Question 1

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Natural selection works on variation already present in a population. 
B) Natural selection works on nonheritable traits. 
C) Individuals evolve through natural selection. 
D) Individual organisms evolve structures that they need. 
A) Natural selection works on variation already present in a population. 
B) Natural selection works on nonheritable traits. 
C) Individuals evolve through natural selection. 
D) Individual organisms evolve structures that they need.

Question 2

In the Hardy-Weinberg formula,what does p² represent?

Accepted Answer

A) frequency of the dominant allele 
B) frequency of heterozygotes 
C) frequency of the recessive allele 
D) frequency of the homozygotes for one allele 
A) frequency of the dominant allele 
B) frequency of heterozygotes 
C) frequency of the recessive allele 
D) frequency of the homozygotes for one allele

Question 3

In The Origin of Species,Darwin argued that the mechanism of descent with modification was ________.

Accepted Answer

A) artificial selection 
B) natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) uniformitarianism 
A) artificial selection 
B) natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) uniformitarianism

Question 4

Which of the following is most likely to decrease genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

A) directional selection 
B) mutation 
C) stabilizing selection 
D) diversifying selection 
A) directional selection 
B) mutation 
C) stabilizing selection 
D) diversifying selection

Question 5

Which of the following are homologous?

Accepted Answer

A) the forelimb of a dog and the hindlimb of a cat 
B) the forelimb of a dog and the forelimb of a cat 
C) wings of a butterfly and wings of a sparrow 
D) the mouth of a mosquito and the beak of a hummingbird 
A) the forelimb of a dog and the hindlimb of a cat 
B) the forelimb of a dog and the forelimb of a cat 
C) wings of a butterfly and wings of a sparrow 
D) the mouth of a mosquito and the beak of a hummingbird

Question 6

The presence of freckles is due to a dominant allele.Four percent of the individuals in a particular population lack freckles.Use the Hardy-Weinberg formula to calculate the percentage of individuals in this population who are homozygous dominant for freckles.

Accepted Answer

A) 32% 
B) 4% 
C) 64% 
D) 80% 
A) 32% 
B) 4% 
C) 64% 
D) 80%

Question 7

Genetic drift is the result of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) natural selection 
B) chance 
C) a large gene pool 
D) environmental variation 
A) natural selection 
B) chance 
C) a large gene pool 
D) environmental variation

Question 8

Which one of the following can create new alleles?

Accepted Answer

A) natural selection 
B) sexual reproduction 
C) mutation 
D) genetic drift 
A) natural selection 
B) sexual reproduction 
C) mutation 
D) genetic drift

Question 9

The original source of genetic variation that serves as the raw material for natural selection is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mutation 
B) gene flow 
C) geographic isolation 
D) random fertilization 
A) mutation 
B) gene flow 
C) geographic isolation 
D) random fertilization

Question 10

Which of the following is a population?

Accepted Answer

A) the termites infesting your house along with the microorganisms living in their guts 
B) all of the termites that have ever lived 
C) all organisms living in your house 
D) the termites infesting your house 
A) the termites infesting your house along with the microorganisms living in their guts 
B) all of the termites that have ever lived 
C) all organisms living in your house 
D) the termites infesting your house

Question 11

The figure below shows the percent of selected DNA sequences that match between a chimpanzee and other primates.These data support the hypothesis that ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the chimpanzee's closest surviving relative is humans 
B) chimpanzees and gibbons are the most closely related 
C) orangutans are the primates least closely related to chimpanzees 
D) Old World monkeys and gibbons are the most closely related 
A) the chimpanzee's closest surviving relative is humans 
B) chimpanzees and gibbons are the most closely related 
C) orangutans are the primates least closely related to chimpanzees 
D) Old World monkeys and gibbons are the most closely related

Question 12

If the frequency of one allele in a population is 0.7 in a population with two alleles at a particular locus,what is the frequency of the alternate allele?

Accepted Answer

A) 0)09 
B) 0)21 
C) 0)30 
D) 0)42 
A) 0)09 
B) 0)21 
C) 0)30 
D) 0)42

Question 13

The common house mouse species,Mus musculus,has the following taxonomic classification: Mus,Muridae,Rodentia,Mammalia,Chordata,Animalia,Eukarya.Which part of the name is the Family?

Accepted Answer

A) Rodentia 
B) Chordata 
C) Muridae 
D) Animalia 
A) Rodentia 
B) Chordata 
C) Muridae 
D) Animalia

Question 14

After 1 year of widely prescribed use,reports surface that bacterial infections disappear for up to 2 weeks after taking the prescribed antibiotic but then reappear,sometimes worse than the first time.Which of the following explanations might the FDA use to defend their choice of antibiotic to treat the infection?

