Question 1

In a FISH experiment,what would happen if unbound probe was not washed off?

Accepted Answer

A) Nothing-it's not necessary to wash off the unbound probe. 
B) You would get false-positive results in different areas where the probe hadn't actually bound,but it was still sitting there and lighting up. 
C) Your FISH would be floating at the top of the tank due to the toxicity of the probe building up within them. 
D) Nothing-the target nucleotide sequences are labeled,not the probe.Therefore,excess unbound probe wouldn't matter for the experiment. 
A) Nothing-it's not necessary to wash off the unbound probe. 
B) You would get false-positive results in different areas where the probe hadn't actually bound,but it was still sitting there and lighting up. 
C) Your FISH would be floating at the top of the tank due to the toxicity of the probe building up within them. 
D) Nothing-the target nucleotide sequences are labeled,not the probe.Therefore,excess unbound probe wouldn't matter for the experiment.

Question 2

The polymerase chain reaction is used to

Accepted Answer

A) amplify certain sections of DNA. 
B) amplify mRNA. 
C) produce proteins. 
D) produce long polymers of carbohydrates to be used in electrophoresis. 
A) amplify certain sections of DNA. 
B) amplify mRNA. 
C) produce proteins. 
D) produce long polymers of carbohydrates to be used in electrophoresis.

Question 3

When using lacZ containing vectors,colonies containing intact vector turn blue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Genetic engineering of plants has so far produced

Accepted Answer

A) pest-resistant plants. 
B) plants that are herbicide resistant. 
C) plants with increased nutritional value. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) pest-resistant plants. 
B) plants that are herbicide resistant. 
C) plants with increased nutritional value. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

Double-stranded DNA will separate into two strands when exposed to

Accepted Answer

A) high temperature. 
B) high pH. 
C) low temperature. 
D) low salt. 
E) high temperature AND high pH. 
A) high temperature. 
B) high pH. 
C) low temperature. 
D) low salt. 
E) high temperature AND high pH.

Question 6

A DNA microarray contains oligonucleotides that contain a label.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following genera has proved useful for manipulating plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Escherichia 
B) Bacillus 
C) Pseudomonas 
D) Agrobacterium 
A) Escherichia 
B) Bacillus 
C) Pseudomonas 
D) Agrobacterium

Question 8

The Ti plasmid is used as a vector to transfer DNA into

Accepted Answer

A) viruses. 
B) bacteria. 
C) plant cells. 
D) animal cells. 
A) viruses. 
B) bacteria. 
C) plant cells. 
D) animal cells.

Question 9

PCR is particularly useful in

Accepted Answer

A) detecting viable yet non-culturable organisms. 
B) assessing impure (multiple types of bacteria present)samples. 
C) dealing with very small numbers of bacteria. 
D) relatively quickly producing results. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) detecting viable yet non-culturable organisms. 
B) assessing impure (multiple types of bacteria present)samples. 
C) dealing with very small numbers of bacteria. 
D) relatively quickly producing results. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 10

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)can be used to perform DNA sequencing reactions.In this case,are two primers (a forward and a reverse)necessary?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes-you can't perform PCR without two specific primers to amplify the region in question in the DNA. 
B) No-dideoxynucleotide sequencing depends on different length fragments being formed and then separated based on size.This can take place with only a specific forward OR a specific reverse primer. 
C) No-you actually need a primer pair for each round of DNA amplification ...so you'll need many,many primer pairs. 
D) Yes-and it will be important to make sure that the primer pairs are made with dideoxynucleotides that are labeled with fluorescent dyes.Otherwise,you won't be able to detect the fragments that are made in the PCR process. 
A) Yes-you can't perform PCR without two specific primers to amplify the region in question in the DNA. 
B) No-dideoxynucleotide sequencing depends on different length fragments being formed and then separated based on size.This can take place with only a specific forward OR a specific reverse primer. 
C) No-you actually need a primer pair for each round of DNA amplification ...so you'll need many,many primer pairs. 
D) Yes-and it will be important to make sure that the primer pairs are made with dideoxynucleotides that are labeled with fluorescent dyes.Otherwise,you won't be able to detect the fragments that are made in the PCR process.

Question 11

Dideoxynucleotides

Accepted Answer

A) are useful in nucleic acid sequencing. 
B) have two additional hydroxyl groups at the 2' and 3' carbons. 
C) act as chain initiators. 
D) act as chain terminators. 
E) are useful in nucleic acid sequencing AND act as chain terminators. 
A) are useful in nucleic acid sequencing. 
B) have two additional hydroxyl groups at the 2' and 3' carbons. 
C) act as chain initiators. 
D) act as chain terminators. 
E) are useful in nucleic acid sequencing AND act as chain terminators.

