Question 1

Sulfur has an atomic number of 16.How many covalent bonds can sulfur form?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 4 
D) 0 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 4 
D) 0

Question 2

The tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) bonding 
B) cohesion 
C) polarity 
D) adhesion 
A) bonding 
B) cohesion 
C) polarity 
D) adhesion

Question 3

All of the representations in the following figure EXCEPT one clearly show double bonds.Choose the exception.

Accepted Answer

A) electron configuration 
B) structural formula 
C) space-filling model 
D) ball-and-stick model 
A) electron configuration 
B) structural formula 
C) space-filling model 
D) ball-and-stick model

Question 4

An atom with an electrical charge is a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A) isotope 
B) molecule 
C) ion 
D) compound 
A) isotope 
B) molecule 
C) ion 
D) compound

Question 5

What name is given to bonds that involve the sharing of electrons?

Accepted Answer

A) covalent 
B) hydrogen 
C) ionic 
D) polar 
A) covalent 
B) hydrogen 
C) ionic 
D) polar

Question 6

As water freezes,________.

Accepted Answer

A) its molecules move farther apart 
B) it cools the surrounding environment 
C) its hydrogen bonds break apart 
D) it loses its polarity 
A) its molecules move farther apart 
B) it cools the surrounding environment 
C) its hydrogen bonds break apart 
D) it loses its polarity

Question 7

________ is an example of an element.

Accepted Answer

A) Water 
B) Carbon 
C) Glucose 
D) Salt 
A) Water 
B) Carbon 
C) Glucose 
D) Salt

Question 8

A fossil was found and determined by radiometric dating to be 11,400 years old.What is the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in this fossil compared to its environment?

Accepted Answer

A) 12.5% 
B) 25% 
C) 37.5% 
D) 50% 
A) 12.5% 
B) 25% 
C) 37.5% 
D) 50%

Question 9

Why (if you are careful)are you able to float a needle on the surface of water?

Accepted Answer

A) Water has adhesive properties. 
B) The surface tension that is a result of water's cohesive properties makes this possible. 
C) The covalent bonds that hold a water molecule together make this possible. 
D) A single needle is less dense than water. 
A) Water has adhesive properties. 
B) The surface tension that is a result of water's cohesive properties makes this possible. 
C) The covalent bonds that hold a water molecule together make this possible. 
D) A single needle is less dense than water.

Question 10

The lower the pH of a solution,the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) greater the number of oxygen atoms 
B) more acidic the solution 
C) less toxic the solution 
D) higher the OH- concentration 
A) greater the number of oxygen atoms 
B) more acidic the solution 
C) less toxic the solution 
D) higher the OH- concentration

Question 11

Sugar dissolves when stirred into water.The sugar is the ________,the water is the ________,and the sweetened water is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) solution...solvent...solute 
B) solute...solvent...solution 
C) solvent...solute...solution 
D) solution...solute...solvent 
A) solution...solvent...solute 
B) solute...solvent...solution 
C) solvent...solute...solution 
D) solution...solute...solvent

Question 12

What name is given to substances that resist changes in pH?

Accepted Answer

A) buffers 
B) solutions 
C) acids 
D) bases 
A) buffers 
B) solutions 
C) acids 
D) bases

Question 13

Using the table above,what kind of cancer do you think Xofigo® is used to treat?

Accepted Answer

A) liver cancer 
B) bone cancer 
C) brain cancer 
D) lung cancer 
A) liver cancer 
B) bone cancer 
C) brain cancer 
D) lung cancer

Question 14

What are the reactant(s)in the following chemical reaction? C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 H₂O + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 12 H₂O

Accepted Answer

A) CO₂ and H₂O 
B) C₆H₁₂O₆,H₂O,and O₂ 
C) O₂ ₒnlᵧ 
D) C₆H₁₂O₆,H₂O,O₂,CO₂,and H₂O 
A) CO₂ and H₂O 
B) C₆H₁₂O₆,H₂O,and O₂ 
C) O₂ ₒnlᵧ 
D) C₆H₁₂O₆,H₂O,O₂,CO₂,and H₂O

Question 15

Please read the following scenario to answer the following questions.
While radioactive isotopes are used in medicine to identify tumors and other diseases,they can also be used to treat diseases such as cancer.One method to treat cancerous tumors is to expose them to radiation,which can kill the cancerous cells and the tumor.In 2013,the U.S.Food and Drug Administration approved a new cancer treatment based on the radioactive isotope radium-223; this isotope has a half-life of 11.4 days.The radioactive drug,known as Xofigo®,is injected into the patient's bloodstream and travels to certain regions of the body.Because it emits high-energy radiation over short distances,it can kill cancerous cells in the sites where it localizes.
After the drug was injected into a person,the following data were collected regarding the amount of radiation measured in different organs in the person's body.
 $$\begin{array} {| l | l| } 
\hline \text { Organ } & \text { Measured radiation } \
\hline \text { Brain } & 0.37 \
\hline \text { Liver } & 11.01 \
\hline \text { Bones } & 4262.60 \
\hline \text { Lungs } & 0.27 \
\hline \text { Urinary bladder } & 14.90 \
\hline
\end{array}$$
-Which of the following would be the best experiment to determine whether this drug is an effective treatment option for cancer patients?

