Exam 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy: The First Two Years

Lori continues to play ball in the house after her mom told her several times to only play ball outside. When Lori accidentally knocks over her mother's favorite vase, immediately she has a deep feeling of regret; most likely she feels:

The diagnosis of ___________ is given when an infant falls below the developmental growth curve as he or she makes gains in age but not in height and weight.

The return to the ________ stage later in life, through actions such as smoking, is known as ________.

An infant who is _______________ attached is very likely to display very high levels of distress when separated from a caregiver and then mixed reactions when reunited with the caregiver.

Baby Meghan is 2 weeks old. When her dad plays peek-a-boo with her, she smiles. Baby Meghan's facial expression is an indicator that she is feeling:

Erikson proposed that autonomy versus shame/doubt is the primary developmental task of infancy.

______________ describes the relationship between environmental forces and predisposed temperamental behavior.

Estimates suggest that approximately ____% of infants are securely attached.

Broadly speaking, thinking about the influence of cultural and social systems on infant development, social referencing is important as a means of:

Parents can expect that the first facial expression they will see in infancy is a social smile.

Temperament researchers rely on genetic tests to determine the extent to which a child's temperament is due to environmental effects, for example, parenting.

Behavioral differences in children often occur along with related differences in a child's physiology-for example, differences in heart rate and pupil dilation response.

Scott notices that his son often has a low activity level and withdraws from new people. However, after repeat visits with the same person, his young son will adjust to new people. A developmentalist would describe Scott as having a(n) _______________ temperament.

Approach and withdrawal are dimensions of a toddler's response to:

Findings from attachment studies indicate that infants can have different attachment relationships with their mothers and fathers.

While at a birthday party Lucas sees a clown. He immediately goes up to the clown and starts to laugh and giggle when the clown starts doing a silly dance. Based on this scenario, Lucas is behaviorally:

Via social referencing, Maggie recognizes that her mom is scared to go into a haunted house. From this experience, a developmentalist would predict that Maggie will be__________ about going in to the haunted house.

During early childhood, boys tend to be _________ active than girls.

Attachment experiences generalize beyond the infant-caregiver relationship through the influence of a child's ___________________ that develops in response to and reflects early attachment experiences.

Jake has two children, a son and a daughter. Based on research about father attachment, we can assume that Jake will be ______ sensitive to his son than to his daughter.