Question 12

Possessing the entire sequence of a particular human genome may not be as useful as we think.Why not?

Accepted Answer

A) Every human genome is different enough that knowing ONE human's DNA sequence can't tell us almost anything about ALL humans. 
B) It's not the DNA sequence that matters-we need to know the mRNA sequence of the human genome. 
C) Due to the presence of introns/exons,and splicing of RNA after transcription,the DNA sequence doesn't necessarily tell us the exact number/type of proteins that will eventually be made from it. 
D) The amount of "junk DNA" present in the human genome masks any useful genetic information that we'd like to obtain. 
A) Every human genome is different enough that knowing ONE human's DNA sequence can't tell us almost anything about ALL humans. 
B) It's not the DNA sequence that matters-we need to know the mRNA sequence of the human genome. 
C) Due to the presence of introns/exons,and splicing of RNA after transcription,the DNA sequence doesn't necessarily tell us the exact number/type of proteins that will eventually be made from it. 
D) The amount of "junk DNA" present in the human genome masks any useful genetic information that we'd like to obtain.

Question 13

Short tandem repeats (STRs)

Accepted Answer

A) are useful in identifying specific individuals. 
B) are important sites in vectors where foreign DNA can be integrated. 
C) are errors that can arise during DNA sequencing. 
D) are DNA fragments generated during PCR. 
A) are useful in identifying specific individuals. 
B) are important sites in vectors where foreign DNA can be integrated. 
C) are errors that can arise during DNA sequencing. 
D) are DNA fragments generated during PCR.

Question 14

The entire set of cloned fragments of the complete human genome is termed a

Accepted Answer

A) book of genes. 
B) recombinant gene. 
C) DNA library. 
D) restructured genome. 
A) book of genes. 
B) recombinant gene. 
C) DNA library. 
D) restructured genome.

Question 15

DNA molecules that contain pieces of DNA from two different sources are defined as

Accepted Answer

A) biotechnology. 
B) gene cloning. 
C) recombinant DNA. 
D) genetic engineering. 
A) biotechnology. 
B) gene cloning. 
C) recombinant DNA. 
D) genetic engineering.

Question 16

PCR typically results in the generation of fragments of all sizes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)in humans

Accepted Answer

A) is always donated to the offspring from both parents. 
B) can be used to identify related people. 
C) can be isolated only from intact embryos. 
D) can be used to establish paternity. 
A) is always donated to the offspring from both parents. 
B) can be used to identify related people. 
C) can be isolated only from intact embryos. 
D) can be used to establish paternity.

Question 18

Vectors must have at least one restriction enzyme recognition site.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

PCR produces

Accepted Answer

A) DNA fragments of all possible sizes. 
B) DNA fragments that are one nucleotide larger than the next fragment. 
C) DNA fragments of a particular size. 
D) DNA fragments of increasing size. 
E) DNA fragments that are one nucleotide larger than the next fragment AND DNA fragments of increasing size. 
A) DNA fragments of all possible sizes. 
B) DNA fragments that are one nucleotide larger than the next fragment. 
C) DNA fragments of a particular size. 
D) DNA fragments of increasing size. 
E) DNA fragments that are one nucleotide larger than the next fragment AND DNA fragments of increasing size.

Question 20

Common vectors used for cloning genes are

Accepted Answer

A) bacteria. 
B) viruses. 
C) nucleotides. 
D) plasmids. 
E) viruses AND plasmids. 
A) bacteria. 
B) viruses. 
C) nucleotides. 
D) plasmids. 
E) viruses AND plasmids.

Exam 9: Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

In a FISH experiment,what would happen if unbound probe was not washed off?

The polymerase chain reaction is used to

When using lacZ containing vectors,colonies containing intact vector turn blue.

Genetic engineering of plants has so far produced

Double-stranded DNA will separate into two strands when exposed to

A DNA microarray contains oligonucleotides that contain a label.

Which of the following genera has proved useful for manipulating plant cells?

The Ti plasmid is used as a vector to transfer DNA into

PCR is particularly useful in

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)can be used to perform DNA sequencing reactions.In this case,are two primers (a forward and a reverse)necessary?

Dideoxynucleotides

Possessing the entire sequence of a particular human genome may not be as useful as we think.Why not?

Short tandem repeats (STRs)

The entire set of cloned fragments of the complete human genome is termed a

DNA molecules that contain pieces of DNA from two different sources are defined as

PCR typically results in the generation of fragments of all sizes.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)in humans

Vectors must have at least one restriction enzyme recognition site.

PCR produces

Common vectors used for cloning genes are

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From DNA to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Identification and Classification of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunologic Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Filters