Question 1

PCR is useful for amplifying a particular section of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

DNA probes are used to find regions of complementary DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

A common way to identify the

Accepted Answer

A) vector. 
B) probe. 
C) host. 
D) plasmid. 
E) coli that carries the desired recombinant DNA is by using a 
A) vector. 
B) probe. 
C) host. 
D) plasmid. 
E) coli that carries the desired recombinant DNA is by using a B

Question 4

A graduate student wants to clone a particular gene into a plasmid.The sequence includes AluI and BamHI sites on both sides of the desired fragment.AluI cuts symmetrically directly between the G and C nucleotides in a palindromic 5' AGCT 3' sequence.BamHI cuts asymmetrically directly between the G and G nucleotides in a palindromic5' GGATCC 3' sequence.Which of the two restriction endonucleases should the graduate student choose,and why?

Accepted Answer

A) BamHI to cut both sides-since it cuts asymmetrically,it'll leave the sticky,cohesive single-strand DNA ends that will make it easier to ligate into a BamHI-cut plasmid DNA sequence. 
B) AluI to cut both sides-it's always easier to ligate together blunt ends of DNA.She should also use AluI on the plasmid she wants to put the fragment into. 
C) BamHI on the fragment,and AluI on the plasmid-this will give her the matching sequences to anneal/ligate together on the fragment/plasmid combination. 
D) BamHI on one side of the fragment,and AluI on the other side-this would keep the fragment from sticking right back to where it was cut out from in the original DNA. 
A) BamHI to cut both sides-since it cuts asymmetrically,it'll leave the sticky,cohesive single-strand DNA ends that will make it easier to ligate into a BamHI-cut plasmid DNA sequence. 
B) AluI to cut both sides-it's always easier to ligate together blunt ends of DNA.She should also use AluI on the plasmid she wants to put the fragment into. 
C) BamHI on the fragment,and AluI on the plasmid-this will give her the matching sequences to anneal/ligate together on the fragment/plasmid combination. 
D) BamHI on one side of the fragment,and AluI on the other side-this would keep the fragment from sticking right back to where it was cut out from in the original DNA.

Question 5

A very common vector is a plasmid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A dye often used for its ease and sensitivity to visualize nucleic acid after agarose gel electrophoresis is

Accepted Answer

A) nigrosin. 
B) malachite green. 
C) gold oxide. 
D) ethidium bromide. 
A) nigrosin. 
B) malachite green. 
C) gold oxide. 
D) ethidium bromide.

Question 7

DNA microarray technology

Accepted Answer

A) may use many DNA fragments that function like probes. 
B) attaches nucleotides to a solid support such as a glass slide. 
C) relies on arrays that contain a detectable tag. 
D) uses nucleic acid hybridization. 
E) may use many DNA fragments that function like probes,attaches nucleotides to a solid support such as a glass slide,AND uses nucleic acid hybridization. 
A) may use many DNA fragments that function like probes. 
B) attaches nucleotides to a solid support such as a glass slide. 
C) relies on arrays that contain a detectable tag. 
D) uses nucleic acid hybridization. 
E) may use many DNA fragments that function like probes,attaches nucleotides to a solid support such as a glass slide,AND uses nucleic acid hybridization.

Question 8

DNA probes

Accepted Answer

A) may be obtained from denatured tagged dsDNA. 
B) may be obtained from similar genes from another organism. 
C) may be synthesized usually using information based on the protein sequence. 
D) are usually tagged dsRNA. 
E) may be obtained from denatured tagged dsDNA,may be obtained from similar genes from another organism,AND may be synthesized usually using information based on the protein sequence. 
A) may be obtained from denatured tagged dsDNA. 
B) may be obtained from similar genes from another organism. 
C) may be synthesized usually using information based on the protein sequence. 
D) are usually tagged dsRNA. 
E) may be obtained from denatured tagged dsDNA,may be obtained from similar genes from another organism,AND may be synthesized usually using information based on the protein sequence.

Question 9

Starting with a single piece of dsDNA,after 3 PCR cycles there are

Accepted Answer

A) 2 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
B) 4 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
C) 8 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
D) 16 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
A) 2 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
B) 4 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
C) 8 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
D) 16 additional pieces of dsDNA.

