Exam 5: Learning

In a classic study by Bandura, children who observed an aggressive model exhibited significantly less aggressive behavior than children in a control group.

When individuals receive biofeedback training to, say, lower their blood pressure, reinforcement is provided in the form of

According to the text, media violence is said to do all of the following EXCEPT

In conditioning, ________________ is the tendency for a conditioned response to be evoked by stimuli that are similar to the stimulus to which the response was conditioned.

In operant conditioning, a stimulus that indicates that reinforcement is available is called a discriminative stimulus.

While attempting to identify neural receptors that trigger salivary glands, Ivan Pavlov inadvertently found that reflexes can be learned through

Biofeedback, behavior modification, and programmed learning are all applications of __________ __________.

According to contingency theory, a randomly presented conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus would not change behavior because

Who developed programmed learning?

An involuntary response is to classical conditioning as a voluntary response is to _________.

You are walking along and are suddenly startled by the loud sound of a truck backfiring. Your startle response is the __________, and the sound of the backfire is the __________.

When a young child sees a cow and calls it "doggie," this is an example of

The most thrilling part of a rollercoaster ride is the speed of the rapid descent. Yet your excitement begins to build as you wait in line and gradually increases as you board the train, strap yourself in, and begin the slow incline. These increments in level of excitement during this whole process is an example of

While on vacation, twelve years ago, Benjamin became extremely ill when he ate some shrimp. The fact that he cannot eat shrimp to this day is a classic example of

With Pavlov's classic work, before conditioning occurred, __________ was the UR, and __________ was the US.

As a young child, you could not read, but through many reinforcing experiences with your parents and teachers, you learned to read and still can. This is most consistent with which definition of learning?

According to the __________ perspective, an organism learns the association between two stimuli because they are paired together, not because the organism knows that one stimulus will follow another.

The major difference between counterconditioning and flooding is that counterconditioning

A variable ratio schedule is best described as providing reinforcement after

When a young child saw her older sister receive extra money for helping clean up around the house, it is likely that she experienced