Question 1

A teacher announces that there will be pop quizzes throughout the semester. What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) a variable ratio schedule 
B) a fixed ratio schedule 
C) a fixed interval schedule 
D) a variable interval schedule 
A) a variable ratio schedule 
B) a fixed ratio schedule 
C) a fixed interval schedule 
D) a variable interval schedule

Question 2

Research shows that playing violent video games is associated with

Accepted Answer

A) increases in aggressive thoughts and behavior in the laboratory. 
B) a history of juvenile delinquency. 
C) a greater likelihood of males acting aggressively after playing the games. 
D) all of these 
A) increases in aggressive thoughts and behavior in the laboratory. 
B) a history of juvenile delinquency. 
C) a greater likelihood of males acting aggressively after playing the games. 
D) all of these

Question 3

E. C. Tolman's work on latent learning demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A) rats can learn a maze in the absence of reinforcement. 
B) rats cannot learn a maze in the absence of reinforcement. 
C) dogs can be conditioned when tones and shocks are presented at random intervals. 
D) dogs come to expect shock in the presence of the tone. 
A) rats can learn a maze in the absence of reinforcement. 
B) rats cannot learn a maze in the absence of reinforcement. 
C) dogs can be conditioned when tones and shocks are presented at random intervals. 
D) dogs come to expect shock in the presence of the tone.

Question 4

__________ work to increase the likelihood that a behavior will be strengthened, whereas __________ work to decrease the likelihood that a behavior will be strengthened.

Accepted Answer

A) Positive reinforcers; negative reinforcers 
B) Primary reinforcers; secondary reinforcers 
C) Negative reinforcers; punishments 
D) Primary positive reinforcers; primary negative reinforcers 
A) Positive reinforcers; negative reinforcers 
B) Primary reinforcers; secondary reinforcers 
C) Negative reinforcers; punishments 
D) Primary positive reinforcers; primary negative reinforcers

Question 5

Taste aversions are fascinating examples of

Accepted Answer

A) operant conditioning. 
B) insight learning. 
C) the contingency theory. 
D) classical conditioning. 
A) operant conditioning. 
B) insight learning. 
C) the contingency theory. 
D) classical conditioning.

Question 6

Your front doorbell has a higher pitch than your back doorbell. When one rings, you always know which door to answer. What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) discrimination 
B) generalization 
C) higher-order conditioning 
D) response generalization 
A) discrimination 
B) generalization 
C) higher-order conditioning 
D) response generalization

Question 7

Carl and "his amazing canines" are an act in the circus. Jumping through a fiery hoop is one of the acts. At the onset of this training, Carl reinforced the dogs for each movement toward the hoop. Eventually, they were reinforced as they neared the hoop. What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning 
B) escape conditioning 
C) shaping 
D) avoidance conditioning 
A) classical conditioning 
B) escape conditioning 
C) shaping 
D) avoidance conditioning

Question 8

a) Compare and contrast positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment.

b) Provide examples of positive and negative reinforcement and punishment.

Accepted Answer

a) Positive reinforcement: when presente

Question 9

Biological preparedness means that some species are ready to learn certain associations much quicker than others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A __________ schedule is one in which reinforcement is provided after a specific number of correct responses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A __________ schedule is one in which...

Question 11

The two behavior-therapy methods of flooding and systematic desensitization are based on what principle?

Accepted Answer

A) extinction 
B) punishment 
C) stimulus generalization 
D) higher-order conditioning 
A) extinction 
B) punishment 
C) stimulus generalization 
D) higher-order conditioning

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT True regarding media violence in America?

Accepted Answer

A) TV programs generally show the harmful long-term consequences of aggressive behavior. 
B) Murders, beatings and sexual assaults are routinely presented. 
C) Violence is often shown to have only temporary or minimal effects. 
D) Violent video games increase both aggressive behavior and the likelihood for juvenile delinquency. 
A) TV programs generally show the harmful long-term consequences of aggressive behavior. 
B) Murders, beatings and sexual assaults are routinely presented. 
C) Violence is often shown to have only temporary or minimal effects. 
D) Violent video games increase both aggressive behavior and the likelihood for juvenile delinquency.

Question 13

Pavlov referred to learned salivation as a __________. Today it is better known as a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

A) conditioned response; orienting reflex 
B) learned response; neutral stimulus 
C) conditional reflex; conditioned response 
D) conditioned response; conditional reflex 
A) conditioned response; orienting reflex 
B) learned response; neutral stimulus 
C) conditional reflex; conditioned response 
D) conditioned response; conditional reflex

Question 14

Your little brother learned that a cow says "moo moo." When he sees a horse he calls it a "moo moo". What is this is an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) higher-order conditioning 
B) response discrimination 
C) generalization 
D) discrimination 
A) higher-order conditioning 
B) response discrimination 
C) generalization 
D) discrimination

Question 15

Food, water, and warmth are examples of __________ reinforcers.

Accepted Answer

A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) delayed 
D) partial 
A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) delayed 
D) partial

Question 16

Encouraging the members of a dance class at the completion of each individual step best describes

Accepted Answer

A) approximating. 
B) forming. 
C) performing. 
D) shaping. 
A) approximating. 
B) forming. 
C) performing. 
D) shaping.

