Exam 9: Contract Clauses and Their Administration

Most union contracts have a duration of ______________ years.

When making a determination as to whether an employee was justly or unjustly terminated,an arbitrator will generally apply a set of rules known as "the seven tests of just cause."

The effect of a union contract is often to create wage compression.

Traditional U.S.union contracts spell out the safety standards that __________________ is (are)obliged to uphold.

Traditional grievance procedures are criticized for encouraging or allowing employees to become overly involved in workplace decision-making.

A basic element of most nonunion dispute resolution procedures is ____________________.

When contract language is ambiguous arbitrators:

Arbitrators uniformly insist that strict rules of due process be adhered to when management investigates disciplinary actions at work.

Although there are some key differences,grievance arbitration closely resembles:

The purpose of a management rights clause is to ensure that management:

In 1975,the Supreme Court ruled that employees who believe that discipline will result from a meeting with management may insist that a union representative be present.These rights are known as _______________________________ rights.

Traditional U.S.union contracts provide strict guidelines for employers,but are not legally enforceable in the United States.

When parties have a dispute over how to interpret a union contract and that dispute cannot be resolved internally,they may engage in _______________________________ which involves a hearing before a third-party neutral,who issues a decision that is binding on the parties.

Bumping rights are a seniority provision in many union contracts which allow workers with greater tenure at a company to take the jobs of those with less seniority in the event of a layoff.

One of the key roles of an arbitrator is to interpret the language of a contract,even when that language is unclear or ambiguous.Describe the rules that arbitrators apply to try to fairly interpret the contract.

A rules-based approach to workplace justice was welcomed by unions because it fulfilled the union's need for:

Turnover is generally higher in unionized settings than it is in nonunionized settings.

Colson Company's contract with Teamsters Local 59 specifies that supervisors are to make promotion decisions by selecting the most senior employee from a pool of qualified employees.The company is allocating promotions using:

Today,nearly every union contract in the United States contains a grievance procedure to resolve allegations by employees and/or the union that the employer has violated the contract.

Union contracts covering blue collar workers typically state the wage rate tied to the knowledge,skills,abilities,and performance of each individual holding the jobs.