Question 1

Which of the following is true of measurement methods based on observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is generally high interjudge reliability. 
B)  It is economical with respect to time and money. 
C)  No particular skill or training is necessary for the observers. 
D)  A sample of the individual's actual behavior is selected. 
A)  There is generally high interjudge reliability. 
B)  It is economical with respect to time and money. 
C)  No particular skill or training is necessary for the observers. 
D)  A sample of the individual's actual behavior is selected.

Question 2

"Standardization" of a test refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  meeting standards of test developers. 
B)  use of standard score norms. 
C)  uniformity of testing procedures. 
D)  establishing validity and reliability. 
A)  meeting standards of test developers. 
B)  use of standard score norms. 
C)  uniformity of testing procedures. 
D)  establishing validity and reliability.

Question 3

Exhibit 8-7:Choose the type of instrument that corresponds with the major concern about its use.
-Refer to Exhibit 8-7.Does the content of the instrument correspond to the content covered in the schools that will use it?

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement test 
B)  projective personality test 
C)  rating scale 
D)  aptitude test 
A)  achievement test 
B)  projective personality test 
C)  rating scale 
D)  aptitude test

Question 4

_____ use deliberately vague or ambiguous stimulus material to which subjects respond.

Accepted Answer

A)  Inventories 
B)  Projective techniques 
C)  Attitude scales 
D)  Situational tests 
E)  Rating scales 
A)  Inventories 
B)  Projective techniques 
C)  Attitude scales 
D)  Situational tests 
E)  Rating scales

Question 5

A researcher would choose a bipolar adjective scale to measure mainly

Accepted Answer

A)  interest. 
B)  attitudes. 
C)  values. 
D)  self-concept. 
E)  psychological traits. 
A)  interest. 
B)  attitudes. 
C)  values. 
D)  self-concept. 
E)  psychological traits.

Question 6

The most important consideration when selecting an achievement test for use as the dependent variable measure in classroom research is whether the test

Accepted Answer

A)  has sufficiently high reliability. 
B)  is easy to administer and score. 
C)  has sufficiently high criterion-related validity. 
D)  matches the content and objectives covered during the instructional period. 
E)  is based on a thorough sample of teaching practices throughout the country. 
A)  has sufficiently high reliability. 
B)  is easy to administer and score. 
C)  has sufficiently high criterion-related validity. 
D)  matches the content and objectives covered during the instructional period. 
E)  is based on a thorough sample of teaching practices throughout the country.

Question 7

To select the most discriminating items for a Likert-type attitude scale, one would administer the items to a pilot group and then calculate the correlations between

Accepted Answer

A)  item scores and total scores. 
B)  scores on the odd and even items. 
C)  scores on the positively stated and the negatively stated items. 
D)  scores on the scale and scores on criterion measuring the same attitudes. 
A)  item scores and total scores. 
B)  scores on the odd and even items. 
C)  scores on the positively stated and the negatively stated items. 
D)  scores on the scale and scores on criterion measuring the same attitudes.

Question 8

If the subjects indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with the following statement: "The electoral college system should be abolished," they are taking which kind of attitude scale?

Accepted Answer

A)  Edwards scale 
B)  Likert scale 
C)  Osgood scale 
D)  Thurstone scale 
A)  Edwards scale 
B)  Likert scale 
C)  Osgood scale 
D)  Thurstone scale

Question 9

Exhibit 8-8: Choose the appropriate type of measuring instrument for the given purpose.
-Refer to Exhibit 8-8.To determine how college students evaluate their professors' instructional skills.

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement test 
B)  aptitude test 
C)  rating scale 
D)  attitude scale 
E)  inventory 
A)  achievement test 
B)  aptitude test 
C)  rating scale 
D)  attitude scale 
E)  inventory

Question 10

Exhibit 8-3: Choose the contribution that each of the following men have made to methods of measurement.
-Refer to Exhibit 8-3.A.Binet

Accepted Answer

A)  devised an attitude scale based on extent of agreement or disagreement with statement. 
B)  developed a measure of adult intelligence. 
C)  developed the first intelligence scale for children. 
D)  studied the honesty of children through observation. 
A)  devised an attitude scale based on extent of agreement or disagreement with statement. 
B)  developed a measure of adult intelligence. 
C)  developed the first intelligence scale for children. 
D)  studied the honesty of children through observation.

Question 11

Define inventory as a personality measure.

Accepted Answer

It is an objective tool in which individ

Question 12

A floor effect on a test occurs when the test

Accepted Answer

A)  is too easy. 
B)  is too difficult. 
C)  is restricted at the high end of the score range. 
D)  has a negatively skewed score distribution. 
A)  is too easy. 
B)  is too difficult. 
C)  is restricted at the high end of the score range. 
D)  has a negatively skewed score distribution.

Question 13

When considering the use of the norms accompanying a published test, the most important question the researcher should ask is

Accepted Answer

A)  are the norms based on a large and representative sample? 
B)  what population does the norm group represent? 
C)  what kinds of scores are used to report the norms? 
D)  how reliable are the norms? 
A)  are the norms based on a large and representative sample? 
B)  what population does the norm group represent? 
C)  what kinds of scores are used to report the norms? 
D)  how reliable are the norms?