Accepted Answer

A) Patients are not taking the antibiotic for the length of time prescribed and so selection for resistant bacteria that can survive a limited course of antibiotic is occurring. 
B) Stabilizing selection over the year has allowed for the bacteria to remain at a high level in patients' bodies. 
C) Patients' bodies are evolving over the year to create environments that are friendly to the growth of the bacteria. 
D) Sexual dimorphism allowed for larger bacteria cells to outcompete smaller ones,therefore enabling larger bacteria cells to continue to multiply. 
A) Patients are not taking the antibiotic for the length of time prescribed and so selection for resistant bacteria that can survive a limited course of antibiotic is occurring. 
B) Stabilizing selection over the year has allowed for the bacteria to remain at a high level in patients' bodies. 
C) Patients' bodies are evolving over the year to create environments that are friendly to the growth of the bacteria. 
D) Sexual dimorphism allowed for larger bacteria cells to outcompete smaller ones,therefore enabling larger bacteria cells to continue to multiply.

Question 15

Natural selection can be defined as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the evolution of a population of organisms 
B) a process in which changes in gene frequencies result from evolution 
C) the production of more offspring than can survive in a given environment 
D) a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits 
A) the evolution of a population of organisms 
B) a process in which changes in gene frequencies result from evolution 
C) the production of more offspring than can survive in a given environment 
D) a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A) differential reproductive success 
B) overproduction of offspring 
C) genetic variation 
D) gene flow 
A) differential reproductive success 
B) overproduction of offspring 
C) genetic variation 
D) gene flow

Question 17

Which one of the following will prevent significant genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

A) Gene flow is absent. 
B) There is genetic variation. 
C) There is mutation. 
D) The population size is large. 
A) Gene flow is absent. 
B) There is genetic variation. 
C) There is mutation. 
D) The population size is large.

Question 18

When most populations of a wide-ranging amphibian species are lost and the few remaining populations are widely separated,we expect to see that ________.

Accepted Answer

A) artificial selection becomes a greater factor in microevolution 
B) the founder effect becomes increasingly important 
C) gene flow between populations is reduced 
D) microevolution no longer occurs 
A) artificial selection becomes a greater factor in microevolution 
B) the founder effect becomes increasingly important 
C) gene flow between populations is reduced 
D) microevolution no longer occurs

Question 19

The fossil record suggests that whales ________.

Accepted Answer

A) are descended from one branch of marine reptiles 
B) are closely related to land mammals such as pigs,hippos,and cows 
C) are not closely related to dolphins and porpoises,despite a superficial similarity 
D) once had well-developed hind flippers 
A) are descended from one branch of marine reptiles 
B) are closely related to land mammals such as pigs,hippos,and cows 
C) are not closely related to dolphins and porpoises,despite a superficial similarity 
D) once had well-developed hind flippers

Question 20

The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time makes up that population's ________.

Accepted Answer

A) gene pool 
B) genotype 
C) heterozygote frequency 
D) allele frequency 
A) gene pool 
B) genotype 
C) heterozygote frequency 
D) allele frequency

Exam 13: How Populations Evolve

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

In the Hardy-Weinberg formula,what does p² represent?

In The Origin of Species,Darwin argued that the mechanism of descent with modification was ________.

Which of the following is most likely to decrease genetic variation?

Which of the following are homologous?

The presence of freckles is due to a dominant allele.Four percent of the individuals in a particular population lack freckles.Use the Hardy-Weinberg formula to calculate the percentage of individuals in this population who are homozygous dominant for freckles.

Genetic drift is the result of ________.

Which one of the following can create new alleles?

The original source of genetic variation that serves as the raw material for natural selection is ________.

Which of the following is a population?

The figure below shows the percent of selected DNA sequences that match between a chimpanzee and other primates.These data support the hypothesis that ________.

If the frequency of one allele in a population is 0.7 in a population with two alleles at a particular locus,what is the frequency of the alternate allele?

The common house mouse species,Mus musculus,has the following taxonomic classification: Mus,Muridae,Rodentia,Mammalia,Chordata,Animalia,Eukarya.Which part of the name is the Family?

Natural selection can be defined as ________.

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of natural selection?

Which one of the following will prevent significant genetic drift?

When most populations of a wide-ranging amphibian species are lost and the few remaining populations are widely separated,we expect to see that ________.

The fossil record suggests that whales ________.

The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time makes up that population's ________.

Introduction: Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy From Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells From Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of Dna

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Bodys Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous,Sensory,and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

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