Question 1

Which of the following statements best fits as an analogy for a cell with a mutation in a tumor-suppressor gene?

Accepted Answer

A) The gas pedal of a car gets stuck while pushed down. 
B) The gas pedal of a car does not work at all. 
C) The brake pedal of a car gets stuck while pushed down. 
D) The brake pedal of a car does not work at all. 
A) The gas pedal of a car gets stuck while pushed down. 
B) The gas pedal of a car does not work at all. 
C) The brake pedal of a car gets stuck while pushed down. 
D) The brake pedal of a car does not work at all.

Question 2

The actual process of cell division in eukaryotic cells is called

Accepted Answer

A) meiosis. 
B) mitosis. 
C) binary fission. 
D) cytokinesis. 
A) meiosis. 
B) mitosis. 
C) binary fission. 
D) cytokinesis.

Question 3

Chromosomes are readily visible under the microscope.

Accepted Answer

A) G1 
B) S 
C) G2 
D) M 
E) C 
A) G1 
B) S 
C) G2 
D) M 
E) C

Question 4

Eukaryotic chromosomes are coated with proteins containing a high proportion of basic amino acids.These proteins are given the name

Accepted Answer

A) albumins. 
B) antibodies. 
C) enzymes. 
D) histamines. 
E) histones. 
A) albumins. 
B) antibodies. 
C) enzymes. 
D) histamines. 
E) histones.

Question 5

If the centrioles are mispositioned in the cell,a functional mitotic spindle will fail to form.In this situation,how will chromosome segregation be affected?

Accepted Answer

A) Microtubules will not attach to the kinetochores. 
B) The sister chromatids will be pulled apart and equally divided among daughter cells. 
C) All of the chromosomes will go to one of the daughter cells. 
D) Sister chromatids will not be divided equally among daughter cells. 
A) Microtubules will not attach to the kinetochores. 
B) The sister chromatids will be pulled apart and equally divided among daughter cells. 
C) All of the chromosomes will go to one of the daughter cells. 
D) Sister chromatids will not be divided equally among daughter cells.

Question 6

You are assembling a model of a chromosome,but begin having some trouble when you get to the solenoids.If you are unable to resolve this problem,which of the following steps of chromosome structure would you be unable to achieve?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA double helix 
B) nucleosome 
C) chromatin loop 
D) histone/DNA complex 
A) DNA double helix 
B) nucleosome 
C) chromatin loop 
D) histone/DNA complex

Question 7

The proteins that participate in the functioning of the checkpoints for cell cycle control are

Accepted Answer

A) microtubules. 
B) asters. 
C) histones. 
D) cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. 
E) channel proteins. 
A) microtubules. 
B) asters. 
C) histones. 
D) cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. 
E) channel proteins.

Question 8

If a eukaryotic cell has a single set of chromosomes,it is called

Accepted Answer

A) haploid. 
B) diploid. 
C) polypoid. 
A) haploid. 
B) diploid. 
C) polypoid.

Question 9

The stage of mitosis characterized by the physical separation of sister chromatids is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) anaphase 
B) metaphase 
C) interphase 
D) telophase 
A) anaphase 
B) metaphase 
C) interphase 
D) telophase

Question 10

In prophase,ribosomal RNA synthesis stops when the chromosomes condense,and this makes the

Accepted Answer

A) chromosomes lengthen. 
B) nuclear envelope reform. 
C) nucleolus disappear. 
D) chromosomes line up at the equator. 
A) chromosomes lengthen. 
B) nuclear envelope reform. 
C) nucleolus disappear. 
D) chromosomes line up at the equator.

Question 11

The progress of mitosis is regulated by ______ and their dependent kinases.

Accepted Answer

A) hormones 
B) chromosomes 
C) cyclins 
D) paracrine signaling 
A) hormones 
B) chromosomes 
C) cyclins 
D) paracrine signaling

Question 12

You are studying cell cycle progression in yeast cells.If you could prevent cdc2 from associating with mitotic cyclin,the cells would

Accepted Answer

A) arrest in G1. 
B) arrest in G2. 
C) arrest in M. 
D) arrest in S. 
A) arrest in G1. 
B) arrest in G2. 
C) arrest in M. 
D) arrest in S.

Question 13

The attachment of which molecules is critical for the proper separation of sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

A) chromosomes 
B) asters 
C) microtubules 
D) cyclins 
E) protein kinases 
A) chromosomes 
B) asters 
C) microtubules 
D) cyclins 
E) protein kinases

Question 14

The first stage of mitosis,when the chromosomes become visibly shorter and thicker is

Accepted Answer

A) anaphase. 
B) interphase. 
C) metaphase. 
D) prophase. 
E) telophasE. 
A) anaphase. 
B) interphase. 
C) metaphase. 
D) prophase. 
E) telophasE.

Question 15

You are examining the effect of maturation-promoting factor (MPF)in sea urchin cells,which have a diploid number of 36.If you fuse a dividing sea urchin cell with a G1 arrested oocyte,what would be the outcome?

Accepted Answer

A) The G1 cell would undergo mitosis and its daughter cells would each have 18 chromosomes. 
B) The G1 cell would undergo mitosis and its daughter cells would each have 36 chromosomes. 
C) The G1 cell would fail to undergo mitosis because it has not yet gone through S phase. 
D) The G1 cell would first go through S phase and then mitosis.Its daughter cells would have 36 chromosomes. 
A) The G1 cell would undergo mitosis and its daughter cells would each have 18 chromosomes. 
B) The G1 cell would undergo mitosis and its daughter cells would each have 36 chromosomes. 
C) The G1 cell would fail to undergo mitosis because it has not yet gone through S phase. 
D) The G1 cell would first go through S phase and then mitosis.Its daughter cells would have 36 chromosomes.

