Question 1

A specific nucleic acid fragment is used in all but one of the following techniques?

Accepted Answer

A) Southern blotting 
B) Western blotting 
C) Northern blotting 
D) in situ hybridization 
A) Southern blotting 
B) Western blotting 
C) Northern blotting 
D) in situ hybridization B

Question 2

Describe how genetic complementation can be used in yeast to determine whether two different recessive mutations are in the same or different genes.

Accepted Answer

Yeasts are normally a haploid organism but can be made to form a diploid organism by mating.Genetic complementation is a phenomenon whereby the wild-type phenotype can be restored after mating two recessive mutants.If two recessive mutations are in the same gene then a diploid organism containing both mutations will show a mutant phenotype because neither allele provides a functional copy of the gene.If two recessive mutations are in different genes then the diploid yeast will show a wild-type phenotype because a wild-type allele of each gene will be present.

Question 3

Which of the following polymerase chain reaction techniques is widely used to study the amount of a specific mRNA within a cell or tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) qualitative regional transcribed-PCR 
B) quantitative reverse targeted-PCR 
C) quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR 
D) qualitative regional transposase-PCR 
A) qualitative regional transcribed-PCR 
B) quantitative reverse targeted-PCR 
C) quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR 
D) qualitative regional transposase-PCR C

Question 4

One common difference between meiosis and mitosis is that in meiosis,the end result is:

Accepted Answer

A) four cells each having two chromosomes. 
B) two cells each having one chromosome. 
C) four cells each having one chromosome. 
D) two cells each having two chromosomes. 
A) four cells each having two chromosomes. 
B) two cells each having one chromosome. 
C) four cells each having one chromosome. 
D) two cells each having two chromosomes.

Question 5

What is epitope tagging? What is its application?

Accepted Answer

Epitope tagging is a method by which a c

Question 6

Construction of a cDNA library involves several steps,the first usually involves:

Accepted Answer

A) digesting noncoding regions of DNA. 
B) cloning complementary double-strand DNA into a plasmid. 
C) isolating total RNA from the organism or cell type of interest. 
D) reverse transcribing RNA into cDNA. 
A) digesting noncoding regions of DNA. 
B) cloning complementary double-strand DNA into a plasmid. 
C) isolating total RNA from the organism or cell type of interest. 
D) reverse transcribing RNA into cDNA.

Question 7

As an investigator you want to functionally inactivate a gene without altering its sequence.Which of the following would you use to accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

A) gene knockout 
B) RNA interference 
C) dominant negative mutation 
D) RNA interference and dominant negative mutation 
A) gene knockout 
B) RNA interference 
C) dominant negative mutation 
D) RNA interference and dominant negative mutation

Question 8

The process by which genes cloned into specialized eukaryotic vectors are introduced into cultured animal cells for transient expression analysis is called:

Accepted Answer

A) ligation. 
B) hybridization. 
C) transfection. 
D) transformation. 
A) ligation. 
B) hybridization. 
C) transfection. 
D) transformation.

Question 9

Which of the following is used to compare gene expression in cells under different conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) Southern blotting 
B) P-element insertion 
C) stable transfection 
D) microarray analysis 
A) Southern blotting 
B) P-element insertion 
C) stable transfection 
D) microarray analysis

Question 10

A polylinker increases the versatility of a DNA plasmid because it contains:

Accepted Answer

A) a DNA recognition sequences for several different restriction enzymes. 
B) a DNA sequence to allow the vector to replicate. 
C) a DNA sequence that confers resistance to ampicillin. 
D) b and c 
A) a DNA recognition sequences for several different restriction enzymes. 
B) a DNA sequence to allow the vector to replicate. 
C) a DNA sequence that confers resistance to ampicillin. 
D) b and c

Question 11

How can the function of an essential gene required for embryonic development be studied in an adult knockout mouse?

Accepted Answer

A standard knockout mouse cannot be crea

Question 12

To see if your polymerase chain reaction was successful and it amplified the right sequence of interest,you electrophorese the products from the reaction on an agarose gel.After staining the gel you find there are two bands of different sizes.Which one of the following is a possible explanation for these results?

Accepted Answer

A) The PCR induced a frame shift mutation into the DNA sequence. 
B) RNA polymerase copied the DNA into two copies of RNA. 
C) The primers annealed to two different templates. 
D) a and b 
A) The PCR induced a frame shift mutation into the DNA sequence. 
B) RNA polymerase copied the DNA into two copies of RNA. 
C) The primers annealed to two different templates. 
D) a and b

Question 13

RNAi is used to functionally inactivate genes in cells and whole organisms like C.elegans.Describe the basics of how you would knock down the expression of a gene required for muscle formation in C.elegans and what method could you use to confirm that your results were specifically attributed to the RNAi?

