Chat with AIExam 11: Language
A psycholinguist conducts an experiment with a group of participants from a small village in Asia and another from a small village in South America.She asked the groups to describe the bands of color they saw in a rainbow and found they reported the same number of bands as their language possessed primary color words.These results
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VerifiedA
Give an example of a garden-path sentence.Explain the syntax-first and interactionist approaches to parsing such sentences.
(40) VerifiedINTRODUCTION :- Garden-path sentences refers to those sentences which are basically grammitcally correct,but they are interpreted or framed in such a way,that a reader feels that it will have no meaning at the end of the sentence.Such sentences are framed in a way that at start it will seem meaningless,one needs to read it twice or thrice to get the actual meaning,and at last it will turn out to be meaningful.
EXAMPLE OF GARDEN-PATH SENTENCE
Because she exercise daily an hour appears small to her.?
In this example when one reads continuously from start "she exercise daily" along with "an hour",one may tends to get confused,but on re reading it gets clear that with "an hour" a new sentence is being started,thus making sense to complete phrase.
APPROACHES OF PARSING GARDEN-PATH SENTENCES
Syntax-First approach
Interactionist approach
SYNTAX-FIRST APPROACH :- The syntax first approach of garden path sentence states that the in a sentence syntax is used first and thereafter the semantics are being used,which as a result creates bit ambiguity in the sentence,as a result one needs to to read sentence again inorder to get the actual meaning of sentence.In such type of senteces the syntax belongs to main part and the semantics used in it,supports the syntax.
INTERACTIONIST APPROACH :- Interactionist approach is complete opposite of syntax approach,as this approach states that both syntax and semantic plays an important role and are used together in determining the exact meaning of the sentence provided.In this approach neither syntax nor semantic plays main role rather both together helps in getting the meaning of sentence.
Imagine you are interpreting a pair of sentences such as "The sidewalk was covered with ice" and "Ramona fell down." The kind of inference we use to link these sentences together would most likely be a(n)_____ inference.
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The crucial question in comparing syntax-first and interactionist approaches to parsing is ____ is involved.
(38) Within the realm of conversational speech, context refers to
(34) Ty has finished work on his doctoral dissertation.He studied how most adults understand words, specifically the priming effects of categorically related words and submitted a proposal to be included in a psychological conference to present his work to his peers.Presentation at the conference is segregated based on the particular topic in psychology under consideration.It is most likely that Ty's work will be presented in a conference session on
(35) In a study, participants listened to the following tape recording:
Rumor had it that, for years, the government building had been plagued with problems.The man was not surprised when he found several spiders, roaches, and other bugs in the corner of the room.
As participants heard the word "bugs," they completed a lexical decision task to a test stimulus flashed on a screen.Results showed that the participants responded most slowly to the test stimulus
(41) Yoda, a central character of the Star Wars movies created by George Lucas, has a distinctive way of speaking.His statement, "Afraid you will be," violates which English language property?
(36) When two people engage in a conversation, if one person produces a specific grammatical construction in her speech and then the other person does the same, this phenomenon is referred to as
(35) According to the idea of _____, when we read a sentence like, "Carmelo grabbed his coat from his bedroom and his backpack from the living room, walked downstairs, and called his friend Gerry," we create a map of Carmelo's apartment and keep track of his location as he moves throughout the apartment.
(35) Define inference as it applies to text processing.Write a sample narrative paragraph that includes examples of anaphoric inference, instrument inference, and causal inference.Identify and describe each occurrence.
(37) In the phonemic restoration effect, participants "fill in" the missing phoneme based on all of the following EXCEPT
(36) Lilo can't wait for school to start.This year is the first time she gets to take a foreign language class, and she is taking Japanese.Dr.Nabuto is a professor interested in studying how people learn additional languages later in life, and he is including Lilo's class in his research. Dr.Nabuto is most likely studying
(27) Swinney's research measuring response time to different words with either similar or different meanings is an example of which research methodology?
(20) The word frequency effect refers to the fact that we respond more
(33) Chaz is listening to his grandma reminisce about the first time she danced with his grandpa 60 years ago.When his grandma says, "It seemed like the song would play forever," Chaz understands that it is more likely his grandma was listening to a radio playing and not a CD.This understanding requires Chaz use a(n)
(29) Tanenhaus and coworkers' eye movement study presented participants with different pictures for interpreting the sentence, "Put the apple on the towel in the box." Their results showed the importance of _____ in how we understand sentences in real-life situations.
(41) You are conducting a study on how fluency influences the phonemic restoration effect.You study two groups of non-native English speakers, one with a year of English classes and the other with 10 years.All of your stimuli are in English.Who would you expect to show the greatest phonemic restoration effect?
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