Question 16

All of the following phases occur during interphase of the cell cycle except

Accepted Answer

A) G1. 
B) S. 
C) G2. 
D) M. 
A) G1. 
B) S. 
C) G2. 
D) M.

Question 17

Which of the following sequence of cell-cycle phases is characteristic of eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) G to S to M 
B) G1 to S to G2 to M to C 
C) S to M to C 
D) G1 to G2 to S to C 
E) G1 to G2 to G3 to S to C 
A) G to S to M 
B) G1 to S to G2 to M to C 
C) S to M to C 
D) G1 to G2 to S to C 
E) G1 to G2 to G3 to S to C

Question 18

You are leading a team of researchers at a pharmaceutical company.Your goal is to design drugs that help fight cancer.Specifically,you want to focus on drugs that bind to and inactivate certain proteins,thereby halting cell cycle progression.One of your team members suggests targeting the retinoblastoma (Rb)protein.Will this approach be successful? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

A) This approach will not be successful.Rb is tumor-suppressor protein,and functions to inhibit the action of a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins.A drug designed to inactivate the Rb protein would essentially create the same situation as in as a cell that lacks both copies of the Rb gene.Lack of Rb activity would release the inhibition of cell cycle regulatory proteins,thereby promoting cell cycle progression,rather than halting it. 
B) This approach will be successful.Rb is tumor-suppressor protein,and functions to inhibit the action of a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins.A drug designed to activate the Rb protein would halt the cell cycle. 
C) This approach will be successful.Rb is tumor-suppressor protein,and functions to inhibit the action of a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins.A drug designed to inactivate the Rb protein would activate a cell cycle inhibition.Lack of Rb activity would therfore inhibit the cell cycle regulatory proteins. 
A) This approach will not be successful.Rb is tumor-suppressor protein,and functions to inhibit the action of a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins.A drug designed to inactivate the Rb protein would essentially create the same situation as in as a cell that lacks both copies of the Rb gene.Lack of Rb activity would release the inhibition of cell cycle regulatory proteins,thereby promoting cell cycle progression,rather than halting it. 
B) This approach will be successful.Rb is tumor-suppressor protein,and functions to inhibit the action of a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins.A drug designed to activate the Rb protein would halt the cell cycle. 
C) This approach will be successful.Rb is tumor-suppressor protein,and functions to inhibit the action of a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins.A drug designed to inactivate the Rb protein would activate a cell cycle inhibition.Lack of Rb activity would therfore inhibit the cell cycle regulatory proteins.

Question 19

In the human,the body cells (non-sex cells)contain two sets of chromosomes totaling

Accepted Answer

A) 2. 
B) 22. 
C) 44. 
D) 46. 
E) 23. 
A) 2. 
B) 22. 
C) 44. 
D) 46. 
E) 23.

Question 20

Animal cells typically achieve cytokinesis by

Accepted Answer

A) binary fission. 
B) forming a cell plate across the middle of the cell. 
C) forming a cleavage furrow that pinches the cell into two. 
D) chromosome condensation. 
E) chromosome elongation. 
A) binary fission. 
B) forming a cell plate across the middle of the cell. 
C) forming a cleavage furrow that pinches the cell into two. 
D) chromosome condensation. 
E) chromosome elongation.

Exam 10: How Cells Divide

Which of the following statements best fits as an analogy for a cell with a mutation in a tumor-suppressor gene?

The actual process of cell division in eukaryotic cells is called

Chromosomes are readily visible under the microscope.

Eukaryotic chromosomes are coated with proteins containing a high proportion of basic amino acids.These proteins are given the name

If the centrioles are mispositioned in the cell,a functional mitotic spindle will fail to form.In this situation,how will chromosome segregation be affected?

You are assembling a model of a chromosome,but begin having some trouble when you get to the solenoids.If you are unable to resolve this problem,which of the following steps of chromosome structure would you be unable to achieve?

The proteins that participate in the functioning of the checkpoints for cell cycle control are

If a eukaryotic cell has a single set of chromosomes,it is called

The stage of mitosis characterized by the physical separation of sister chromatids is called __________.

In prophase,ribosomal RNA synthesis stops when the chromosomes condense,and this makes the

The progress of mitosis is regulated by ______ and their dependent kinases.

You are studying cell cycle progression in yeast cells.If you could prevent cdc2 from associating with mitotic cyclin,the cells would

The attachment of which molecules is critical for the proper separation of sister chromatids?

The first stage of mitosis,when the chromosomes become visibly shorter and thicker is

You are examining the effect of maturation-promoting factor (MPF)in sea urchin cells,which have a diploid number of 36.If you fuse a dividing sea urchin cell with a G1 arrested oocyte,what would be the outcome?

All of the following phases occur during interphase of the cell cycle except

Which of the following sequence of cell-cycle phases is characteristic of eukaryotes?

In the human,the body cells (non-sex cells)contain two sets of chromosomes totaling

Animal cells typically achieve cytokinesis by

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You are examining the effect of maturation-promoting factor (MPF)in sea urchin cells,which have a diploid number of 36.If you fuse a dividing sea urchin cell with a G₁ arrested oocyte,what would be the outcome?