Accepted Answer

A) Give the drug to a single cancer patient and ask him how he feels several months later. 
B) Give the drug to a group of mice that have artificially induced tumors and measure whether their tumors are destroyed. 
C) Give the drug to a group of cancer patients and measure whether their tumors are destroyed. 
D) Give the drug to a single cancer patient and measure whether her tumor is destroyed. 
A) Give the drug to a single cancer patient and ask him how he feels several months later. 
B) Give the drug to a group of mice that have artificially induced tumors and measure whether their tumors are destroyed. 
C) Give the drug to a group of cancer patients and measure whether their tumors are destroyed. 
D) Give the drug to a single cancer patient and measure whether her tumor is destroyed.

Question 16

Adjacent water molecules are connected by the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) sharing of electrons between the hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen of another water molecule 
B) electrical attraction between the hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen of another water molecule 
C) sharing of electrons between adjacent oxygen molecules 
D) electrical attraction between the hydrogen atoms of adjacent water molecules 
A) sharing of electrons between the hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen of another water molecule 
B) electrical attraction between the hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen of another water molecule 
C) sharing of electrons between adjacent oxygen molecules 
D) electrical attraction between the hydrogen atoms of adjacent water molecules

Question 17

Why is water considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) The oxygen atom is found between the two hydrogen atoms. 
B) The oxygen atom attracts the hydrogen atoms. 
C) The oxygen end of the molecule has a slight negative charge,and the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge. 
D) Both hydrogen atoms are at one end of the molecule,and the oxygen atom is at the other end. 
A) The oxygen atom is found between the two hydrogen atoms. 
B) The oxygen atom attracts the hydrogen atoms. 
C) The oxygen end of the molecule has a slight negative charge,and the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge. 
D) Both hydrogen atoms are at one end of the molecule,and the oxygen atom is at the other end.

Question 18

The four most common elements found in living organisms are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen,oxygen,phosphorus,and carbon 
B) carbon,oxygen,nitrogen,and hydrogen 
C) carbon,oxygen,potassium,and calcium 
D) oxygen,calcium,hydrogen,and carbon 
A) nitrogen,oxygen,phosphorus,and carbon 
B) carbon,oxygen,nitrogen,and hydrogen 
C) carbon,oxygen,potassium,and calcium 
D) oxygen,calcium,hydrogen,and carbon

Question 19

When a base is added to a buffered solution,the buffer will ________.

Accepted Answer

A) donate OH− ions 
B) accept water molecules 
C) donate H⁺ ions 
D) form covalent bonds with the base 
A) donate OH− ions 
B) accept water molecules 
C) donate H⁺ ions 
D) form covalent bonds with the base

Question 20

How do radioactive isotopes differ from isotopes?

Accepted Answer

A) Radioactive isotopes have more neutrons than do isotopes. 
B) Radioactive isotopes are stable; isotopes are unstable. 
C) Radioactive isotopes have fewer neutrons than do isotopes. 
D) Radioactive isotopes are unstable; isotopes are stable. 
A) Radioactive isotopes have more neutrons than do isotopes. 
B) Radioactive isotopes are stable; isotopes are unstable. 
C) Radioactive isotopes have fewer neutrons than do isotopes. 
D) Radioactive isotopes are unstable; isotopes are stable.

Exam 2: Essential Chemistry for Biology

Sulfur has an atomic number of 16.How many covalent bonds can sulfur form?

The tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together is called ________.

All of the representations in the following figure EXCEPT one clearly show double bonds.Choose the exception.

An atom with an electrical charge is a(n)________.

What name is given to bonds that involve the sharing of electrons?

As water freezes,________.

________ is an example of an element.

A fossil was found and determined by radiometric dating to be 11,400 years old.What is the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in this fossil compared to its environment?

Why (if you are careful)are you able to float a needle on the surface of water?

The lower the pH of a solution,the ________.

Sugar dissolves when stirred into water.The sugar is the ________,the water is the ________,and the sweetened water is the ________.

What name is given to substances that resist changes in pH?

Using the table above,what kind of cancer do you think Xofigo® is used to treat?

What are the reactant(s)in the following chemical reaction? C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 H₂O + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 12 H₂O

Adjacent water molecules are connected by the ________.

Why is water considered a polar molecule?

The four most common elements found in living organisms are ________.

When a base is added to a buffered solution,the buffer will ________.

How do radioactive isotopes differ from isotopes?

Introduction: Biology Today

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy From Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells From Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of Dna

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Bodys Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous,Sensory,and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

Filters

Sugar dissolves when stirred into water.The sugar is the ,the water is the ,and the sweetened water is the .