Question 10

Knowing the sequence of a genome is useful in

Accepted Answer

A) identifying genetic alterations associated with disease. 
B) studying evolutionary relationships. 
C) determining protein sequences. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) identifying genetic alterations associated with disease. 
B) studying evolutionary relationships. 
C) determining protein sequences. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 11

When a vector that employs the lacZ gene as a second marker is used in a cloning experiment,bacteria that harbor the recombinant DNA will give rise to

Accepted Answer

A) red colonies. 
B) white colonies. 
C) blue colonies. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) red colonies. 
B) white colonies. 
C) blue colonies. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 12

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

Accepted Answer

A) uses virus hosts. 
B) uses a labeled probe. 
C) is useful in microbial ecology. 
D) allows identification of particular bacterial groups in mixed samples. 
E) uses a labeled probe,is useful in microbial ecology,AND allows identification of particular bacterial groups in mixed samples. 
A) uses virus hosts. 
B) uses a labeled probe. 
C) is useful in microbial ecology. 
D) allows identification of particular bacterial groups in mixed samples. 
E) uses a labeled probe,is useful in microbial ecology,AND allows identification of particular bacterial groups in mixed samples.

Question 13

In order to get around the lack of ability of prokaryotes to remove introns from precursor RNA,it may be necessary to

Accepted Answer

A) use the DNA directly. 
B) use the DNA after it has been processed. 
C) use different promoters. 
D) turn mRNA into cDNA. 
E) use the DNA directly AND use the DNA after it has been processed. 
A) use the DNA directly. 
B) use the DNA after it has been processed. 
C) use different promoters. 
D) turn mRNA into cDNA. 
E) use the DNA directly AND use the DNA after it has been processed.

Question 14

Agarose gel electrophoresis separates nucleic acid fragments according to

Accepted Answer

A) density. 
B) shape. 
C) size. 
D) sequence. 
A) density. 
B) shape. 
C) size. 
D) sequence.

Question 15

Genetically modified food has raised some concerns because

Accepted Answer

A) it contains radioactive particles. 
B) it may contain some unanticipated allergens. 
C) it may have some unintended environmental effects. 
D) the modified DNA may transfer to other organisms. 
E) it may contain some unanticipated allergens,it may have some unintended environmental effects,AND the modified DNA may transfer to other organisms. 
A) it contains radioactive particles. 
B) it may contain some unanticipated allergens. 
C) it may have some unintended environmental effects. 
D) the modified DNA may transfer to other organisms. 
E) it may contain some unanticipated allergens,it may have some unintended environmental effects,AND the modified DNA may transfer to other organisms.

Question 16

An ideal vector

Accepted Answer

A) may be a plasmid or bacteriophage. 
B) has a restriction enzyme recognition site. 
C) contains an origin of replication. 
D) contains a selectable marker. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) may be a plasmid or bacteriophage. 
B) has a restriction enzyme recognition site. 
C) contains an origin of replication. 
D) contains a selectable marker. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 17

The polymerase chain reaction is used to duplicate small sections of

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) proteins. 
D) lipids. 
A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) proteins. 
D) lipids.

Question 18

The molecule(s)that act as molecular glue to bind DNA fragments together is/are

Accepted Answer

A) DNAse. 
B) DNA ligase. 
C) ligandase. 
D) polymerase. 
E) DNAse AND ligandase. 
A) DNAse. 
B) DNA ligase. 
C) ligandase. 
D) polymerase. 
E) DNAse AND ligandase.

Question 19

Agarose gel electrophoresis may be considered as a partial purification technique.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Most eukaryotic genes are cloned directly into the vector for expression in prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

PCR is useful for amplifying a particular section of DNA.

DNA probes are used to find regions of complementary DNA.

A common way to identify the

A very common vector is a plasmid.

A dye often used for its ease and sensitivity to visualize nucleic acid after agarose gel electrophoresis is

DNA microarray technology

DNA probes

Starting with a single piece of dsDNA,after 3 PCR cycles there are

Knowing the sequence of a genome is useful in

When a vector that employs the lacZ gene as a second marker is used in a cloning experiment,bacteria that harbor the recombinant DNA will give rise to

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

In order to get around the lack of ability of prokaryotes to remove introns from precursor RNA,it may be necessary to

Agarose gel electrophoresis separates nucleic acid fragments according to

Genetically modified food has raised some concerns because

An ideal vector

The polymerase chain reaction is used to duplicate small sections of

The molecule(s)that act as molecular glue to bind DNA fragments together is/are

Agarose gel electrophoresis may be considered as a partial purification technique.

Most eukaryotic genes are cloned directly into the vector for expression in prokaryotes.

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From DNA to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Identification and Classification of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunologic Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Filters