. 
A)  sensory neurons. 
B)  motor neurons. 
C)  multipolar neurons. 
D)  interneurons.

Question 7

The gaps between cells involved in a chemical synapse are _________ gaps between cells involved in gap junctions.

Accepted Answer

A)  wider than 
B)  smaller than 
C)  about the same as 
D)  in some cases wider and in some cases smaller than 
A)  wider than 
B)  smaller than 
C)  about the same as 
D)  in some cases wider and in some cases smaller than

Question 8

Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheaths in the central nervous system (CNS).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A neuron typically reaches threshold for an action potential when it is depolarized by at least _________mV.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 to 2 
B)  2 to 5 
C)  5 to 10 
D)  10 to 12 
A)  1 to 2 
B)  2 to 5 
C)  5 to 10 
D)  10 to 12

Question 10

Additional action potentials can occur in response to stronger-than-normal stimulation during a neuron's absolute refractory period.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following structures are typically found within the axon terminal?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria and synaptic vesicles 
B)  the nucleolus and synaptic vesicles 
C)  myelin and mitochondria 
D)  the nucleolus and endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  mitochondria and synaptic vesicles 
B)  the nucleolus and synaptic vesicles 
C)  myelin and mitochondria 
D)  the nucleolus and endoplasmic reticulum

Question 12

Differentiate between the two types of refractory periods. As part of your answer, make sure to include why both of these processes exist.

Accepted Answer

Once the voltage-dependent sodium channe

Question 13

What characteristic of EPSPs and IPSPs makes temporal summation possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  They last a longer time than action potentials. 
B)  They are larger than action potentials. 
C)  They produce more movement of sodium than action potentials. 
D)  They do not have absolute refractory periods. 
A)  They last a longer time than action potentials. 
B)  They are larger than action potentials. 
C)  They produce more movement of sodium than action potentials. 
D)  They do not have absolute refractory periods.

Question 14

Many common brain disorders, including stroke, may result in damage due to the release of the amino acid glutamate by

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes. 
B)  oligodendrocytes. 
C)  Schwann cells. 
D)  microglia. 
A)  astrocytes. 
B)  oligodendrocytes. 
C)  Schwann cells. 
D)  microglia.

Question 15

Which type of glia is responsible for forming myelin in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  Schwann cells 
D)  microglia 
A)  astrocytes 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  Schwann cells 
D)  microglia

Question 16

A neuron is unable to produce another action potential under any circumstances during the

Accepted Answer

A)  absolute refractory period. 
B)  relative refractory period. 
C)  depolarization phase of the action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarization phase of an action potential. 
A)  absolute refractory period. 
B)  relative refractory period. 
C)  depolarization phase of the action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarization phase of an action potential.

Question 17

How are oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells similar? How are they different?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells are b

Question 18

A neuron's maximum rate of firing is theoretically about _________ action potentials per second.

Accepted Answer

A)  200 
B)  500 
C)  1,000 
D)  10,000 
A)  200 
B)  500 
C)  1,000 
D)  10,000

Question 19

Larger diameter axons usually transmit information _________ smaller diameter axons.

Accepted Answer

A)  faster than 
B)  more slowly than 
C)  at the same rate as 
D)  using less energy than 
A)  faster than 
B)  more slowly than 
C)  at the same rate as 
D)  using less energy than

Question 20

The relative refractory period occurs because

Accepted Answer

A)  the cell is hyperpolarized, requiring a larger than normal stimulus in order to form another action potential. 
B)  it takes time for the sodium-potassium pumps to return ion concentrations to the normal resting state. 
C)  only one action potential at a time can travel the length of an axon. 
D)  sodium channels cannot reopen until the cell regains its resting potential. 
A)  the cell is hyperpolarized, requiring a larger than normal stimulus in order to form another action potential. 
B)  it takes time for the sodium-potassium pumps to return ion concentrations to the normal resting state. 
C)  only one action potential at a time can travel the length of an axon. 
D)  sodium channels cannot reopen until the cell regains its resting potential.

Discuss three ways the synapse can be cleared following neurotransmitter release.

Bipolar neurons have two branches leaving the cell body and are frequently found in the sensory systems of mammals.

Anterograde and retrograde transport within neurons occurs along

The substructure within a neuron's cell body that contains the cell's DNA is called the ________.

In a myelinated axon, action potentials are produced

Neurons that are specialized to receive information from the outside world are known as

The gaps between cells involved in a chemical synapse are _________ gaps between cells involved in gap junctions.

Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheaths in the central nervous system (CNS).

A neuron typically reaches threshold for an action potential when it is depolarized by at least _________mV.

Additional action potentials can occur in response to stronger-than-normal stimulation during a neuron's absolute refractory period.

Which of the following structures are typically found within the axon terminal?

Differentiate between the two types of refractory periods. As part of your answer, make sure to include why both of these processes exist.

What characteristic of EPSPs and IPSPs makes temporal summation possible?

Many common brain disorders, including stroke, may result in damage due to the release of the amino acid glutamate by

Which type of glia is responsible for forming myelin in the CNS?

A neuron is unable to produce another action potential under any circumstances during the

How are oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells similar? How are they different?

A neuron's maximum rate of firing is theoretically about _________ action potentials per second.

Larger diameter axons usually transmit information _________ smaller diameter axons.

The relative refractory period occurs because

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

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Exam 3: Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Discuss three ways the synapse can be cleared following neurotransmitter release.

Bipolar neurons have two branches leaving the cell body and are frequently found in the sensory systems of mammals.

Anterograde and retrograde transport within neurons occurs along

The substructure within a neuron's cell body that contains the cell's DNA is called the ________.

In a myelinated axon, action potentials are produced

Neurons that are specialized to receive information from the outside world are known as

The gaps between cells involved in a chemical synapse are _________ gaps between cells involved in gap junctions.

Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheaths in the central nervous system (CNS).

A neuron typically reaches threshold for an action potential when it is depolarized by at least _________mV.

Additional action potentials can occur in response to stronger-than-normal stimulation during a neuron's absolute refractory period.

Which of the following structures are typically found within the axon terminal?

Differentiate between the two types of refractory periods. As part of your answer, make sure to include why both of these processes exist.

What characteristic of EPSPs and IPSPs makes temporal summation possible?

Many common brain disorders, including stroke, may result in damage due to the release of the amino acid glutamate by

Which type of glia is responsible for forming myelin in the CNS?

A neuron is unable to produce another action potential under any circumstances during the

How are oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells similar? How are they different?

A neuron's maximum rate of firing is theoretically about _________ action potentials per second.

Larger diameter axons usually transmit information _________ smaller diameter axons.

The relative refractory period occurs because

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters