Question 1

Except for nitrogen,_________ is the element most likely to be present in amounts so small as to limit the growth of plants.

Accepted Answer

A) phosphorus 
B) potassium 
C) sulfur 
D) magnesium 
A) phosphorus 
B) potassium 
C) sulfur 
D) magnesium

Question 2

Which of the following choices best describes the relationship that exists between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Photosynthesis captures and stores carbon from the atmosphere.Cellular respiration releases carbon back into the atmosphere. 
B) Photosynthesis captures and stores carbon from the atmosphere as does cellular respiration. 
C) Photosynthesis releases carbon into the atmosphere.Cellular respiration captures and stores carbon from the atmosphere. 
D) Photosynthesis releases carbon into the atmosphere as does cellular respiration. 
A) Photosynthesis captures and stores carbon from the atmosphere.Cellular respiration releases carbon back into the atmosphere. 
B) Photosynthesis captures and stores carbon from the atmosphere as does cellular respiration. 
C) Photosynthesis releases carbon into the atmosphere.Cellular respiration captures and stores carbon from the atmosphere. 
D) Photosynthesis releases carbon into the atmosphere as does cellular respiration.

Question 3

The organisms that live on the refuse of an ecosystem are called

Accepted Answer

A) autotrophs. 
B) carnivores. 
C) denitrifiers. 
D) detritivores. 
E) herbivores. 
A) autotrophs. 
B) carnivores. 
C) denitrifiers. 
D) detritivores. 
E) herbivores.

Question 4

In an ecosystem,the amount of organic matter produced in a given time that is available for heterotrophs is known as

Accepted Answer

A) daily yield. 
B) gross productivity. 
C) net primary productivity. 
D) effective vitality. 
E) net yield. 
A) daily yield. 
B) gross productivity. 
C) net primary productivity. 
D) effective vitality. 
E) net yield.

Question 5

Which of the following feed directly on the green plants?

Accepted Answer

A) primary producers 
B) primary consumers 
C) secondary consumers 
D) secondary producers 
E) decomposers 
A) primary producers 
B) primary consumers 
C) secondary consumers 
D) secondary producers 
E) decomposers

Question 6

Which one of the following statements about the carbon cycle is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbon and nitrogen fixation have analogous functions in their cycles. 
B) Burning of fossil fuels has lead to the current imbalance in the carbon cycle. 
C) Cutting down rainforests decreases atmospheric CO2 levels. 
D) In water,inorganic carbon exists in two different forms,both of which can be used by autotrophs. 
E) Carbon cycles globally. 
A) Carbon and nitrogen fixation have analogous functions in their cycles. 
B) Burning of fossil fuels has lead to the current imbalance in the carbon cycle. 
C) Cutting down rainforests decreases atmospheric CO2 levels. 
D) In water,inorganic carbon exists in two different forms,both of which can be used by autotrophs. 
E) Carbon cycles globally.

Question 7

Organisms depend on nutrient cycling.Nutrient cycling involves all of the following processes except

Accepted Answer

A) respiration. 
B) photosynthesis. 
C) decomposition. 
D) feeding. 
E) heat radiation. 
A) respiration. 
B) photosynthesis. 
C) decomposition. 
D) feeding. 
E) heat radiation.

Question 8

All of the following are true about ecosystems except

Accepted Answer

A) they contain both living and nonliving components. 
B) there is a transfer of energy through the system and it is lost. 
C) there is a cycling of nutrients through the system again and again. 
D) the ultimate source of energy is the sun for nearly all known ecosystems. 
E) they represent the lowest level of biological organization that is known. 
A) they contain both living and nonliving components. 
B) there is a transfer of energy through the system and it is lost. 
C) there is a cycling of nutrients through the system again and again. 
D) the ultimate source of energy is the sun for nearly all known ecosystems. 
E) they represent the lowest level of biological organization that is known.

Question 9

Which of the following biogeochemical cycles contain a mineral component?

Accepted Answer

A) phosphorus 
B) carbon 
C) nitrogen 
D) oxygen 
E) water 
A) phosphorus 
B) carbon 
C) nitrogen 
D) oxygen 
E) water

Question 10

Which one of the links in the food chain shown below is the producer?
Grass-cricket-garden spider-blue jay-red-tailed hawk

Accepted Answer

A) grass 
B) cricket 
C) garden spider 
D) blue jay 
E) red-tailed hawk 
A) grass 
B) cricket 
C) garden spider 
D) blue jay 
E) red-tailed hawk

Question 11

The upper,unconfined portion of the groundwater constitutes the

Accepted Answer

A) aquifer. 
B) spring water. 
C) surface pool. 
D) water table. 
E) liquid water. 
A) aquifer. 
B) spring water. 
C) surface pool. 
D) water table. 
E) liquid water.

Question 12

The form of nitrogen most likely to be absorbed from the soil by plants is

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogenous wastes. 
B) nucleic acids. 
C) nitrogen gas. 
D) nitrous oxide gas. 
E) nitrite/nitrate ions. 
A) nitrogenous wastes. 
B) nucleic acids. 
C) nitrogen gas. 
D) nitrous oxide gas. 
E) nitrite/nitrate ions.

Question 13

The primary consumers are

Accepted Answer

A) autotrophs. 
B) carnivores. 
C) decomposers. 
D) detritivores. 
E) herbivores. 
A) autotrophs. 
B) carnivores. 
C) decomposers. 
D) detritivores. 
E) herbivores.

Question 14

A good average value for the amount of organic matter that reaches the next trophic level is about

Accepted Answer

A) 20%. 
B) 10%. 
C) 5%. 
D) 2%. 
E) 1%. 
A) 20%. 
B) 10%. 
C) 5%. 
D) 2%. 
E) 1%.

Question 15

In a food chain consisting of four trophic levels,if the energy present in the top level is 48 kcal/m2/yr,how much energy do you expect in primary consumers? (Use an energy transfer rate of 10%. )

Accepted Answer

A) 4.8 kcal/m2/yr 
B) 48 kcal/m2/yr 
C) 480 kcal/m2/yr 
D) 4,800 kcal/m2/yr 
E) 48,000 kcal/m2/yr 
A) 4.8 kcal/m2/yr 
B) 48 kcal/m2/yr 
C) 480 kcal/m2/yr 
D) 4,800 kcal/m2/yr 
E) 48,000 kcal/m2/yr

Question 16

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
-Cyclic paths involving both biological and chemical processes.Begin with chemicals being incorporated into the bodies of organisms from nonliving reservoirs such as atmosphere or the waters of oceans or rivers or rocks.

Accepted Answer

A) ecological pyramid of energy 
B) ecosystem 
C) species diversity cline 
D) food web/food chain 
E) biogeochemical cycles 
A) ecological pyramid of energy 
B) ecosystem 
C) species diversity cline 
D) food web/food chain 
E) biogeochemical cycles

Question 17

Which one of the links in the food chain shown below does the cricket represent?
Grass-cricket-garden spider-blue jay-red-tailed hawk

Accepted Answer

A) producer 
B) primary producer 
C) primary consumer 
D) secondary consumer 
E) tertiary consumer 
A) producer 
B) primary producer 
C) primary consumer 
D) secondary consumer 
E) tertiary consumer

Question 18

Which one of the following observations is not an expected outcome from the bottom-up model for trophic-level interactions?

Accepted Answer

A) When primary production is low,biomass of herbivores and carnivores are also low. 
B) When primary production increases above the low level,the herbivore biomass also increases. 
C) When primary production increases above the low level,the carnivore biomass also increases. 
D) As primary production increased further,the carnivore biomass continued to increase. 
E) The herbivore biomass remained fairly independent of primary production at higher production levels. 
A) When primary production is low,biomass of herbivores and carnivores are also low. 
B) When primary production increases above the low level,the herbivore biomass also increases. 
C) When primary production increases above the low level,the carnivore biomass also increases. 
D) As primary production increased further,the carnivore biomass continued to increase. 
E) The herbivore biomass remained fairly independent of primary production at higher production levels.

Question 19

In an ecosystem,which statement reflects the relationship with energy and nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A) Energy cycles and nutrients also cycle in a balanced ecosystem. 
B) Energy flows and nutrients cycle in an ecosystem. 
C) Energy cycles and nutrients flow in an ecosystem. 
D) Energy flows and nutrients flow through an ecosystem. 
E) In an unbalanced ecosystem,nutrients are stored in energy cycles. 
A) Energy cycles and nutrients also cycle in a balanced ecosystem. 
B) Energy flows and nutrients cycle in an ecosystem. 
C) Energy cycles and nutrients flow in an ecosystem. 
D) Energy flows and nutrients flow through an ecosystem. 
E) In an unbalanced ecosystem,nutrients are stored in energy cycles.

Question 20

The net weight of all of the organisms living in an ecosystem is its

Accepted Answer

A) productivity. 
B) biomass. 
C) vital force. 
D) photosynthesis minus metabolism. 
E) combined output of metabolism and photosynthesis. 
A) productivity. 
B) biomass. 
C) vital force. 
D) photosynthesis minus metabolism. 
E) combined output of metabolism and photosynthesis.

Exam 58: Dynamics of Ecosystems

Except for nitrogen,_________ is the element most likely to be present in amounts so small as to limit the growth of plants.

Which of the following choices best describes the relationship that exists between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

The organisms that live on the refuse of an ecosystem are called

In an ecosystem,the amount of organic matter produced in a given time that is available for heterotrophs is known as

Which of the following feed directly on the green plants?

Which one of the following statements about the carbon cycle is false?

Organisms depend on nutrient cycling.Nutrient cycling involves all of the following processes except

All of the following are true about ecosystems except

Which of the following biogeochemical cycles contain a mineral component?

Which one of the links in the food chain shown below is the producer? Grass-cricket-garden spider-blue jay-red-tailed hawk

The upper,unconfined portion of the groundwater constitutes the

The form of nitrogen most likely to be absorbed from the soil by plants is

The primary consumers are

A good average value for the amount of organic matter that reaches the next trophic level is about

In a food chain consisting of four trophic levels,if the energy present in the top level is 48 kcal/m2/yr,how much energy do you expect in primary consumers? (Use an energy transfer rate of 10%. )

Choose the letter of the best match from the following: -Cyclic paths involving both biological and chemical processes.Begin with chemicals being incorporated into the bodies of organisms from nonliving reservoirs such as atmosphere or the waters of oceans or rivers or rocks.

Which one of the links in the food chain shown below does the cricket represent? Grass-cricket-garden spider-blue jay-red-tailed hawk

Which one of the following observations is not an expected outcome from the bottom-up model for trophic-level interactions?

In an ecosystem,which statement reflects the relationship with energy and nutrients?

The net weight of all of the organisms living in an ecosystem is its

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes Mapping and the Meiosis - Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Tree of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Overview of Green Plants

Fungi

Overview of Animal Diversity

Noncoelomate Invertebrates

Coelomate Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Form

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Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

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Sensory Systems in Plants

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The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

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Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

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Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Population Ecology

Community of Ecology

The Biosphere

Conservation Biology

In a food chain consisting of four trophic levels,if the energy present in the top level is 48 kcal/m²/yr,how much energy do you expect in primary consumers? (Use an energy transfer rate of 10%. )