Exam 5: Learning

The Law of Effect emphasized that responses were more likely to be made if they were followed by some pleasing consequence.

Which researcher is best known for studying the phenomenon of insight in animals?

Mark and Kathy take their two-year-old son to the supermarket every Saturday.Each week,the same sequence of events unfolds: their son screams,demanding that they buy him treats.Although they refuse to give in to his demands,he continues to scream.Finally,either Mark or Kathy gets in their son's face and yells at the top of their lungs,"Shut up!" He stops screaming instantly.What operant conditioning concepts are illustrated in this story?

A young child watches her mother make pancakes.She wants to please her mother so she pays attention.However,when she goes to make the pancakes on her own,she can't break the eggs for the batter without making a terrible mess and dropping them on the floor,no matter how hard she tries.Her attempt failed because of a problem with the _______ element of the identified four components necessary for observational learning?

One might expect that classical conditioning was discovered by a psychologist.However,it was actually discovered by a/an ____________.

People's tendency to perceive a thing a certain way because their previous experiences or expectations influence them is called:

Which of the following events most intrigued Pavlov and led to his discoveries?

Köhler identified _______ as requiring a rapid perception of relationships.

Pavlov's model of classical conditioning was based on the idea that the conditioned stimulus,through its association close in time with the unconditioned stimulus,came to activate the same place in the animal's brain that was originally activated by the unconditioned stimulus.This was known as:

What is the most likely explanation for why fear caused by severe punishment tends to make the punishment ineffective?

__________ is/are any relatively permanent change in behaviour brought about by experience or practice.

The first time Giorgio sees a duck,his mother tells him,"That's a duck.Can you say duck?" He repeats the word gleefully.The next day he is watching a cartoon and sees a chicken on the television.He points at the chicken and says,"Duck!" This is an example of:

Learning to make a reflex response to a stimulus other than to the original,natural stimulus is called:

According to B.F.Skinner,negative reinforcement of a response makes you more likely to continue to make that response.

A researcher places dogs in a cage with metal bars on the floor.The dogs are randomly given electric shocks and can do nothing to prevent them or stop them.Later,the same dogs are placed in a cage where they can escape the shocks by jumping over a low hurdle.When the shocks are given,the dogs do not even try to escape.They just sit and cower.This is an example of:

Which of the following statements about learning is NOT true?

Which part of the eye is a muscle that regulates the size of the pupil?

An animal is conditioned to salivate to a bell using Pavlovian procedures.After the conditioning is established,the animal is then put through an extinction procedure and the conditioned salivation disappears.Then the animal is removed from the test situation for several days.When returned to the test situation,the conditioned response is seen again.The effect is known as:

Which of the following statements is TRUE about behaviour modification?

The use of tokens can be used as a form of behavioural modification.