Exam 5: Learning

a) Discuss four ways in which depictions of media violence contribute to aggression. b) Discuss the circular relationship between media violence and aggression.

Your child fears going to the doctor because on her last visit she received a painful treatment. Now every time your child visits the doctor the nurse is with him. You notice the child seems afraid of the nurse even though she has never administered a painful treatment. What is this probably due to?

Continued presentation of the CS in the absence of the US will result in

In regard to Pavlov's classical conditioning experiments, what would the cognitive perspective be?

______________ conditioning focuses on how organisms form anticipations about their environments, whereas ______________ conditioning focuses on what they do about them.

A student's preference for a grade of "A" rather than an "F" is most likely the result of

The evolutionary perspective suggests that organisms are biologically predisposed to develop taste aversions that are adaptive.

Systematic desensitization is used to overcome __________ responses.

_______ _______ is the reoccurrence of an extinguished response as a function of the passage of time.

Your mother has a fear of cats. The psychologist repeatedly pairs her love for classical music with the gradual exposure to a cat. What is this known as?

William's dad was a gardener. William often played in the yard where his dad worked. He now has his own home and prides himself for having the best garden on the block. Most likely ___________ learning occurred during his childhood.

A variable-interval schedule is a schedule in which a specific amount of time must elapse between the previous and subsequent times that reinforcement is available.

The __________ theory claims that learning occurs when stimuli provide information about the likelihood of the occurrence of other stimuli.

In operant conditioning, the extinction of learned responses results from the repeated performance of operant behavior without ______________.

Alex, your dog, has just been switched from dry dog food to canned dog food. Alex has always made a fast dash to the kitchen every time he heard the dog food bag rattling. What will be the most likely result of switching to canned food?

A fixed interval schedule is best described as providing reinforcement after

Flooding is a behavioral fear-reduction technique in which a hierarchy of fear-evoking stimuli is presented while the person remains relaxed.

B. F. Skinner arrived at a number of reinforcers __________, by observing those stimuli that would increase the frequency of behavior.

One way that taste aversion is different from other examples of classical conditioning is that

Operant conditioning got its start with E.L. Thorndike's experiments with cats in puzzle boxes.