Question 14

Exhibit 8-5: Indicate the type of test that would be most appropriate for the purposes listed.
-Refer to Exhibit 8-5.Predicts individuals' later performance on academic tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)  Aptitude test 
B)  Personality test 
C)  Achievement test 
D)  Performance test 
A)  Aptitude test 
B)  Personality test 
C)  Achievement test 
D)  Performance test

Question 15

The most important question a researcher should ask when evaluating a standardized achievement test is:

Accepted Answer

A)  how much does the test cost? 
B)  what skills and knowledge are measured by the test? 
C)  how reliable are the scores from the test? 
D)  what kinds of norms are reported for the test? 
E)  how much time does the test take to administer? 
A)  how much does the test cost? 
B)  what skills and knowledge are measured by the test? 
C)  how reliable are the scores from the test? 
D)  what kinds of norms are reported for the test? 
E)  how much time does the test take to administer?

Question 16

The points on a rating scale will be least ambiguous when they are identified by

Accepted Answer

A)  constant alternatives (never, seldom, often, etc.). 
B)  numbers. 
C)  descriptive phrases. 
D)  trait names. 
A)  constant alternatives (never, seldom, often, etc.). 
B)  numbers. 
C)  descriptive phrases. 
D)  trait names.

Question 17

Distinguish between observer bias and observer effect in observational research.How do we deal with these problems?

Accepted Answer

Observer bias occurs when the observer's

Question 18

Exhibit 8-8: Choose the appropriate type of measuring instrument for the given purpose.
-Refer to Exhibit 8-8.To identify the major problems that high school students report they are facing today.

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement test 
B)  aptitude test 
C)  rating scale 
D)  attitude scale 
E)  inventory 
A)  achievement test 
B)  aptitude test 
C)  rating scale 
D)  attitude scale 
E)  inventory

Question 19

Exhibit 8-6.Indicate the type of instrument that would be used for the purposes listed.
-Refer to Exhibit 8-6.To determine how teachers feel about a new attendance policy recently instituted in their school.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rating scale 
B)  Inventory 
C)  Attitude scale 
D)  Direct observation 
A)  Rating scale 
B)  Inventory 
C)  Attitude scale 
D)  Direct observation

Question 20

Exhibit 8-5: Indicate the type of test that would be most appropriate for the purposes listed.
-Refer to Exhibit 8-5.Measures individual differences in students' academic self-concept

Accepted Answer

A)  Aptitude test 
B)  Personality test 
C)  Achievement test 
D)  Performance test 
A)  Aptitude test 
B)  Personality test 
C)  Achievement test 
D)  Performance test

Exam 8: Tools of Research

Which of the following is true of measurement methods based on observation?

"Standardization" of a test refers to

Exhibit 8-7:Choose the type of instrument that corresponds with the major concern about its use. -Refer to Exhibit 8-7.Does the content of the instrument correspond to the content covered in the schools that will use it?

_____ use deliberately vague or ambiguous stimulus material to which subjects respond.

A researcher would choose a bipolar adjective scale to measure mainly

The most important consideration when selecting an achievement test for use as the dependent variable measure in classroom research is whether the test

To select the most discriminating items for a Likert-type attitude scale, one would administer the items to a pilot group and then calculate the correlations between

If the subjects indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with the following statement: "The electoral college system should be abolished," they are taking which kind of attitude scale?

Exhibit 8-8: Choose the appropriate type of measuring instrument for the given purpose. -Refer to Exhibit 8-8.To determine how college students evaluate their professors' instructional skills.

Exhibit 8-3: Choose the contribution that each of the following men have made to methods of measurement. -Refer to Exhibit 8-3.A.Binet

Define inventory as a personality measure.

A floor effect on a test occurs when the test

When considering the use of the norms accompanying a published test, the most important question the researcher should ask is

Exhibit 8-5: Indicate the type of test that would be most appropriate for the purposes listed. -Refer to Exhibit 8-5.Predicts individuals' later performance on academic tasks.

The most important question a researcher should ask when evaluating a standardized achievement test is:

The points on a rating scale will be least ambiguous when they are identified by

Distinguish between observer bias and observer effect in observational research.How do we deal with these problems?

Exhibit 8-8: Choose the appropriate type of measuring instrument for the given purpose. -Refer to Exhibit 8-8.To identify the major problems that high school students report they are facing today.

Exhibit 8-6.Indicate the type of instrument that would be used for the purposes listed. -Refer to Exhibit 8-6.To determine how teachers feel about a new attendance policy recently instituted in their school.

Exhibit 8-5: Indicate the type of test that would be most appropriate for the purposes listed. -Refer to Exhibit 8-5.Measures individual differences in students' academic self-concept

The Nature of Scientific Inquiry

The Scientific Approach in Education

he Research Problem

Reviewing the Literature

The Hypothesis

Descriptive Statistics

Sampling and Inferential Statistics

Validity and Reliability

Experimental Research

Experimental Research Design

Ex Post Facto Research

Correlation Research

Survey Research

Defining and Designing Qualitative Research

Types of Qualitative Research

Analyzing and Reporting Qualitative Research

Action Research

Mixed Methods Research

Guidelines for Writing Research Proposals

Interpreting and Reporting Results of Quantitative Research

Filters