Question 17

Your dog barks and growls to the sound of a stranger's car engine pulling into your driveway, yet wags his tail and gets excited to the sound of your car engine. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) discrimination. 
B) generalization. 
C) higher-order conditioning. 
D) response generalization. 
A) discrimination. 
B) generalization. 
C) higher-order conditioning. 
D) response generalization.

Question 18

A rat that was allowed to roam freely in a maze without reinforcement will later find food at the end of the maze faster than a rat that never saw the maze before because of

Accepted Answer

A) contingency planning. 
B) shaping. 
C) cognitive mapping. 
D) programmed learning. 
A) contingency planning. 
B) shaping. 
C) cognitive mapping. 
D) programmed learning.

Question 19

Why would the term extinction be a possible misnomer?

Accepted Answer

A) Because a CS is never really extinguished. 
B) Because a CS always has the potential of eliciting a UR. 
C) Because the US always elicits a CR. 
D) Because we see spontaneous recovery of CRs. 
A) Because a CS is never really extinguished. 
B) Because a CS always has the potential of eliciting a UR. 
C) Because the US always elicits a CR. 
D) Because we see spontaneous recovery of CRs.

Question 20

Scolding a child may increase the undesirable behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A teacher announces that there will be pop quizzes throughout the semester. What is this an example of?

Research shows that playing violent video games is associated with

E. C. Tolman's work on latent learning demonstrated that

work to increase the likelihood that a behavior will be strengthened, whereas work to decrease the likelihood that a behavior will be strengthened.

Taste aversions are fascinating examples of

Your front doorbell has a higher pitch than your back doorbell. When one rings, you always know which door to answer. What is this an example of?

Carl and "his amazing canines" are an act in the circus. Jumping through a fiery hoop is one of the acts. At the onset of this training, Carl reinforced the dogs for each movement toward the hoop. Eventually, they were reinforced as they neared the hoop. What is this an example of?

a) Compare and contrast positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment. b) Provide examples of positive and negative reinforcement and punishment.

Biological preparedness means that some species are ready to learn certain associations much quicker than others.

A __________ schedule is one in which reinforcement is provided after a specific number of correct responses.

The two behavior-therapy methods of flooding and systematic desensitization are based on what principle?

Which of the following is NOT True regarding media violence in America?

Pavlov referred to learned salivation as a . Today it is better known as a(n) .

Your little brother learned that a cow says "moo moo." When he sees a horse he calls it a "moo moo". What is this is an example of?

Food, water, and warmth are examples of __________ reinforcers.

Encouraging the members of a dance class at the completion of each individual step best describes

Your dog barks and growls to the sound of a stranger's car engine pulling into your driveway, yet wags his tail and gets excited to the sound of your car engine. This is an example of

A rat that was allowed to roam freely in a maze without reinforcement will later find food at the end of the maze faster than a rat that never saw the maze before because of

Why would the term extinction be a possible misnomer?

Scolding a child may increase the undesirable behavior.

What Is Psychology

Biology and Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Memory: Remembrance of Things Past--And Future

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

The Voyage Through the Life Span

Personality: Theory and Measurement

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Social Psychology

Filters

Exam 5: Learning

A teacher announces that there will be pop quizzes throughout the semester. What is this an example of?

Research shows that playing violent video games is associated with

E. C. Tolman's work on latent learning demonstrated that

__________ work to increase the likelihood that a behavior will be strengthened, whereas __________ work to decrease the likelihood that a behavior will be strengthened.

Taste aversions are fascinating examples of

Your front doorbell has a higher pitch than your back doorbell. When one rings, you always know which door to answer. What is this an example of?

Carl and "his amazing canines" are an act in the circus. Jumping through a fiery hoop is one of the acts. At the onset of this training, Carl reinforced the dogs for each movement toward the hoop. Eventually, they were reinforced as they neared the hoop. What is this an example of?

a) Compare and contrast positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment. b) Provide examples of positive and negative reinforcement and punishment.

Biological preparedness means that some species are ready to learn certain associations much quicker than others.

A __________ schedule is one in which reinforcement is provided after a specific number of correct responses.

The two behavior-therapy methods of flooding and systematic desensitization are based on what principle?

Which of the following is NOT True regarding media violence in America?

Pavlov referred to learned salivation as a __________. Today it is better known as a(n) __________.

Your little brother learned that a cow says "moo moo." When he sees a horse he calls it a "moo moo". What is this is an example of?

Food, water, and warmth are examples of __________ reinforcers.

Encouraging the members of a dance class at the completion of each individual step best describes

Your dog barks and growls to the sound of a stranger's car engine pulling into your driveway, yet wags his tail and gets excited to the sound of your car engine. This is an example of

A rat that was allowed to roam freely in a maze without reinforcement will later find food at the end of the maze faster than a rat that never saw the maze before because of

Why would the term extinction be a possible misnomer?

Scolding a child may increase the undesirable behavior.

What Is Psychology

Biology and Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Memory: Remembrance of Things Past--And Future

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

The Voyage Through the Life Span

Personality: Theory and Measurement

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Social Psychology

Filters

work to increase the likelihood that a behavior will be strengthened, whereas work to decrease the likelihood that a behavior will be strengthened.

Pavlov referred to learned salivation as a . Today it is better known as a(n) .