Question 1

An infectious disease is an infection that impairs the normal state of health.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The lack of susceptibility to diseases of other species in humans may be due to the

Accepted Answer

A) secretion of exotoxins. 
B) presence of endotoxins. 
C) action of IL-2. 
D) lack of receptors that are recognized by adherence factors. 
A) secretion of exotoxins. 
B) presence of endotoxins. 
C) action of IL-2. 
D) lack of receptors that are recognized by adherence factors. D

Question 3

The chemical nature of exotoxins is that of a

Accepted Answer

A) protein. 
B) carbohydrate. 
C) lipid. 
D) lipopolysaccharide. 
A) protein. 
B) carbohydrate. 
C) lipid. 
D) lipopolysaccharide. A

Question 4

The chemical nature of endotoxins is that of a

Accepted Answer

A) protein. 
B) nucleic acid. 
C) lipid. 
D) lipopolysaccharide. 
A) protein. 
B) nucleic acid. 
C) lipid. 
D) lipopolysaccharide.

Question 5

Which of the following does S.pneumoniae use to survive in the host?

Accepted Answer

A) Plasmids 
B) Pili 
C) Flagella 
D) Capsules 
A) Plasmids 
B) Pili 
C) Flagella 
D) Capsules

Question 6

The "hygiene hypothesis" proposes that

Accepted Answer

A) lack of exposure to microbes can promote development of allergies. 
B) cleanliness truly is next to godliness. 
C) hand washing is the best preventative measure against infection. 
D) the immune system develops best in a clean environment. 
A) lack of exposure to microbes can promote development of allergies. 
B) cleanliness truly is next to godliness. 
C) hand washing is the best preventative measure against infection. 
D) the immune system develops best in a clean environment.

Question 7

Disease(s)in which the causative agent becomes latent is/are

Accepted Answer

A) cold sores. 
B) genital herpes. 
C) shingles. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) cold sores. 
B) genital herpes. 
C) shingles. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 8

A human fetus has no resident microbial population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Bacteria may survive phagocytosis by

Accepted Answer

A) preventing fusion of the lysosome with the phagosome. 
B) lysing the phagosome. 
C) producing comet tails. 
D) preventing fusion of two phagosomes. 
E) preventing fusion of the lysosome with the phagosome AND lysing the phagosome. 
A) preventing fusion of the lysosome with the phagosome. 
B) lysing the phagosome. 
C) producing comet tails. 
D) preventing fusion of two phagosomes. 
E) preventing fusion of the lysosome with the phagosome AND lysing the phagosome.

Question 10

A strong attachment of a microorganism to a host cell automatically leads to disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Attributes of an organism that promote pathogenicity are called

Accepted Answer

A) disease factors. 
B) colonization factors. 
C) mutualistic. 
D) virulence factors. 
A) disease factors. 
B) colonization factors. 
C) mutualistic. 
D) virulence factors.

Question 12

Home-canned foods should be boiled before consumption to prevent botulism.Considering that this treatment does NOT destroy endospores,why would it be helpful in preventing the disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Because it would destroy the vegetative cells,and only the vegetative cells cause the disease. 
B) Because it would at least weaken the endospores,making them more susceptible to elimination by our immune system. 
C) Because the heat would denature the botulism exotoxin and inactivate it.The exotoxin is what leads to the disease symptoms,so this would make the food safer. 
D) Because the heat would denature the botulism endotoxin and inactivate it.The endotoxin is what leads to the disease symptoms,so this would make the food safer. 
A) Because it would destroy the vegetative cells,and only the vegetative cells cause the disease. 
B) Because it would at least weaken the endospores,making them more susceptible to elimination by our immune system. 
C) Because the heat would denature the botulism exotoxin and inactivate it.The exotoxin is what leads to the disease symptoms,so this would make the food safer. 
D) Because the heat would denature the botulism endotoxin and inactivate it.The endotoxin is what leads to the disease symptoms,so this would make the food safer.

