Exam 5: Learning

After Little Albert acquired a conditioned fear to a rat,Watson and Rayner wanted to see how he would react to a white rabbit,cotton wool,and a Santa Claus mask.They were studying whether or not _____________________ had occurred.

Pavlov placed meat powder in the mouths of the dogs,and they began to salivate.Pavlov's student noticed that after a few days the dogs began to salivate at the sound of the student's footsteps.The salivation to the sound of the footsteps was a:

Learning that takes place without actual performance (a kind of latent learning)is called:

A girl learns that whenever her brother shares his cookie with her,her mother gives him a piece of candy.The girl starts sharing her treats with her friends when they come over in the hopes of getting a similar reward.The girl's learning to share is an example of:

Unlike mammals,birds seem to develop conditioned aversions to food based on which sense?

The kind of learning that applies to voluntary behaviour is:

Bill hates to clean up after dinner.One night,he volunteers to bathe the dog before cleaning up.When he finishes with the dog and returns to the kitchen,his wife has cleaned everything up for him.Which of the following statements is most likely true?

One of the early cognitive learning theorists was?

Current views of conditioning by psychologists,such as Rescorla,indicate that learning is completely automatic and has nothing to do with cognitive processes.

You train your dog,Milo,to salivate at the sound of a bell.Then you ring the bell every five minutes and don't follow the ringing with food for Milo.He salivates less and less and finally stops salivating at all when the bell rings.But the next morning,when you ring the bell,Milo salivates! What term is used to explain the reappearance of this response?

You spend days wandering aimlessly around a park with many different paths that end at different parts of the park.One day when you arrive at the park you get a call on your cell phone from your cousin whom you haven't seen for years,and she says she is waiting for you in a particular section of the park.Even though the paths are complicated and twisted,you manage to find the shortest route to your cousin.Tolman would explain your efficient passage through the park as an example of:

The acronym UCR stands for:

A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is ___________ and,thus,________ the probability of a response.

Slot machines use a very effective reward system known as ________ because with this reward schedule you just never know which play will turn out to be a winner

A congressional hearing is taking place in Washington,D.C.The representatives are discussing whether the portrayals of violence on children's TV shows are perhaps contributing to the violence we see in schools today.The work of psychologist _________ is most relevant to their discussions?

Classical conditioning was so named because it used classical music to condition Pavlov's dogs.

Cindy hates to clean up after dinner.One night she volunteers to bathe the baby before cleaning up.When she finishes with the baby and returns to the kitchen,her husband has cleaned up everything.Which of the following statements is most likely true?

Which is the most important characteristic of a food that is linked to a conditioned taste aversion for dogs?

Seligman extended his theory of learned helplessness to explain:

Carmen is trying to use her computer.However,whenever she touches the mouse,she gets a shock.Quickly,she learns to avoid using the mouse.Jared has a mouse that sometimes buzzes.If he touches it while it's buzzing,there is no shock.If he touches it when it isn't buzzing,he gets a shock.Jared quickly learns to use his mouse only when it's buzzing.These behaviours by both Carmen and Jared are examples of the _______ view of learning.