Accepted Answer

The cDNA coding sequence of the muscle t

Question 14

You want to amplify a region of yeast DNA using PCR so that this fragment can be cloned into a plasmid.Which of the following is needed for the PCR?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA polymerase 
B) DNA ligase 
C) DNA helicase 
D) Taq polymerase 
A) RNA polymerase 
B) DNA ligase 
C) DNA helicase 
D) Taq polymerase

Question 15

Compare the advantages and limitations of microarrays and Northern blots for analyzing gene expression.

Accepted Answer

Microarrays allow a more global analysis

Question 16

Northern blotting is a technique used to detect which one of the following in cells and tissues?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) protein. 
D) carbohydrate. 
A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) protein. 
D) carbohydrate.

Question 17

You have an E.coli plasmid containing a mammalian cDNA and want to isolate the cDNA to use in another experiment.The plasmid map reveals that you can isolate the complete cDNA by digesting the plasmid with EcoRI.How many bands would there be after a successful EcoRI restriction enzyme digest?

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four

Question 18

CRISPR,one of the latest technologies to allow investigators to edit DNA sequences within a genome,can inactivate gene function if it produces a frameshift mutation leading to which one of the following sequences?

Accepted Answer

A) TAG 
B) TTT 
C) TGT 
D) TTA 
A) TAG 
B) TTT 
C) TGT 
D) TTA

Question 19

A recombinant DNA vector:

Accepted Answer

A) cannot replicate in a host. 
B) does not contain bacterial DNA sequences. 
C) contains DNA sequences from only one source. 
D) contains DNA sequences that can be cleaved by restriction enzymes. 
A) cannot replicate in a host. 
B) does not contain bacterial DNA sequences. 
C) contains DNA sequences from only one source. 
D) contains DNA sequences that can be cleaved by restriction enzymes.

Question 20

Which of the following tests is used to determine if different recessive mutations are in the same gene?

Accepted Answer

A) centimorgan linkage test 
B) conditional test 
C) cohabitation test 
D) complementation test 
A) centimorgan linkage test 
B) conditional test 
C) cohabitation test 
D) complementation test

Exam 2: Molecular Genetic Techniques

A specific nucleic acid fragment is used in all but one of the following techniques?

Describe how genetic complementation can be used in yeast to determine whether two different recessive mutations are in the same or different genes.

Which of the following polymerase chain reaction techniques is widely used to study the amount of a specific mRNA within a cell or tissue?

One common difference between meiosis and mitosis is that in meiosis,the end result is:

What is epitope tagging? What is its application?

Construction of a cDNA library involves several steps,the first usually involves:

As an investigator you want to functionally inactivate a gene without altering its sequence.Which of the following would you use to accomplish this?

The process by which genes cloned into specialized eukaryotic vectors are introduced into cultured animal cells for transient expression analysis is called:

Which of the following is used to compare gene expression in cells under different conditions?

A polylinker increases the versatility of a DNA plasmid because it contains:

How can the function of an essential gene required for embryonic development be studied in an adult knockout mouse?

You want to amplify a region of yeast DNA using PCR so that this fragment can be cloned into a plasmid.Which of the following is needed for the PCR?

Compare the advantages and limitations of microarrays and Northern blots for analyzing gene expression.

Northern blotting is a technique used to detect which one of the following in cells and tissues?

You have an E.coli plasmid containing a mammalian cDNA and want to isolate the cDNA to use in another experiment.The plasmid map reveals that you can isolate the complete cDNA by digesting the plasmid with EcoRI.How many bands would there be after a successful EcoRI restriction enzyme digest?

CRISPR,one of the latest technologies to allow investigators to edit DNA sequences within a genome,can inactivate gene function if it produces a frameshift mutation leading to which one of the following sequences?

A recombinant DNA vector:

Which of the following tests is used to determine if different recessive mutations are in the same gene?

Chemical Foundations

Protein Structure and Function

Culturing and Visualizing Cells

Fundamental Molecular Genetic Mechanisms

Bio-membrane Structure

Genes Genomics and Chromosomes

Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression

Post-Transcriptional Gene Control

Transmembrane Transport of Ions and Small Molecules

Cellular Energetics

Moving Proteins Into Membranes and Organelles

Vesicular Traffic, Secretion, and Endocytosis

Signal Transduction and G-Protein Coupled Receptors

Signaling Pathways That Control Gene Activity

Cell Organization and Movement I: Microfilaments

Cell Organization and Movement II: Microtubules and Intermediate Filaments

Regulating the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle

Integrating Cells Into Tissues

Cell Birth, Lineage, and Death

Nerve Cells

Immunology

Cancer

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