Question 13

High concentrations of some bacteria are necessary for successful invasion because only at high density are their virulence genes expressed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

An example of genetic variation used in pathogen survival may be

Accepted Answer

A) production of a comet's tail. 
B) protease production. 
C) inhibition of MHC Class I antigen production. 
D) changing the pilus type. 
E) production of a comet's tail AND protease production. 
A) production of a comet's tail. 
B) protease production. 
C) inhibition of MHC Class I antigen production. 
D) changing the pilus type. 
E) production of a comet's tail AND protease production.

Question 15

Which is/are true of viruses?

Accepted Answer

A) They may suppress the production of MHC Class I protein. 
B) They may produce an MHC Class I mimic protein. 
C) They may prevent cell suicide. 
D) They may bind to MHC class II antigens. 
E) They may suppress the production of MHC Class I protein,they may produce an MHC Class I mimic protein,AND they may prevent cell suicide. 
A) They may suppress the production of MHC Class I protein. 
B) They may produce an MHC Class I mimic protein. 
C) They may prevent cell suicide. 
D) They may bind to MHC class II antigens. 
E) They may suppress the production of MHC Class I protein,they may produce an MHC Class I mimic protein,AND they may prevent cell suicide.

Question 16

Adhesins are

Accepted Answer

A) involved in the first step of the infectious process. 
B) often found at the tip of pili. 
C) found in flagella. 
D) endotoxins. 
E) involved in the first step of the infectious process AND often found at the tip of pili. 
A) involved in the first step of the infectious process. 
B) often found at the tip of pili. 
C) found in flagella. 
D) endotoxins. 
E) involved in the first step of the infectious process AND often found at the tip of pili.

Question 17

A disease-causing microorganism or virus is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) avirulent infection. 
B) colony. 
C) commensal. 
D) pathogen. 
A) avirulent infection. 
B) colony. 
C) commensal. 
D) pathogen.

Question 18

Colonization of the body is inhibited by

Accepted Answer

A) the shedding of skin cells. 
B) the movement of mucus by cilia. 
C) peristalsis. 
D) the flushing action of the urinary tract. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) the shedding of skin cells. 
B) the movement of mucus by cilia. 
C) peristalsis. 
D) the flushing action of the urinary tract. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 19

The process by which infectious agents are ingested by host cells is termed

Accepted Answer

A) exocytosis. 
B) pinocytosis. 
C) endocytosis. 
D) phagosome fusion. 
A) exocytosis. 
B) pinocytosis. 
C) endocytosis. 
D) phagosome fusion.

Question 20

The suffix -emia means in the

Accepted Answer

A) body. 
B) lymph. 
C) interstitial tissue. 
D) blood. 
A) body. 
B) lymph. 
C) interstitial tissue. 
D) blood.

Exam 16: Host-Microbe Interactions

An infectious disease is an infection that impairs the normal state of health.

The lack of susceptibility to diseases of other species in humans may be due to the

The chemical nature of exotoxins is that of a

The chemical nature of endotoxins is that of a

Which of the following does S.pneumoniae use to survive in the host?

The "hygiene hypothesis" proposes that

Disease(s)in which the causative agent becomes latent is/are

A human fetus has no resident microbial population.

Bacteria may survive phagocytosis by

A strong attachment of a microorganism to a host cell automatically leads to disease.

Attributes of an organism that promote pathogenicity are called

Home-canned foods should be boiled before consumption to prevent botulism.Considering that this treatment does NOT destroy endospores,why would it be helpful in preventing the disease?

High concentrations of some bacteria are necessary for successful invasion because only at high density are their virulence genes expressed.

An example of genetic variation used in pathogen survival may be

Which is/are true of viruses?

Adhesins are

A disease-causing microorganism or virus is referred to as a(n)

Colonization of the body is inhibited by

The process by which infectious agents are ingested by host cells is termed

The suffix -emia means in the

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From DNA to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

Identification and Classification of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Immunologic Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

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